Effect of 6 weeks of endurance training on the lactate minimum speed

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s :age 23 +/- 4 years;body mass 69.7 +/- 9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23 +/- 4 years; body mass 72.7 +/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 ; and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 or the lactate minimum speed.In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO 2max (from 47.9 +/- 8.4 to 52.2 +/- 2.7 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3 +/- 1.7 to 13.9 +/- 1.6 km.h -1 ), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.9 +/- 1.8 km.h -1 ) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 (from 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 13.2 +/- 2.1 km.h -1 ) (all P ? 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0 +/- 0.7 to 10.9 +/- 1.7 km.h -1 ). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed,when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity.     

适应海岛旅游业发展的体育休闲旅游专业人才培养的现状与对策研究

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法对海岛体育休闲旅游专业人才培养的现状进行调查分析,阐明海岛体育休闲旅游专业人才培养目前所处的困境,从而提出适应海岛旅游业发展的体育休闲旅游业发展的体育休闲专业人才培养的对策。     

在现代科学视域下对武术训练理论的理性思考

武术训练需要从现代科学方法学的角度研究运动训练过程的一般规律,武术运动的科学性是武术训练学理论建立的基础和发展的源泉.武术训练要以技术训练为主,而技术又寓于动作之中.在武术训练过程中要注重训练方法与手段创新,此外在武术训练过程中还要强调科学性、超前性、还要强调针对性.     

青少年400m运动员训练手段与应注意的问题

本文根据400m运动项目和青少年运动员身体发育的特殊情况,并通过查阅相关文献资料,总结了近些年来国内青少年400m运动员训练的手段和在训练中应注意的问题。希望通过本文的研究,能为我国青少年400运动训练水平的提高提供理论依据。     

高校足球训练教学创新浅探

针对高校足球传统教学主要问题,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法及比较研究法等方法,对高校足球教学创新进行研究与探讨。     

论“训练感觉”

运动训练是科学与艺术的统一,训练感觉,特别是教练员、运动员直觉判断在运动训练中具有重要的意义：由于目前对训练感觉的研究很少,造成对训练感觉的认识的模糊与误区,更影响训练感觉的应有作用与有效养成。本文采用文献资料、辩证思维等方法,分析了训练感觉的意义、类别和形成。     

体育院校《运动训练学》通用教材中若干问题的探讨

现版《运动训练学》体育学院通用教材中应做如下完善:第一章前增加本学科的起源、发展等有关问题;第二章"项群训练理论"中有关内容的安排顺序进行调整;第五章中关于"训练手段分类"部分进行合并;在第七章中增加"运动员技术能力"概念本身的相关叙述;第十二章里,"一、训练课的不同类型及要求"与"二、不同任务训练课的要求"两部分合并为一部分等。     

中美篮球后备力量培养途径的比较研究

篮球运动后备力量的培养是关系到我国篮球运动是否会有突破性进展的关键。通过对中美篮球后备力量培养途径的比较研究,寻找我国篮球后备力量培养与美国篮球后备力量培养之间的差距,并对相关问题提出建议,为我国篮球后备力量的培养提供参考。     

希腊职业教育改革和发展趋势

上世纪末,希腊政府对本国职业教育和培训体系进行了较大程度的重构.变革后的希腊职业教育与培训有了较大发展,出现以下新的特征:在实行普职双轨制的同时,实现了普职相通;大力开展职业培训,统一了高中后职业资格鉴定标准;推行工学交替式职业教育与培训,鼓励社会合伙人的参与;借鉴欧盟的许多做法,逐步实现与国际接轨等.     

Academic tracking is related to gains in students' intelligence over four years: Evidence from a propensity score matching study

Ability grouping or tracking during secondary schooling is widespread. Previous research shows academic track schools are more successful than non-academic track schools in teaching mathematics, reading and foreign languages. Reasons include a more favorable student composition and higher instructional quality. However, there is less evidence that between track differences are even large enough to differentially affect the students' cognitive development. We used data from a large Hamburg panel study to test this hypothesis (N = 8628). By employing several propensity score matching algorithms we formed parallelized samples of academic track and either non-academic track students or comprehensive school students. After four years of tracking, academic track students showed considerably higher intelligence scores than their counterparts at the non-academic tracks and slightly higher scores than students at the comprehensive schools. Our results underline the importance of a cognitively stimulating learning environment in school to support students' cognitive development.