非R&D活动与制造业企业创新绩效关系的实证研究-以长三角地区为例

作为一种重要的创新途径,非R&D活动越来越受重视。本文基于对长三角地区制造业企业发放的230份问卷所获得的数据,用结构方程模型对三种非R&D活动(培训、设计和采用先进生产技术)与制造业企业创新绩效关系进行了实证研究。研究结果表明:(1)培训对设计和采用先进生产技术具有显著的正向影响;(2)采用先进生产技术对设计没有显著的正向影响;(3)设计和采用先进生产技术对创新绩效具有显著的直接正向影响;(4)培训对创新绩效没有显著的直接正向影响,而是通过设计或采用先进生产技术间接影响创新绩效。     

AMC视角下多市场接触对企业研发强度的影响--基于全球医药行业的实证研究

以往对多市场接触的研究大多集中于考察多市场接触对下游产品市场竞争强度的影响，本文将研究的注意力转向上游要素市场。基于多市场接触理论和动态竞争的意识—动机—能力 (awareness-motivation-capability, AMC) 框架，探讨了多市场接触对企业研发强度的影响。对全球最大的38家制药企业2007—2016年期间的面板数据分析表明，把企业间竞争的范围延伸到上游研发市场时，多市场接触会表现出显著的竞争效应，即多市场接触会正向影响企业的研发强度，从而说明经典的相互克制效应并不适用于要素市场。此外，本文检验了多市场接触和研发强度关系的边界条件，焦点企业专利存量和现金持有比会削弱多市场接触和研发强度之间的正向关系，而销量下降产品比例会强化二者之间关系。     

数学与企业创新

国家的创新发展与数学密不可分,其中应用数学的发展主要由国家需求驱动,具体体现在科学发现、国防建设和企业创新方面。现阶段我国经济已进入创新驱动发展时期,企业作为国家经济活动的主要参与者,其创新发展离不开数学的支持。对于如何通过数学来促进企业创新,文章提出了更好地"提出问题"、更好地"解决问题"、更好地"反馈效果"和更好地"评价成果"4个需要重视的方面。最后,对数学促进企业创新的前景和重要意义进行了展望。     

官员更替、银行授信与企业研发投入

利用官员更替数据匹配世界银行提供的关于中国企业营商环境质量调查数据,旨在从实证的角度探究官员更替、银行授信和企业研发投入之间的关系。研究发现,官员更替和银行授信都对企业研发投入具有显著的促进作用。此外,官员更替这种强烈的外生冲击会强化银行授信对企业研发投入的积极影响。不过,官员更替和银行授信对规模不同企业的研发投入的直接和交互影响存在着差异。上述结果表明,对于政策制定者而言,丰富和完善官员更替制度对加快实施创新驱动发展战略具有重要的实践意义。     

分峰计算结晶度的问题探讨

应用分峰方法计算结晶度,首要条件是结晶聚合物的形态结构必须符合"两相模型"。通过聚合物材料的分析,发现Jade软件的分峰程序固然很好,但其受到扫描范围、基线、非晶峰位置及分布的影响很大,计算的结晶度值有一定的随意性,只能作相对比较,且结晶度值偏大。用X射线衍射法测定的结晶度与其他实验方法获得的结晶度无可比性,还常遇到背景散射的基线不平和非晶峰难以确定等现象。对此进行探讨和交流。     

知识产权环境与区域创新——金融发展的调节作用

综合考虑知识产权制度体系、服务体系和知识产权意识等因素,探索从金融发展的视角研究知识产权环境与区域创新的关系。利用我国31个省份2012—2019年的面板数据,用固定效应模型开展直接效应、间接传导、异质性传导机制分析,实证探究知识产权环境对区域创新的影响路径。结果表明,知识产权环境的优劣与区域创新产出有明显的正相关性,金融发展在知识产权环境对区域创新的直接和中介效应中存在明显的调节效应,改善知识产权环境可以增强金融对研发投入的促进作用,同时抑制金融对实体经济的挤出效应;相较于中、西部地区,知识产权环境改善对东部地区创新产出水平的提升作用较小。根据研究结果,从完善知识产权制度和知识产权服务体系以及树立知识产权意识3个方面提出对策建议。     

虚拟现实技术在高校教学中的应用研究

阐述了VR技术在高校教学中的优势,重点介绍了5种主流网络VR技术的性能特点和应用状况,同时论述了VR技术与教学相互促进和推动的发展趋势。     

电视发射机射频放大模块的分析与故障排除

全固态电视发射机具有智能化管理、平均故障率低、保护功能可靠完善等优点。其功放单元和供电单元采用积木化、冗余化设计,有完善的保护、指示功能,以及热插拔和激励器主备自动切换,这就决定了电视发射机维护观念和维护模式发生改变,使发射机功率放大器模块成为发射机主要的维护对象。本文以泰克诺公司生产的BT03-103S型全固态电视发射机为例,介绍全固态电视发射机功率放大模块AU152及其故障与维护。     

Kinematic analysis of the drag flick in field hockey

Attaining high speed of the stick head and consequently of the ball is essential for successful performance of the drag flick in field hockey, but the coordination pattern used to maximise stick head speed is unknown. The kinematics of the drag flick was studied in ten elite hockey players who performed twenty shots each towards a target located 1.5 m high. A 150 Hz active marker motion analysis system was used, alongside two force plates to detect foot touchdown. Angular velocity and contribution to stick endpoint speed of upper body joints were analysed. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare timing of onset and peak angular velocities between joints. Participants used a kinematic pattern that was close to a proximal-to-distal sequence. Trunk axial rotation and lateral rotation towards the target, right wrist flexion and left wrist extension were the main contributors to stick endpoint speed. Coaches should emphasise trunk rotations and wrist flexion and extension movements for maximising stick head speed. Given the high level of the participants in this study, the coordination of joints motions, as reported here, can serve as a guideline for drag flick training.     

Shoe drop reduction influences the lower limb biomechanics of children tennis players during an open stance forehand: A longitudinal study

Compared to traditional tennis shoes, using 0-drop shoes was shown to induce an immediate switch from rear- to forefoot strike pattern to perform an open stance tennis forehand for 30% of children tennis players. The purpose of the study was to examine the long-term effects of a gradual reduction in the shoe drop on the biomechanics of children tennis players performing open stance forehands. Thirty children tennis players participated in 2 laboratory biomechanical test sessions (intermediate: +4 months and final: +8 months) after an inclusion visit where they were randomly assigned to control (CON) or experimental (EXP) group. CON received 12-mm-drop shoes twice, whereas EXP received 8?mm then 4-mm-drop shoes. Strike index indicated that all CON were rearfoot strikers in intermediate and final test sessions. All EXP were rearfoot strikers in intermediate test session, but half the group switched towards a forefoot strike pattern in final test session. This switch resulted in a decreased loading rate of the ground reaction force (?73%, p?=?.005) but increased peak ankle plantarflexors moment (+47%, p?=?.050) and peak ankle power absorption (+107%, p?=?.005) for these participants compared with CON. Biomechanical changes associated with the long-term use of partial minimalist shoes suggest a reduction in heel compressive forces but an increase in Achilles tendon tensile forces.