A new approach to increase the attainable rice yield in intensive irrigated rice systems of Zhejiang province, China

A new site-specific nutrient management approach was developed to break the apparent attainable yield barrier of 6 t·ha⁻¹ in the double rice cropping system of Zhejiang. On-farm experiments involving 21 rice-growing farmer families and NPK long-term experiments commenced in 1997 in the central part of Zhejiang Province to assess the status of soil fertility and productivity under intensive rice-rice cropping. A new site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) approach has been developed for this studied area. Field-specific fertilizer recommendations are calculated considering indigenous nutrient supply, reasonable grain yield targets and corresponding nutrient demand, nutrient balance and nutrient use efficiency, as well as socio-economic factors. The agronomic performance of SSNM was tested against the farmer's fertilizer practice (FFP) in four 1998–1999 cropping seasons. Across seasons and years, SSNM consistently increased plant nutrient uptake, grain yield and profit by about 10%–15% compared to the FFP. Yield levels of 7.5 t·ha⁻¹ or more seem achievable and sustainable through introduction of SSNM and improved extension services in Zhejiang Province. Project supported by the International Fertilizer Industry Association(IFA), the Potash and Phosphate Institute, Canada (PPIC), and International Potash Institute(IPI).     

Rethinking researcher–teacher roles and relationships in educational action research through the use of Nel Noddings’ ethics of care

ABSTRACT

Action research approaches have evolved out of a criticism of previous research traditions, where teachers have been seen as research objects, at risk of being marginalized. Such approaches have also arisen out of the view that teaching, learning, and educational research are interrelated. In action research, teachers are seen as professionals, raising their status to subjects, conducting own research. The research is carried out with or by people rather than on someone, which changes the roles and relationships. Ethical dilemmas can arise, especially evident in action research, where the distinctions between researcher and researched are blurred or removed altogether. This paper aims to explore the changing roles and relationships between researchers and teachers in action research through a philosophical analysis based on the writings of Nel Noddings, especially the concept of ethics of care. The analysis creates an opportunity for a rethinking of researcher–teacher roles, focusing on responsibility and knowledge as well as reciprocity and communication. Based on the author’s own action research experiences, various dilemmas are discussed. Obstacles to and opportunities for developing caring relationships between researchers and teachers will also be highlighted. The implications of the study include valuing both researcher and teacher expertise and learning to understand each other’s perspectives as well as giving tailored care. It is also vital to find strategies to contextualize and enact these views and beliefs within the researcher–teacher relationship. Neither researchers nor teachers will have total control over the process, as they stay open to each other’s perspectives and needs based on a caring relationship.     

三亚邮轮旅游市场潜力预测

邮轮旅游是国际旅游业中增长幅度较大的业务之一,三亚的邮轮旅游自凤凰岛国际邮轮码头投入使用以来,发展也步入快车道。通过三次指数平滑法对三亚旅游市场的总游客人数进行预测,并在此基础上结合国际经验中邮轮游客占总游客量的比率,进一步估测三亚邮轮旅游的游客市场规模。预测显示三亚邮轮旅游市场的发展潜力巨大,增长速度较快,为深入推动三亚邮轮旅游市场发展提供了保证。     

西南边疆现代民族高等教育发展动向的SWOT分析——以云南为例

在全面建设区域和谐社会、加速发展西南边疆现代民族高等教育的背景下,运用SWOT分析云南现代民族高等教育历史及现状,将有助于我们对其未来改革和发展有一个更清醒、更客观的认识,也可为西南边疆民族地区建设高等教育大省、人力资源强省提供借鉴。     

福建师范大学印尼留学生汉语速成教学模式初探

文章从汉语速成教学的实质出发,以印尼阿拉扎大学孔子学院选派的首批优秀中文专业学生赴福建师范大学留学班为例,初步探讨了福建师范大学印尼留学生汉语速成教学模式,即最优化地利用各种教学因素并充分挖掘和调动各方面的潜能,从而解决好＂速＂与＂成＂的矛盾。     

均匀带电薄圆盘和薄宽圆环静电势的数值研究

用叠加原理和数值积分法,分别对均匀带电薄圆盘和薄宽圆环的静电势进行数值研究.绘制了电势的空间分布图及其等势线图.     

共焦椭球形电容器的电容

讨论分析了共焦椭球形电容器的电势和电容,并得到其解析表达式,在研究和学习中开拓新的物理模型.     

‘Upturned participation’ and youth work: using a Critical Utopian Action Research approach to foster engagement

ABSTRACT

This article reflects on how participatory processes inspired by action research hold a genuine potential for developing social educational work in a more democratic way. We present our concept of ‘Upturned Participation’, which is built upon the methodological framework of Critical Utopian Action Research. First Critical Utopian Action Research is introduced briefly, including a presentation of the core method of the action research approach. We then present an extract from an action research project aimed at creating space for participation for marginalized young people in the area of Copenhagen. On this basis, we reflect on how the ideas of the young people could influence the field of social work. The article addresses contemporary challenges and opportunities for creating development in the field of youth work or social work through participatory processes with marginalized young people.     

行动的本质特征与心理的因果性

行动是人所独有的运动方式，是人的特殊本质之一。关于行动的分析、解释以及与之相联系的心理因果性问题是当代西方心灵哲学研究的重要领域。本文从分析行动的本质特征入手，探讨了围绕行动的解释、心理因果性及其可能性根据、心理内容的因果性等所展开的阐释、争论及其意义。     

潜在产出计算方法评析

本文在总结分析国内外潜在产出的计算方法的基础上,指出国外官方组织普遍认同以经济理论为依据的生产函数法计算潜在产出,我国则普遍通过统计方法分解得出潜在产出。二者在计算潜在产出时均存在一定的缺陷,我国采用的统计分解方法有主观性和偏差性较大的缺点,应加以改进。