Efficiency,technology and productivity change in Australian universities, 1998–2003

In this study, productivity growth in 35 Australian universities is investigated using non-parametric frontier techniques over the period 1998–2003. The five inputs included in the analysis are full-time equivalent academic and non-academic staff, non-labour expenditure and undergraduate and postgraduate student load while the six outputs are undergraduate, postgraduate and Ph.D. completions, national competitive and industry grants and publications. Using Malmquist indices, productivity growth is decomposed into technical efficiency and technological change. The results indicate that annual productivity growth averaged 3.3% across all universities, with a range from −1.8% to 13.0%, and was largely attributable to technological progress. However, separate analyses of research-only and teaching-only productivity indicate that most of this gain was attributable to improvements in research-only productivity associated with pure technical and some scale efficiency improvements. While teaching-only productivity also contributed, the largest source of gain in that instance was technological progress offset by a slight fall in technical efficiency.     

Compressive Strength of Hydrostatic-Stress-Sensitive Materials at High Strain-Rates

Many engineering materials demonstrate dynamic enhancement of their compressive strength with the increase of strain-rate, which have been included in material models to improve the reliability of numerical simulations of the material and structural responses under impact and blast loads. The strain-rate effects on the dynamic compressive strength of a range of engineering materials which behave in hydrostatic-stress-sensitive manner were investigated. It is concluded that the dynamic enhancement of the compressive strength of a hydrostatic-stress-sensitive material may include inertia-induced lateral confinement effects, which, as a non-strain-rate factor, may greatly enhance the compressive strength of these materials. Some empirical formulae based on the dynamic stress-strain measurements over-predict the strain-rate effects on the compressive strength of these hydrostatic-stress-sensitive materials, and thus may over-estimate the structural resistance to impact and blast loads, leading to non-conservative design of protective structures.     

K/Na-Mo复合变质对M2高速钢组织和性能的影响

用K／Na-Mo复合变质剂对M2铸造高速钢进行变质处理,对试样进行组织分析及力学性能测试．结果表明,随着K／Na-Mo复合变质剂的加入,M2高速钢中铸态碳化物趋于断网,骨状晶转变为等轴晶,组织得到了优化,同时M2高速钢的韧性明显提高,硬度和红硬性也有所改善．     

梁启超与五卅运动

五卅惨案发生后,梁启超作为一介国士,以维护国家利益为己任,多次向政府和国人病陈沪案解决方略,提出了一些很有见地的主张,然而非但没有引起政府和国人的重视,反而遭致许多误解。梁启超不以为悔,其拳拳爱国之心表现于字里行间。     

竖向电渣压力焊施工操作方法特点

竖向电渣压力焊是一种综合效益极好的技术,具有焊接工艺操作简单、速度快、成本低等特点,应在多层和高层框架结构竖向钢筋连接中大力推行.     

Innovation, regional knowledge spillovers and R&D cooperation

We investigate the impact of knowledge spillovers and R&D cooperation on innovation activities in three German regions. We begin by estimating the knowledge-production function in order to test for interregional difference with regard to the efficiency of innovation activities. In a second step, we analyze the contribution of spillovers from R&D effort of other private firms and of public research institutions to explain these differences. The inclusion of variables for R&D cooperation in the model indicates that R&D cooperation is only of relatively minor importance as a medium for knowledge spillover.     

Investigating the interaction and mutual dependence between science and technology

Literature on the economics of science and technology (S&T) suggests not only that technological innovation demands the expansion of the institutional borders between universities, research institutes, industrial companies and the financial system, but also that science leads as well as follows technology. Medical innovation in particular is very dependent on scientific research, which represents a source of information that impels the productive sector. The latter introduces a series of questions that motivate the researchers in their attempt to understand how the human body reacts to certain products and therapies. This paper analyses the pattern of S&T interaction for both the national system of innovation (NSI) and the health innovation system. The panel data and simultaneous equations models analyze the interaction between S&T. The theory about the existence of a mutual dependence between them has been confirmed, which means that science moves technology and technology also influences scientific development. The estimated models, which use data from scientific papers and patents as proxies of science and technology, represent just the tip of the iceberg called NSI, known as a multifaceted and complex institutional arrangement.     

中板在铁路运输中窜出事故分析

本文通过对《铁路货物装载加固定型方案》所装中板在运输途中窜出事故现场进行测量和分析,从车辆运行的振动形态、中板上的作用力以及中板的紧急制动状态诸方面对窜出事故因素进行了探讨。并提出了防止事故发生的装载改进措施。     

植筋在建筑工程中的应用

锚杆在矿建工程中已被广泛使用，但是将锚杆用于对旧建筑物进行加固补强及改扩建工程中具有一定的特殊性，近年来，在抗震加固、改建、修建等工程中应用越来越广泛；对旧建筑物进行加固补强及改扩建的方法多种多样，实践表明，植筋它连接可靠、施工方便、费用较低，是一种比较理想的施工方法；介绍的是锚杆在房屋改扩建工程中的成功实例。     

"本构关系"方法在钢铁行业投资价值分析中的应用

为了全面而又科学地对上市公司行业投资价值做出分析，章提出了“本构关系”方法。此方法从上市公司行业所处的宏观、中观和微观环境上对行业投资价值进行综合分析评价。章在构建了钢铁行业投资价值评价指标体系的基础上，根据2002年钢铁行业的行业情况和数据资料，运用内所提出的“本构关系”方法对钢铁行业的投资价值进行了分析评价，所得结果与实际的市场结果相吻合。