Personality similarity between teachers and their students influences teacher judgement of student achievement

This study examined personality similarity between teachers and their students and its impact on teacher judgement of student achievement in the domains of reading comprehension and mathematics. Personality similarity was quantified through intraclass correlations between personality characteristics of 409 dyads of German teachers and their students. This similarity index was combined with teachers’ global and task-specific judgements of student achievement. Personality similarity has a significant effect on global judgement in both domains under study. Students who are similar to their teacher are judged more positively than students who are dissimilar, even when students’ test performance is controlled. This effect could not be verified for task-specific judgements. Results indicate that impact of potential sympathy bias in social judgements differs between different types of judgement. That is, global judgements are more likely to be biased than more specific judgements. Theoretical and educational relevance of the findings are discussed.     

在执政能力建设中永葆党的先进性

党的执政能力建设是党执政后的一项根本建设．永葆党的先进性是执政能力建设中的核心问题，新时期我们要按照“三个代表”重要思想的要求，在党的执政能力建设中永葆党的先进性，全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程。     

论阅读对发展中学生作文能力的促进作用

解决中学生作文能力低下的问题必须抓好阅读。阅读能使中学生养成书面语言习惯 ,从中掌握作文方法 ,并帮助他们形成创新思想。在这些方面有了进步 ,作文水平必然得到提高     

素质教育下的古代文学教学

古代文学教学要摆脱“边缘化”的状态，必须改变过分求知的“书斋化”偏向，将培养学生阅读和欣赏古代文学作品的能力作为主要目标，并在全民素质教育中担负起传承传统文化的责任。在总体压缩课时的情况下古代文学教学应减少史论的分量，增加作品选的分量，让学生通过对作品的感受而生发对史论的探讨。     

加强综合素质教育 培养具有创新能力的人才

对学生进行素质教育,重在创新能力的培养。文化素质教育是培养创新人才的基石,创造性思维是培养创新人才的前提,道德教育是培养创新人才的内动因。因此,必须了解创新人才的特点及创新人才对四化建设的重要意义。     

Multilevel Modeling and Ordinary Least Squares Regression: How Comparable Are They?

Studies analyzing clustered data sets using both multilevel models (MLMs) and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression have generally concluded that resulting point estimates, but not the standard errors, are comparable with each other. However, the accuracy of the estimates of OLS models is important to consider, as several alternative techniques (e.g., bootstrapping) used when analyzing clustered data sets only make adjustments to standard errors but not to the regression coefficients. Using a Monte Carlo simulation, we analyzed 54,000 data sets using both MLM and OLS under varying conditions and we show that coefficients of not just OLS models, but MLMs as well, may be biased when relevant higher-level variables are omitted from a model, a situation that is likely to occur when using large-scale, secondary data sets. However, we demonstrate that by including aggregated level-one variables at the higher level, the resulting bias can be effectively removed.     

也谈体育教学改革

体育教学改革是必要的。为了适应体育教学改革的新形势，通过联系实际，在教学内容、教学方法、培养目标、评价体系以及自我修养等方面都进行了改革，并取得了一定的成效。从而使教师们对教学改革增强了信心，坚定了决心。     

中学物理言语能力的培养

掌握语言 ,发展言语能力 ,不仅是获取知识的必要条件 ,也是发展思维能力的前提。在中学物理教学中必须加强物理言语能力的培养。     

职前教师协作写作中反思能力发展轨迹研究——基于认知网络分析法

反思是促进教师专业发展的重要能力。因此,越来越多的教育工作者关注职前教师反思能力的培养。然而,由于反思的过程具有不可见性,使得追踪职前教师的反思能力发展轨迹十分困难。认知网络分析(ENA)提供了一种量化定性数据中认知框架元素之间关系的方法。该文分析了30名职前教师在完成两个阶段协作脚本写作任务后的反思日记。基于ENA,探究在线协作写作中职前教师反思类型及元认知策略之间的关系,并追踪其反思能力发展轨迹。研究发现,在活动过程中,职前教师整体反思能力发展呈上升趋势。一开始,职前教师的反思主要集中在对小组内容的描述;在完成协作写作活动之后,则转向对小组方法的讨论和个人收获的评价与总结。研究结果揭示了协作写作活动中职前教师的反思能力发展轨迹,为后续开展教师反思能力培养提供了参考。     

从"偏见观"看译者的创造性叛逆

本文从伽达默尔哲学阐释学理解的历史性和偏见观的概念着手,分析在翻译活动中作为阐释者的译者对原作的创造性叛逆这一客观现象的合理性和不可避免性,指出译者的主体性应得到重视。