Empirical Research into Teaching

The paper argues that 100 years of empirical research into teaching has failed to provide a usable account of best practice. This is partly because of conceptual and other logical problems that cannot in practice be resolved, as has been argued before. However, it is further argued that the real reason that no useful rules of good teaching can be established is that there are no substantive and important rules covering human interactions such as teaching. It is not that science cannot get the answers; rather it is that there are not any answers, and that is why there is not a science of teaching. Every teaching event is unique and the way to determine good practice is to be clear about what one is trying to achieve and to know one’s particular audience. This is not simply sound practical advice, but logically the only path to knowledge in this area.     

Technology student learning preferences and the design of flexible learning programs

The learning preferences of three hundred and thirty eighttechnology students enrolled in sub-degree programs at an Australian institution of Technical andFurther Education were tested using the Canfield Learning Styles Inventory (CLSI). The results have been interpreted in a learning preferences framework and providesupportive evidence for the preferences factors of print-nonprint, collaborative, dependent,and autonomous learning identified by Sadler-Smith & Riding (1999). Although theresearch focussed on learning preferences the analysis also indicated support for theWholist-Analytic cognitive style proposed by Riding & Cheema (1991). Genderdifferences were shown for the Interest subscales of the CLSI. Age-group differenceswere shown for several Conditions of Learning and Modes of Learning subscales.Implications for the design of training programs, and the skillsthat may need to be developed in technology learners to enable effective use offlexible delivery, are also discussed.     

磷化铜/石墨烯锂离子负极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

磷化铜由于其高理论容量和资源丰富等优点,逐渐成为一种拥有发展前景的新型锂离子电池负极材料.但其在充放电过程中存在着严重的体积膨胀和团聚问题,导致其循环性能差、倍率性能低.为此,我们利用水热法和低温磷化法合成了磷化铜/还原氧化石墨烯(Cu3P/rGO)复合材料,并对其物化特性和储锂性能进行了表征与测试.结果表明,rGO的修饰复合能够有效提高Cu3P的电化学性能,为发展新型锂离子电池负极材料提供实验与理论指导.     

中国中小学英语教师资格认证体系构想

本文在介绍、评价和比较美、英、法、德、日等欧美发达国家和我国周边国家的中小学教师资格认证体系,及英美两国测试和教育评估认证机构设立的英语教师资格认证体系的基础上,提出我国应借鉴国际经验,完善中小学英语教师职前教育和在职培训的内容与模式,并建立一套全国统一且具有各省和直辖市特色的中小学英语教师资格准入和在职资格晋级制度。     

信用证结算方式下出口商的风险与防范

在信用证结算方式下,出口商会面临进口商的道德问题、开证行倒闭、单证不符、信用证软条款、直寄提单等风险。出口商应该通过对相关客户进行资信调查、加强催证审证工作、认真制作单据、要求信用证加具保兑等措施来规避风险。     

COMPUTER SIMULATION FOR ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN MOTION OF FLUID

In this paper,an equation system of electrohydrodynamics(EHD)based onthe fluid motion equations is discussed.Emphasis is put on the effects of electrical forceand surface tension upon the fluid motion.The Marker and Cell method is used to set up acomputational simulation program of electrically driven motion of fluid.With the help ofthe program,a cylindrical fluid under the influences of electrical field and surface tensionhas been calculated.The result is in good agreement with the experimental observation.     

MEASUREMENT OF THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUE

An open-ended coaxial line reflection method especially suitable for meas-uring the dielectric properties of biological tissue in vivo is described.This method offersthe advantage of not requiring any special preparation of the samples to be measured but aclose contact with the open end of a coaxial line.It is,therefore,very convenient to acquirea large number of measurement data in broad band rapidly.The method may also be usedto measure the properties of other substances.The measuring system consists of a networkanalyzer controlled by a microcomputer and calibrated by using ANA procedure to elimi-hate the influnce of error network introduced by the adapter,some connectors,etc.In or-der to reach higher accuracy,the iterative method is used to determine the parameters ofthe equivalent circuit.Measurements of permeativities of some living tissues have been per-formed in the frequency band of 0.5-2GHz.Compared with the results known in somepapers,the validity of this method has been confirmed.The difference in dielectric proper-ties between living and dead tissues,and the tissue permeativites(ε)versus frequency andduration of measurement after death have also been measured.     

对孔子“君君臣臣”思想的再审视

“君君，臣臣，父父，子子”是孔子“正名”思想的重要表述。考察孔子原意主要是针对统治者而言的，要求君要行“君道”，强调的重点在“君”一方。今天所说的“君臣、父子、夫妇”尊卑等级思想并非孔子思想的本来面貌，是后儒对孔子思想的过度阐释，是对孔子思想的偏离和歪曲。     

基于LabWindows/CVI的大攻角侧向力控制器

运用LabWindows/CVI的RS232函数库,研制了一种基于LabWindows/CVI的大攻角侧向力控制器.实现了PC机对单片机及其外围电路的控制,使操作人员利用上位机软件方便地调整步进电机的运行角度和直流电机的运行速度.     

The Bulgarian academic profession in transition

In this essay I analyze the current status of the academicprofession in Bulgaria at a time of difficult socio-economictransition. After providing a brief overview of the historicaldevelopment of Bulgarian academia, I discuss faculty workingconditions, the career path within the profession and the legalframework for the professoriate. Numerous problems with respectto finances, institutional infrastructure and legal environmentchallenge the status quo of the Bulgarian faculty. The essaycloses by highlighting the future key issues for theacademic profession that focus around its finanacial viability,difficulties in recruiting a new generation of scholars, the qualityof teaching and learning, and faculty entrepreneurship.