Factors associated with the type of violence perpetrated against adolescents in the state of Pernambuco,Brazil

To analyze the factors associated with the types of violence against adolescents reported in Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2009 to 2012. Prevalence study conducted through an electronic database from the Violence Surveillance Official System in a population of 5259 adolescents (aged 10–19 years). Poisson regression was used, with significance level at 5%. There was a significant increase of 204% in the number of violence reports, and the number of reporting units increased by 92.6%. When separately evaluated, physical violence was the most prevalent type, accounting for 44.7% of the reports. Taking as independent variables the age range of 15–19 years, female, having no disability, and public roads as place of occurrence, the positively and independently associated factors were: male gender (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.4–1.6) with physical violence; having deficiency (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5–2.0) with psychological violence; age range of 10–14 years (PR 2.4, 95% CI 2.2–2.6) with sexual assault; and male (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.0–7.5), having disabilities (PR 4.6, 95% CI 2.7–9.7), and occurrence in residence (PR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3–6.1) with neglect. Age between 10 to 14 years was associated with the occurrence of sexual assault; male with the occurrence of physical violence and neglect; having disabilities with psychological violence and neglect; and occurrence in the residence was associated with neglect.     

‘It's The Catcher in the Rye… He said it was the kind of book you made your own': Finding Holden in Contemporary YA Literature

Published in 1951,The Catcher in the Rye encapsulated teenage angst. Some time ago David Belbin mused about the influence of Catcher on the proliferation and popularity of YA literature. Salinger's recent death has sparked a renewed interest in his work and more attention on Holden and his inheritors. This article discusses how five recent adolescent novels, with male protagonists, mirror Holden's adolescent paralysis. They exist in a liminal state between childhood and adulthood, attempting to understand the phonies around them. These protagonists help define the nature of the ‘lost’ adolescent in the current golden age of YA literature.     

面向新生的“微视频+代入式体验”信息素养教育研究

[目的/意义]基于建构主义学习理论，借鉴翻转课堂先进理念，以提高个人信息素养能力的初学者为主要教育研究对象，调研分析其个性特征、信息行为和教育方式偏好。[方法/过程]通过调研分析，总结教育方式与学生需求之间的矛盾成因，提出面向新生的"微视频+代入式体验"信息素养教育创新模式，着重分析模式特点、构建策略和实施方案，并提出可行性组织策略。[结果/结论]"微视频+代入式体验"信息素养教育新模式，综合运用微视频所特有的视觉冲击力，克服教师语言抽象化的不足，同时通过代入式情境体验，完成知识吸收内化、高层次思维认知，有效提升学生的信息素养综合能力。     

Libraries and Spatial Literacy: Toward Next-Generation Education

The role of the library is to assist citizens in skills development critical to national interest and empowerment as literacy ambassadors, in general. Specifically, the work by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (1994) indicates that spatial literacy is for every citizen and not just a set of workforce specialists. Hence, the use of maps in decision making and problem solving will become fundamental to all professions, including library professionals. Thus, a spatial literacy awareness and rationale for such as standard job ability is discussed as a future librarian workforce proficiency and knowledge transfer medium.     

Part 1. If We Frame It,They Will Respond: Undergraduate Student Responses to the Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education

There remains significant confusion surrounding the purpose, audience, and proposed application of the Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education. This exploratory study addresses the question of whether undergraduate students can understand the language and concepts in this document. By presenting student responses to pretest questions recorded at the beginning of a semester-long research methods course, this article shows that students can, even on first impression, begin to make sense of the complexity and richness found in the Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education.     

How can children with mild literacy difficulties be supported at the transition to secondary school? A small‐scale quasi‐experimental study

There is evidence that pupils with weak literacy skills struggle on transition to secondary school. Many experience a drop in attainment in the summer break between the two. A British government‐funded programme of rigorously designed research on boosting literacy at transition had (by 2015) found only four of 15 interventions evaluated had positive effects. This small‐scale quasi‐experimental study investigated the effectiveness of support for pupils with mild literacy difficulties on transition to secondary school. Thirty‐two pupils in three schools were involved; half received the programme. Pairs were matched on reading, spelling, age and gender. Intervention was designed around the individual needs of each pupil, focusing variously on language skills, writing, reading and spelling. The group receiving the programme made modest gains in spelling, reading efficiency and single word reading. The comparison group lost ground, relatively, in all three areas. The results suggest a promising line for more rigorous investigation.     

