对五四新文化、新文学运动发生根基的再认识(上)

文章分析了蔡元培及其开创的北京大学与陈独秀及其创办的《新青年》的同与异,分析了进入北大的章门弟子同人与“校”和“刊”的同与异,进而分析了以鲁迅为核心的“S会馆”与“校与刊”结合的北大存在着相对恃和抗衡的一面,从而提出了重新认识“五四”新文化、新文学运动发生的两个体现逐步深化的认识框架：一者是“S会馆”与“校”和“刊”的“鼎足而立”,另者是“S会馆”本身即呈“三角张力”。由此可见,从章太炎到鲁迅对“五四”新文化、新文学运动的发生起到了根基性作用。     

Black-white IQ discrepancies may be related to differences in hemisphericity

WPPSI and McCarthy Scales subtests were ranked by members of the National Academy of Neuropsychology according to relative reliance on left-cerebral-hemisphere function. Pairs of blacks and whites matched for a variety of demographic variables were administered the WPPSI (132 pairs) and the McCarthy Scales (148 pairs). Difference scores were calculated, in standard score units, for each WPPSI and McCarthy subtest. A pattern of positive correlation occurred between the size of black-white differences and the judged degree of left-hemisphere involvement in the task, suggesting that black-white IQ discrepancies may be partially explained by differences in hemisphericity.     

Selective attention of impulsive and reflective children

Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test was used to select 36 impulsive and 36 reflective children at each of three grade levels: kindergarten, second, and fifth. An incidental learning paradigm was used to assess the child's recall of central and incidental information. Reflective subjects recalled more central and incidental information than impulsives, suggesting that impulsives have difficulty encoding information for storage. Central recall increased with grade level but incidental learning remained constant, a finding consistent with the developmental trend found in previous investigations. A task order effect was found in the recall of central information with more errors made when the central recall task was presented after the incidental. This order effect may account for the higher central recall scores found in previous investigations. Other problems with the incidental learning paradigms raise questions about the validity of the task for inferring selective attention. Despite the problems associated with the task, the results offer further evidence to support the notion that impulsive and reflective children differ on dimensions other than response latency.     

Clarifying what seems to be a paradox in Israeli life

This article explores what appears to be a paradox in Israeli life: on what basis can modern Israel continue to promote sport, dance, play and exercise despite the evident truth that there is very little reference in Jewish tradition to the significance of these activities? After reviewing the Jewish tradition, the author discusses several macrosystemic variables (e.g., characteristics of world societies) in each case making a cross-cultural comparison between the University, Canada and Israel. Various approaches to the “good life” offered by Kateb are considered and related to the Israeli scene. The conclusion is that Israelis have been forced to adopt a behavioral science image in which they are adapting reality to their own end and adapting to reality where necessary.     

中国金殿之瑰宝——武当金殿590年记

古铜殿是我国古代冶炼技术高度发展的产物，由于使用了馏金工艺这一高级技术．俗称“金殿”。金殿是我国古代皇权和财富的标志，也是我国古代劳动人民的智慧所创作的精美建筑实物。武当金殿是中华民族的国之瑰宝。     

“It’s kind of like an assault,you know”: media resisters’ meta-decoding practices of media culture

ABSTRACT

Stuart Hall’s “Encoding/decoding” essay sparked an on-going focus in media studies on reception and audience studies that remains theoretically robust today. Hall’s insight that audience members decode media content in multiple ways, some in line with the dominant cultural ideology and some resistant to that ideology, illuminates the phenomenon of media resistance. Media resisters significantly limit their media consumption and they do so based on their decodings of media culture—decodings, or readings, that resist normative messages about commercialism and consumption, about the natural diffusion and inherent benefits of mobile technologies and social media, and about the political landscape depicted and generated by news media. Hall’s encoding/decoding model is expanded here to include not only audiences’ decodings of specific content, but of media culture broadly. Concerns about media culture in the aggregate lead to media resisters’ practices of limiting media engagement, practices themselves that are counter hegemonic.     

Notes on reconstructing “the popular”

ABSTRACT

Drawing on Stuart Hall’s influential “Notes on deconstructing ‘the popular’” [Hall, S. (1981). In R. Samuel (Eds.), People’s history and socialist theory (pp. 227–240). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.], this essay maps out some of the major shifts in cultural studies’ relationship to popular culture over the past several decades. It concludes with a call for cultural studies to find ways to work from the terrain of the popular, rather than merely studying that terrain, or trying to “translate” its scholarly analyses for popular audiences. This is a necessary path to fulfilling its mission as a political project.     

磁制导AGV实验装置的研制

为满足机械工程及自动化专业实验教学的需要，研制了磁制导AGV实验装置。介绍了该装置的总体结构、制导原理、控制系统和软件。实践表明，该装置柔性好，可靠性高，制作费用低。