学术博客知识交流与共享心理诱因研究

学术博客为科研人员实现知识交流与共享提供了新途径。以SSCI和CNKI相关文献为分析对象,采用文献调研法和文献计量分析法,归纳总结博客知识交流与共享的主要动因以及六个理论背景:社会认知理论、社会交换理论、社会资本理论、推理行动理论、技术接受模型理论和使用与满足理论。以社会资本理论、社会交换理论和公共物品困境理论为理论基础,构建学术博客知识交流与共享的心理诱因模型,旨在探索私欲、忧虑感和价值怀疑的负向作用,乐于助人、声誉和人际信任的正向作用,以及人际信任对声誉、私欲、忧虑感和价值怀疑的调节作用。     

科研团队中知识粘滞的影响因素研究

知识粘滞是阻碍知识转移的决定性因素,降低知识粘滞程度,提高知识转移绩效,是提升科研团队能力,实现合作创新的关键。本研究通过探索科研过程中知识粘滞形成的动因和作用因素,运用知识转移理论、系统动力学理论的分析方法,在情境建模基础上,构建基于知识转移的知识粘滞演化动力模型;动态模拟认知因素、转移情境以及转移动机三个维度对知识粘滞的影响关系,从宏观方面探索科研团队中隐性知识粘滞的演化路径,从微观方面剖析各因素对知识粘滞的影响机理。实验结果显示:知识粘滞程度受不同因素影响呈现不同的演化特征,随着双方认知吻合度的增长表现为先匀速增长后保持不变、最后呈指数增长的趋势;激励机制和外部压力等因素对知识粘滞的影响呈现阶段性特点,过大会引起团队内部“搭便车”现象,产生一定的致弱作用;转移动机与知识粘滞之间具有较强的负相关关系,知识吸收能力越强,知识的增长速度越快,受知识粘滞的影响就越小。研究科研团队中各影响因素对知识粘滞的震荡作用,对指导科研团队建设和提高科研能力具有重要的现实意义。图6。表1。参考文献32。     

论王守仁对明代贵州书院教育的贡献

明朝正德初年,王守仁疏救南京科道官戴铣、薄彦徽等忠良,得罪宦官刘瑾,被谪戍贵州龙场任驿丞。此间,王守仁创建龙冈书院、主讲文明书院,他开启明代贵州创建书院教育之风、通过书院教育培养大批才俊、建立书院教育管理模式并在学术上为黔中王学的产生奠定基础。     

Researcher-led academic development

In this study, members of a higher education department explore their research activity and how it influences their practice as academic developers in a research-led institution. While the research activities of the team members appear diverse, they are all underpinned by a shared set of professional values to provide an anchor for these activities. Research-as-pedagogy and the relationship between the discourses of research and teaching are explored using Bernstein’s knowledge structures. The authors conclude that differences in research focus (horizontal discourse) provide dynamism across a department and that stability is provided through the underpinning core values inherent in the vertical discourse.     

The use of scoring rubrics: Reliability, validity and educational consequences

Several benefits of using scoring rubrics in performance assessments have been proposed, such as increased consistency of scoring, the possibility to facilitate valid judgment of complex competencies, and promotion of learning. This paper investigates whether evidence for these claims can be found in the research literature. Several databases were searched for empirical research on rubrics, resulting in a total of 75 studies relevant for this review. Conclusions are that: (1) the reliable scoring of performance assessments can be enhanced by the use of rubrics, especially if they are analytic, topic-specific, and complemented with exemplars and/or rater training; (2) rubrics do not facilitate valid judgment of performance assessments per se. However, valid assessment could be facilitated by using a more comprehensive framework of validity when validating the rubric; (3) rubrics seem to have the potential of promoting learning and/or improve instruction. The main reason for this potential lies in the fact that rubrics make expectations and criteria explicit, which also facilitates feedback and self-assessment.     

学习文件夹评价法的理论与方法

学习文件夹是用于收藏学习活动过程中的学习记录的。学习文件夹评价法是根据这些记录来估计学习目标实际达到的程度 ,由此来修正学习方向的一种评价方法。它的关注点是学习活动过程。评价活动由追究、修正和回顾等构成。评价的对象除知识、态度外 ,尤其注重技能、倾向性、创造性等需要长期努力才能形成的综合能力。它的基本原理是 :评价是为了促进学习 ,它必须根植于学习过程之中。因此 ,学习文件夹既是物品 ,又是一种思想方法 ,还是一种做法     

The developmental interplay of academic self-concept and achievement within and across domains among primary school students

The reciprocal internal/external frame of reference model (RI/EM) extends the internal/external frame of reference model (I/EM) over time and the reciprocal effects model (REM) across domains. The RI/EM postulates positive developmental relations between academic achievement and self-concept within a domain and negative relations across two non-matching domains (e.g., math and English). However, until now, empirical investigations of the RI/EM had only focused on secondary school students from specific countries. In the present study, we test whether the RI/EM also applies to primary school students and to students in the United States, by using a representative longitudinal data set: the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten (ECLS-K: 1998–1999). We found positive reciprocal relations between academic self-concept and standardized test scores within a domain, whereas the effect of prior achievement on self-concept was much stronger (skill-development part) than the effect of self-concept on achievement (self-enhancement). Furthermore, we found negative effects of achievement on subsequent self-concepts across domains (I/E frame of references). Overall, the findings of the study strongly support the RI/EM for primary school students. Our results are compared to previous findings in the literature for secondary school students and are discussed with regard to self-concept formation in primary school.     

HPLC法测定注射用头孢地嗪钠的含量

目的：用高效液相色谱法测定注射用头孢地嗪钠的含量。方法：用十八烷基键合硅胶为填充荆;以磷酸盐缓冲液（取磷酸二氢钾0．87g与无水磷酸氢二钠0．22昏加水溶解并稀释至1000ml,摇匀）～乙腈（920：80）k／2流动相,检测波长为262nm,流速为1．0ml／min。结果：该方法在20ug／ml-100ug／ml范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为Y=6．7755E-6×＋3．8871E-03（r=0．99996）,回收率为99．3％,重复性实验RSD=0．47％,n=5,结论：方法简便,快速,准确,适用于该产品质量控制。     

A psychometric measurement model for adult English language learners: Pearson Test of English Academic

The aim of this study was to apply Rasch modeling to an examination of the psychometric properties of the Pearson Test of English Academic (PTE Academic). Analyzed were 140 test-takers' scores derived from the PTE Academic database. The mean age of the participants was 26.45 (SD = 5.82), ranging from 17 to 46. Conformity of the participants' performance on the 86 items of PTE Academic Form 1 of the field test was evaluated using the partial credit model. The person reliability coefficient was .96, and item reliability was .99. The results showed that no significant differential item functioning was found across subgroups of gender and spoken-language context, indicating that the item data approximated the Rasch model. The findings of this study validated the test stability of PTE Academic as a useful measurement tool for English language learners' academic English assessment.     

基于局域网的网络性能测试研究

随着中小型网络的迅速发展,局域网应用逐渐成为人们学习、工作和生活的重要组成部分,在局域网建成后,为实现资源共享的最大化,大量上网络应用系统,容易造成局域网运行中网络阻塞,网络设备故障频发,甚至灾难性的瘫痪,针对这一问题,根据国际通用网络性能测试标准,提出测试参考模型,设定测试指标,从局域网组建、应用到维护等不同阶段的网络性能测试,检测局域网中网络线路和设备的性能指标,利用之判断和排除局域网中的故障和隐患。