Expert-Based cognitive models vs theory-based cognitive models: Which cognitive models match students’ cognition on ‘Parallel and Perpendicular Lines’ Better?

The cognitive model is a prominent element for supporting teachers' instructional needs regarding the confusing geometry topic named ‘Parallel and Perpendicular Lines’. Nonetheless, the mismatch between the derived cognitive models and the students’ cognition would threaten the validity of the diagnostic inferences made. While cognitive models could be developed by using different approaches, this study evaluated the model-data fit of the expert-based cognitive models which were developed by conducting expert task analysis and the theory-based cognitive models which were developed by reviewing the available theory. The study was conducted by adopting a cross-sectional research design. A total of 1 069 Grade Four students were selected by using two-stage cluster sampling. The findings indicated that the average model-data fit increased with the abilities of students for both theory-based and expert-based cognitive models on ‘Parallel and Perpendicular Lines’. Nonetheless, the theory-based cognitive models have a better model-data fit compared to the expert-based cognitive models. The findings imply the significance of the available theory of cognition in guiding the development of cognitive models. With satisfactory model-data fit, the theory-based cognitive models could serve as a guide for making diagnostic inferences on students' skill acquisition in the topic of 'Parallel and Perpendicular Lines'.     

微分方程的Mathematica解法与可视化

Mathematica软件除了其强大的计算功能外,图形绘制的功能也很有特色.在处理微分方程数学模型时,常常遇到十分棘手的问题,如非线性动力学发展过程中有三大著名方程之一的van der pol方程,迄今一直都是理论与应用领域内探讨的热门课题。     

Concept image revisited

Concept image and concept definition is an important construct in mathematics education. Its use, however, has been limited to cognitive studies. This article revisits concept image in the context of research on undergraduate students’ understanding of the derivative which regards the context of learning as paramount. The literature, mainly on concept image and concept definition, is considered before outlining the research study, the calculus courses and results which inform considerations of concept image. Section 6 addresses three themes: students’ developing concept images of the derivative; the relationship between teaching and students’ developing concept images; students’ developing concept images and their departmental affiliation. The conclusion states that studies of undergraduates’ concept images should not ignore their departmental affiliations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Biological applications of the “Filtered” Van der Pol oscillator

The present article deals with the development of an oscillatory model, which generates waveforms corresponding to ECG patterns. The present oscillatory system relies on coupling of oscillators derived from the famous VDP oscillator. We demonstrate that inducing a relaxation type of dynamics in the models contributes to their successful generation of ECG like signals. Furthermore, an interesting affinity is found, which associates the present models with a version of the well-known practical Wien Bridge oscillator. The presently discussed system relies on coupled elementary oscillator units. The present coupling is due to merely two units. The model, however, is likely to become even more realistic by coupling in the same manner an assembly of relatively many oscillators.     

范梅南现象学教育研究透析

在现象学教育研究领域里,范梅南的学术思想宏阔,其研究的主题内容新颖、方法独特,堪称质性方法学研究的典范.主题内容可归结为三个方面:理论与实践的关系;教育实践性智慧;教育研究中儿童的价值及定位.其研究的特征为:1.寻求对儿童真实生活的体验;2.现象学教育研究中的"现象"指事物本身的真实存在;3.重视对生活经验的意义进行描述;4.范梅南现象学教育研究是一种反思性的实践.     

激情背后的理性——论梵高的绘画语言

印象派最具有代表意义的画家梵高的作品有一种强烈的情感色彩,他着意于真实情感的再现,他要表现的是他对事物的感受,而不是所看到的视觉形象。人们往往只看到其激情的一面,在其激情的背后,梵高对绘画语言的探索及掌握,却是充满了理性的思考。     

冰与火的碰撞——凡·高性格和作品中的两面性

19世纪荷兰画家凡·高是艺术界颇具争议的人物。从凡·高的生平入手,分析其鲜明又充满矛盾的个性特征。同时,透过其复杂多变的内心世界,分析其作品中本身所包含的多面性。     

为艺术而燃烧的灵魂——从“梵高情结”看陈染的“超性别意识”

文学同绘画之间的关系源远流长,文学家从绘画艺术中寻找灵感、寄托志向也并非创举。女作家陈染的散文、随笔及小说中有大量关于画家梵高的论述,甚至形成陈染的梵高情结,这些论述传达出作家试图超越性别写作的定见、追求艺术理想的愿景,这正是为以往研究者所忽视的。以此为突破点,通过对陈染散文、随笔及小说中关于梵高的论述进行文本细读,重新认识陈染的艺术追求和审视她的文学创作,展现陈染精神的另一面。     

也谈无机化学中“化学平衡”的教学

对＂化学平衡＂一章教学内容的讨论进行了简评,建议对其中＂范德霍夫等温式＂立足于大学一年级学生的水平进行合适的推导,强调从该式可以推导出很多重要的公式的应用说明这一公式的＂非常重要性＂,达到使学生准确理解基本概念和灵活使用的目的,启发学生的思维性学习。     

分子有效直径对范德瓦尔斯气体热力学性质的影响

本文首先阐述了范德瓦尔斯气体的理论研究目前待解决的主要问题,在此基础上论述范德瓦尔斯气体常数a和b与分子有效直径的对应关系,探讨了分子有效直径对范德瓦尔斯气体常数a和b的影响途径;分析了范德瓦尔斯气体的内能、熵、热容量随分子直径大小不同的变化规律。