面向新世纪高校体育教师的知识、能力结构重构

本在献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查的基础上，分析总结出面向新世纪高校体育教师应具备的知识和能力结构，并就目前存在的不足提出了改进对策，为进一步提高师资队伍水平、深化高校体育改革提供参考。     

体育教学中如何培养学生的自我锻炼能力

培养学生的自我锻炼能力是体育教学改革的一个主要课题,是培养学生良好的锻炼习惯,对提高课堂教学效果,培养学生自我锻炼能力,促进学生身心健康地发展有着重要的意义。     

从危机管理过程谈图书馆形象塑造

从危机管理的危机形成阶段、危机爆发阶段、危机持续继续阶段等三个过程入手,论述现代图书馆在面临危机时如何塑造自身的良好形象,从而提高综合竞争力。     

Gender ratios at top PhD programs in economics

Analyzing university faculty and graduate students data for ten of the top U.S. economics departments between 1987 and 2007, we find persistent differences in the gender compositions of both faculty and graduate students across departments. There is a positive correlation between the share of female faculty and the share of women in the PhD class graduating six years later. Using instrumental variable analysis, we find robust evidence that this relation is causal. These results contribute to our understanding of the persistent under-representation of women in economics, as well as for the persistent segregation of women in the labor force.     

《大学物理》课程教学方法探讨

从抓好教学的各个环节和提高学生能力入手，从四个方面阐述了如何有效地组织好《大学物理》课程的教学、如何对大学物理教学方法进行改革。     

The influence of heterogeneous exposure and pre-deliberation queries on pretrial publicity effects

Prior research on pretrial publicity has produced mixed results and a roughly equal number of studies show an effect, show no effect, or show mixed results. We explored the effects of (a) homogenous vs. heterogeneous exposure (whether deliberating jurors were all exposed to the same publicity or not) and (b) pre-deliberation queries as potential contributors to mixed results. We found an effect for positive but not negative publicity on conviction rates but not evidence ratings. Exposure heterogeneity appears to explain these differences and pre-deliberation queries did appear to play some role in the obtained outcomes. Overall these findings do not replicate a robust publicity effect and future research should consider how homogeneous exposure and pre-deliberation opinion queries influence results.     

对课堂教学设计中教学目标阐明的思考

教学目标阐明在整个课堂教学设计中占据着很重要的地位。该文在概述教学目标阐明的已有研究后,反思了新的时代背景下教学目标阐明中存在的主要问题,并对此提出了个人的思考。     

基于学习共同体的中小学生学习心理机制及有效教学策略

学习共同体的学习方式有别于传统的教师主讲式的课堂授课形式。学习共同体特别强调"师-生"之间,"生-生"之间缔结一个相互联系、相互制约、彼此促进的共同体来完成学生的学习活动。基于学习共同体的中小学生学习心理机制是一种主动建构、信息加工的过程,即:"1.输入信息、注意保持、认知观念;2.加工信息、内化知识、建构系统;3.改组经验、解决问题、生成能力"。学习共同体旨在教师引导下,让学生通过自主探究、小组讨论、合作分享、获得知识、生成能力。教师实施有效的教学策略,充分发挥学习共同体的功能,会促进培养中小学生的核心素养,提升学生分析问题解决问题能力。     

Momentum sequence and environmental climate influence levels of perceived psychological momentum within a sport competition

The present study examined the influence of momentum sequence (positive vs. negative) and environmental climate (hot–wet vs. neutral) on supporters’ (i.e. virtual observers’) reported levels of perceived psychological momentum (PM) during a simulated cycling competition. Participants supported one of two competing cyclists involved in a race that was displayed on a screen in a lecture hall. The race scenario was manipulated so that the supported cyclist appeared to undergo either a positive or negative momentum sequence. In addition, participants were either exposed to a hot–wet environmental climate or to a neutral environmental climate while observing the race scenario. According to the results, reported levels of PM were higher in the positive momentum sequence condition than in the negative momentum sequence condition, consistent with the notion that supporters’ PM is influenced by a positivity bias, and reported levels of PM were also found to be higher in the hot–wet climate condition than in the neutral climate condition, consistent with the notion that environmental climate is a contextual factor that influences PM through the operation of a causal augmenting mechanism.     

浅谈有效教学的心理能力

文章探讨了促进教师教学有效性发挥的几个重要心理能力,分析了教师的倾听能力、批判反思能力、教学效能感等在有效教学过程中的作用.