高考政策的国家利益优先性探讨

高考政策属于国家的公共政策。作为高校招生考试,高考应该坚持高等教育领域的国家利益优先性,但因为高考政策同时涉及为高校输送新生的基础教育领域的国家利益,而且基础教育领域的国家利益比高等教育领域的国家利益影响更为广泛、更为久远,所以高考政策应在为高校选拔新生的同时,坚持基础教育领域的国家利益优先。但现实却是,有些高考政策使基础教育领域的国家利益优先性体现不充分。这就要求高考政策进行必要的、及时的改革。     

Identifying and developing rugby talent among 10-year-old boys: A practical model

The re-entry of South Africa into the international sporting arena and the resultant need for the identification and development of talent, especially among formerly deprived groups of people, provided the incentive for this study. Its aim was to identify the physical, motor and anthropometric variables that will enable coaches to identify 10-year-old boys, based on their abilities, who could become successful rugby players. Altogether, 173 ten-year-old boys with no rugby experience from a cross-section of the population were selected at random and subjected to 14 physical and motor tests and 14 anthropometric measurements. From 22 schools which participated in the Western Transvaal primary schools under-11 rugby league, the three top teams (n = 45 individuals) were selected and also tested. The results from these three teams were used as the criteria for rugby talent among 10-year-old boys. To establish the best predictors of talent, a stepwise discriminant analysis was conducted: this indicated eight variables (four motor and four anthropometric) that discriminated maximally between the talented and the rest of the players of this age. With classification functions based on these eight variables, 93.8% of all the subjects were classified correctly, indicating good validity. A canonical analysis, based on the selected variables, was then conducted on all the under-11 teams that played in the league in the region (n = 330), and they were ranked according to the scores of the first canonical variable from the most to the least talented. By comparing these results with the players who were chosen for the region's primary schools team, a success rate of 88% in prediction of talent was established. We conclude that this is a successful and practical method to aid the teacher and the coach in selecting and developing talent among 10-year-old rugby players in South Africa.     

法国高考招生制度及其启示

法国的高考,即"业士考试"具有考试种类丰富和考试形式多样性的特点,其中考试种类分普通业士考试、技术业士考试和职业业士考试,每一类考试里面又分很多序列。考试形式仍以书面形式为主,但还设有口试、自选考、学生手册和补考等来综合确定学生的考试成绩;招生制度则根据高校的类型,则可分为广纳式和筛选式。     

Stress and anxiety surrounding forthcoming Standard Assessment Tests in English schoolchildren

The Standard Assessment Tests (SATs) taken by pupils in their final year of primary schooling in England have been widely criticised for placing children under too pressure and contributing to an increase in test-related stress and anxiety. In this exploratory study we set out to explore the experiences of forthcoming SATs in a small sample of children using an appraisal model of stress and to reflect on whether these criticisms are justified. Results from focus groups with pupils and interviews with class and head teachers suggested that there was diversity in pupils’ experiences their tests. The pressures associated with SATs did not necessarily lead to negative outcomes and some children described SATs in more positive ways, as challenging rather than threatening. Self-worth judgements played a central role in individual-level appraisal and may also provide a useful link to discourses surrounding the value of academic credentials.     

新课改对考试异化的校正

长期以来,社会各界密切关注考试的发展和改革,第八次新课改掀取了考试改革的又一次新浪潮。在此种背景之下,在描述对考试与考试制度的社会混淆入手的同时,分析此种误读的社会原因,从而试图运用新课改这一契机对考试制度进行技术改革,赋予考试的本质回归,并呼吁社会从制度、法律和观念上对新课改下考试制度的改革给予积极支持。     

浅谈自考教材信息搜集

自考教材信息对教材建设、规划、编写及开考计划都有影响。要强化自考教材信息意识。计算机是管理发展的必然趋势，也是搜集信息最为迅速、最为广泛的途径。     

科举考试中舞弊与防弊的现代教育考试管理启思

在历时1300年的科举考试当中,始终存在舞弊与防弊的尖锐斗争。科举考试中的舞弊行为可以分为考前舞弊、考试当中的现场舞弊和考后阅卷录取舞弊三大类。少数违规者的舞弊行径,不仅累及绝大多数清白士子,甚至在一定程度上挟持了整个科举考试的管理理念、管理制度和管理措施。今天,考试中的舞弊行为有愈演愈烈之势,舞弊行为也表现出一些新的动向和特点,如高科技化、团伙化、职业化、内外勾结等。治理考试舞弊,需要多管齐下,使考生不想舞弊、不敢舞弊、不能舞弊、不需舞弊。在防范和打击舞弊的同时,还需科学处理严格管理与以人为本的关系、防范舞弊与代价适度的关系、考试内容与管理手段的关系。     

涉外护士在相关国际英语水平考试中应注意的中英文化差异

中国护理学生去国外留学或工作的首要条件之一就是英语必须通过托福TOEFL或雅思IELTS考试,如果去美国从事护理工作,还得通过CGFNS(美国)海外护士资格考试.因此,涉外护士要顺利通过这些相关国际英语水平考试,了解这些考试中的中英文化背景、道德观念、宗教信仰等方面差异,如"对病与对人"的护理观念方面的差异;中英语言形式、描述方式、思维模式等至关重要.     

学校教育考试究竟试什么

学校教育考试不仅是教育评价的技术手段,且是教育活动的有机组 成部分,是一种特殊的"化人"活动。学校教育考试价值及其内容出现偏差,不在 于人们是否知晓考试的价值及内容,而在于人们是否视自己为考试的受益者,是 否视考试为人们的生存方式和发展方式。教育者应养成充分把握、科学运用考试 的职业素养和行为习惯,受教育者应自觉参加考试,自信挑战考试,娴熟驾驭考 试,以考试规范自我行为,把增知长才与人格完善有机结合,把学习由兴趣逐步 引向乐趣、志趣.使自己成为全面发展、健康快乐的人。这是学校教育考试当试且 可试之内容。