Children's responses to the interactivity of storybook apps in family shared reading events involving the iPad

This paper reports on some data on the effects of screen‐based interactivity on children's engagement with storybook apps during family shared book reading that were gathered in a 2‐year, small‐scale ethnographic case study in Spain. Data analysis focuses on the complex interplay between the storybook app's interactive features and the children's responses to them. Our findings show that interactive elements increase the child's autonomy, as they tend to promote the importance of the reader, positioning him or her as a collaborator, storyteller, an author or an internal character in the fiction; something that can materialise in exciting narrative strategies that can trigger powerful responses to digital literary texts in emergent readers, including playing, creating new fictions or engaging emotionally with the story. Finally, we argue that the Reader Response models that have been used over recent decades to understand children's reading experiences with storybooks need to be revised to better understand their current experiences with interactive texts.     

"学教并重"网络教学结构中教师网络素养浅谈

“学教并重”的网络教学结构既重视学生的学习主体地位,又强调教师的教学主导作用,能较好地适应网络教学模式的需要。网络教学环境的特殊性,要求教师具备全方位的网络素养以正确实施这种网络教学结构所需的教学行为。教师网络素养主要由网络意识、技术、信息、交往和教学素养等内涵构成。     

中国四省市与新加坡学生科学素养表现之比较——基于PISA2015数据的分析

PISA2015科学素养测试结果于2016年底正式公布后,受到社会各界的广泛关注。研究者从OECD在线公布的数据库中选取中国四省市与新加坡的有关数据,对两个经济体15岁在校生的科学素养表现进行比较分析,并通过多水平分析探讨影响学生科学素养的关键因素。结果发现:中国四省市学生在科学素养测试总量表及各分量表上的成绩均非常显著地低于新加坡学生,分差在32.82~43.29之间,效应量达到中等强度;中国四省市学生在工具性动机上得分非常显著地高于新加坡学生,但在科学乐趣与科学自我效能得分上非常显著地低于新加坡学生;在影响因素方面,家庭经济、社会和文化地位、科学乐趣、科学课纪律氛围、教师中科学教师的比例等因素对两个经济体的学生成绩具有显著正向预测效应,但考试焦虑、工具性动机、教师探究式教学等因素表现出显著的负向预测效应。中国四省市要有意识地借鉴新加坡教育经验,改革与完善科学教育,具体建议有:(1)进一步推动课程与教学改革,重视探究式教学与学生批判性思维的培养;(2)加强学校人力资源管理,提高教师专业水平;(3)关注学生非认知表现,激发学生科学学习的内部动机。     

基于批判性思维和创造力的我国大学生信息素养教育模式研究

信息素养、批判性思维、创造力是21世纪大学生必需掌握的核心技能,研究并揭示三者的内在影响机制,对于促进高等教育信息素养教育观念的转变,制订信息素养标准,进而优化信息素养教育模式,具有重要意义。本文采用问卷调查方法获取我国大学生信息素养、批判性思维能力和创造力状况的基本数据。通过回归分析和中介效应分析发现:信息素养、批判性思维对创造力影响显著,批判性思维在信息素养对创造力的影响中存在显著中介效应。通过路径分析发现:信息评估能力和信息利用能力通过批判性思维的中介作用更能促进创造力,信息素养通过分析能力和系统化能力更能够激发创造力,信息搜索能力通过系统化能力能够最大程度激发创造力;信息搜索能力、信息评估能力、信息利用能力是信息素养的核心能力,分析能力、系统化能力是批判性思维的核心能力。研究结果表明:在信息素养教育中融合批判性思维的培养能较大程度地提高大学生的创造力。根据调研结果及相关理论研究,本文提出融合批判性思维的信息素养教育与专业课程教育的整合模式,即ILi CTi C模式,并提出实现该模式的系统方案,以期为推进我国大学生信息素养教育提供参考。