Retraction statements and research malpractice in economics

We draw on rational crime theory to help analyse 55 articles that have been retracted from 734 peer-reviewed journals in the field of economics. We highlight and discuss what these findings indicate regarding the nature and pattern of research malpractice in that discipline. Particular attention is given to exploring “no reason” retractions and the policy guidelines of publishers regarding retracted papers. We conclude that the frequent vagueness of retraction statements, and a reluctance to signal research malpractice, generally results in little damage to the reputation of caught, and known, offenders. Thus, a key deterrent to engaging in research malpractice is lacking. To reduce the incidence of research malpractice, we offer several recommendations for publishers and journal editors.     

SO_4~(2-)/La_2O_3-ZrO_2-HZSM-5催化合成肉桂酸酯

首次将SO42-/La2O3-ZrO2-HZSM-5催化剂用于合成柠檬酸酯,合成了五种肉桂酸酯。考察了催化剂用量、醇酸比、反应时间等因素对酯化率的影响。结果表明:肉桂酸酯的酯化率最高可达93.6%,高碳醇的酯化率高于低碳醇的酯化率,且该催化剂具有良好的重复使用和再生能力。     

从42届体操世锦赛和16届亚运会体操比赛成绩分析中国男子体操队现状

运用文献资料、逻辑分析相数理统计等研究方法,对中国男子体操队在42届体操世锦赛和16届亚运会体操比赛成绩进行分析,总结目前中国男子体操队目前存在的优势和不足.研究结果:中国男子团体冠军的主要竞争对手为日本队;男子个人全能型选手相对缺乏;单项中吊环、双杠项目优势明显;鞍屿和跳马项目后继无人.在"533"赛制下,比赛偶然性...     

Professorenberufung gemäß UG 2002

Durch das UG 2002 wurde der Bereich der Personalrekrutierung an Universitäten in die autonome Aufgabenbesorgung der Universitätsorgane übertragen. Von diesem neuen Regelungsregime sind auch UniversitätsprofessorInnen erfasst. In diesem Zusammenhang besteht jedoch eine Fülle von Fragen – insbesondere jene, in welchem Umfang im Auswahlverfahren entsprechende Rechtsschutzperspektiven für übergangene bzw nicht berücksichtigte BewerberInnen bestehen. Dieser Fragestellung soll im folgenden Beitrag im Anschluss an die Darstellung des Berufungsverfahrens gem §§ 98 f UG 2002 nachgegangen werden.     

Toward a theory of teaching: A social learning view

Two hypotheses were investigated: Do teachers spontaneously use modeling techniques during instruction, and are teachers who are trained to use these procedures more effective? Twenty-four teachers attempted to instruct a like number of 5-year-olds to seriate length. Twelve additional youngsters served as uninstructed controls. Untrained teachers made little use of modeling techniques and were generally ineffective. Trained teachers were significantly more effective than their untrained counterparts. Teacher use of specific modeling behaviors correlated with teaching success. The results were discussed from a Social Learning Theory view of teaching.     

SO42－／TiO2－La2 O3催化合成耐寒增塑剂癸二酸二正己酯

合成固体超强酸催化剂 SO42－／TiO2－La2 O3,并用于合成癸二酸二正己酯。结果表明,500℃焙烧3h 所得催化剂活性最好;采用正交实验法对影响酯化反应的因素进行考察,最优工艺条件：n（酸）∶n（醇）＝1∶3．0,催化剂用量1．3％（总物料）,反应时间2．5h,最高酯化率为98．5％。且该催化剂具有良好的重复使用和再生能力。     

第42届IMO第二题的证明与加强

本文给出了第42届IMO第二题的一个简捷证明与一个加强,丰富了权方和不等式的使用功能.     

Assessment drives learning: The effect of central exit exams on curricular knowledge and mathematical literacy

In this paper, we use data from the German PISA 2003 sample to study the effects of central exit examinations on student performance and student attitudes. Unlike earlier studies we use (i) a value-added measure to pin down the effect of central exit exams on learning in the last year before the exam and (ii) separate test scores for mathematical literacy and curriculum-based knowledge. The findings indicate that central exit exams improve curriculum-based knowledge but do not affect mathematical literacy. Students, although showing a better performance, are less intrinsically motivated in school.     

固体超强酸Fe2O3-SO42-催化合成己二酸二辛酯

用固体超强酸Fe2O3-SO42-为催化剂、己二酸和辛醇为原料合成己二酸二辛酯的过程中,催化剂的活化温度、催化剂的用量、醇酸比、反应时间对收率都有较大的影响.研究表明,己二酸的用量在0.1 mol的情况下,用固体超强酸Fe2O3-SO42-为催化剂,催化剂的活化温度500℃,催化剂用量1.5 g,醇酸比31,反应时间2.5 h,是最适宜的反应条件,酯收率达85%.