K 最短路径算法与应用分析

为应对日趋庞大的网络规模和复杂的约束条件给解决 k 最短路径问题带来的挑战,同时给 k 最短 路径在图书情报领域的研究提供建议,对研究现状和算法成果进行总结。首先,介绍 k 最短路径问题的 基本概念。其次,对国内外 k 最短路径问题的算法思想和应用领域研究进展进行梳理,算法思想包括偏 离路径算法、删除路径算法、标号算法、智能算法等,主要的应用领域有交通运输、通信网络、电力系统、 图书情报领域等。最后总结 k 最短路径待解决的问题以及未来研究的方向。     

基于改进K中心点聚类的船舶典型轨迹自适应挖掘算法

针对目前船舶典型轨迹的挖掘多以轨迹段作为基本单元,导致聚类对象较为复杂且聚类参数难以确定的问题,本文提出一种基于改进K中心点聚类的船舶典型轨迹自适应挖掘算法。算法以轨迹点作为聚类对象,分析船舶的航速、航向特征并对轨迹点进行压缩;将分段均方根误差引入K中心点聚类算法,实现聚类参数的自适应选择;提取其中的聚类中心点作为轨迹特征点,得到不同类别船舶的典型轨迹。以天津港主航道船舶自动识别系统（automatic identification system, AIS）数据为例,基于地理信息系统平台ArcGIS实现聚类结果的可视化展示。实验结果表明,运用该算法得到的船舶典型轨迹与实际相符,自适应程度较高。研究结果对于辅助船舶轨迹异常检测及挖掘海上交通特征具有重要意义。     

Technology addiction,abduction and adoption in higher education: Bird's eye view of the ICT4AD policy in Ghana 20 years on

Twenty years after its inauguration, the information communication and technology for accelerated development (ICT4AD) policy intended to transform Ghana into an information and technology-driven high-income economy through digital education has been unsuccessful. In this digital era, young adults' attachment to technological tools is anticipated to expedite technological adoption in the education sector. Still, there are less promising indicators of realizing this expectation because of situational factors that curtail technology usage and adoption in higher education (HE). It is estimated that the adoption of technology in HE will aid Ghana in using ICT as its engine of growth. This paper gauges the progress of the ICT4AD policy after two decades, presents an intricate account of why technology integration in HE in Ghana is still in its infancy and proposes interventions for sustaining and advancing the objectives of the ICT4AD policy. Drawing from an extensive review of literature on three conceptualized thematic themes relating to technology (ie, addiction, abduction and adoption), policymakers in education and stakeholders in HE will be able to identify their roles in guaranteeing the success of the promulgated ICT4AD policy. Viable areas of research are also discussed in the study.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic?

• The promulgated information communication and technology for accelerated development (ICT4AD) policy of Ghana hopes to transform the country into a technology-driven economy.
• Technology integration in education and society is still in its infancy in Ghana in this information age.

What this paper adds?

• It gauges the progress of the ICT4AD policy and presents an intricate account of why technology integration in HE in Ghana is still in its infancy and proposes interventions for sustaining and advancing the objectives of the ICT4AD policy.
• It sounds the alarm that the ICT4AD policy is at its terminal stage and calls on policymakers in education to revisit and revise the policy.
• It identifies the main factors curtailing effective technology integration in Ghana.
• It suggests promising steps for Ghana to adopt technology as its engine of growth.

Implications of this study for practice and/or policy

• It provides information to education practitioners and relevant school stakeholders on how to effectively adopt technology to develop 21st-century skills among learners.
• It explores the potential channels for policymakers in education to revisit and reinvest in the ICT4AD policy for the successful attainment of the policy objectives.
• It calls on countries with similar contexts like Ghana to adopt a multifaceted approach to drive ICT initiatives.