Jakob Leupold's Imaginary Automatic Anamorphic Devices of 1713

In 1713, the scientific instrument-maker Jakob Leupold published designs for three machines were the first attempt to design machinery with internal moving parts that replaced human agency in creating original images. This paper first analyzes his text and engravings in order to explain how he proposed to do this, given contemporary materials and command of physical forces. Next, it characterizes the devices as a transition from concepts of incision to concepts of mirroring, taken as models of the history of mechanical reproduction. And finally, Leupold’s replacement of the sighting grid with differential gears points to a set of problems appearing in contemporary philosophy represented in Rococo artistic production of this period as well. Taking the proposed devices in context, they help to theorize the complex notions of creative activity in Rococo visual culture. Taken as an episode in the history of communications, they instance the development of conceptions of personhood and of physical forces at stake in the invention of automated media.     

From Magicians to Teachers

Summary

Electronic reference is a large part of today's library. Computer technology has clearly been the dominant catalyst for change in library service over the last few decades. Reference service has changed along with the prevailing technology. An exclusive group of searchers serviced electronic information requests during the online searching craze of the 1970s and 1980s. In the library of today, this model of electronic reference is no longer operational. Electronic information is now available to anyone on a computer terminal. In response, all librarians have become familiar with computer technology, and have a new emphasis on teaching and basic information literacy. This article will examine how this came to be, and the technologies that helped make it happen.     

Student Responses to Using a Computerized Database

Summary

An overwhelming majority (94%) of surveyed students rely on assistance from librarians (80%), professors (9%), and friends (5%) when using ERIC-on-CDROM, even when they are not first-time users. Almost three-quarters of the students report that ERIC-on-CDROM improves research quality (74%) and learning (70%) and evokes feelings of motivation and accomplishment (72%). All students indicate that they will return to use ERIC-on-CDROM but only 39% feel capable of transferring their skills to similar databases. Responses indicate that ERIC-on-CDROM contributes to highly individualized learning situations in which students successfully find information through assistance from both humans and computers.     

Trends in Public Library Design from the 19th to the 21st Centuries

In the early 19th century, public libraries in America tended toward grand appearances befitting seriousness of purpose. Library design changed gradually throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, and more dramatically with automation and new technology. True to its roots, the public library continues to maintain areas for quiet, individual study. But, in addition, today’s library has become a cultural center in the community, offering art galleries, auditoriums, meeting rooms, spaces for collaborative work, digital information and instruction, and even cafés. Change is inevitable, as innovations in library design and patron use illustrate. Yet, from the earliest libraries to modern times, one overarching constant defines their purpose: libraries inspire.     

“感觉”的运用实现了科学歌唱发声状态培养的简化

一切的声乐技能都是靠自己的意识来控制发声器官的,按照意识预定要求进行动作结果的。发声的各个器官的互相搭配其实也是人的一种本能的意识反应,建立科学发声状态是通过自身感觉的调控,使复杂的肌肉运动准确化、歌唱运用共鸣和呼吸合理化、技巧的掌握简单化,最后实现演唱的自动化。     

High Res at High Speed: Automated Delivery of High-Resolution Images from Digital Library Collections

As primary source materials in the library are digitized and made available online, the focus of related library services is shifting to include new and innovative methods of digital delivery via social media, digital storytelling, and community-based and consortial image repositories. Most images on the Web are not of sufficient quality for most media outlets, so what happens when patrons require high-resolution versions of images for use in their print publications or projects? Until recently, patrons at the University of Houston Libraries used a clunky, paper-based request process for high-resolution images that was frustrating for them and time-consuming for staff. The authors of this article outline how an interdepartmental team of University of Houston Libraries staff used Drupal to develop an automated patron request system that is modeled after online shopping cart experiences and integrates with the CONTENTdm-based University of Houston Digital Library. The article provides suggestions for libraries with digital collections about how to create a system that efficiently captures patron requests and streamlines staff delivery of high-resolution files.     

论区域性服务主导型数字图书馆之技术与理念

在数字图书馆联盟阶段,我们要推广的是需求驱动性的服务主导型意识,力求引领信息资源与系统技术朝着更加便利于用户操作的方向发展。     

无线情报服务系统快捷构建技术研究

无线情报服务系统的重要支撑技术是计算机手机短信收发技术,本文提出了基于ActivX控件及GSM Modem的快捷技术解决方案,给出了相应的短信收发程序实例。     

ActiveX技术在机械密封数据采集系统中的应用

结合实际开发了基于LabVIEW使用ActiveX技术访问Microsoft Access数据库的方法及使用ActiveX技术调用Word VBA生成报表的方法。采用此种方法解决了机械密封数据采集系统的数据记录及报表生成问题,实际使用证明取得了较好的效果。