基于大学生个体进步幅度的体育考核与评价方法的研究

随着高等学校体育课程改革的不断深入和发展,单一的、传统的、教条的体育课程考核评价体系正逐渐被全面的、新兴的、发展性的动态体育课程考核评价体系所替代。文章基于新的课程考核与评价体系,坚持以人为本的原则,着重以大学生的个体进步幅度作为高校体育考核与评价的主要方法,全面深化体育教学俱乐部的改革,为逐步完善高校体育课程建设,推动高校体育课程深化改革和发展提供现实参考。     

"双一流"高校博士生"申请—考核制"制度设计与实践特征

以2019年东、中、西和东北部地区14所双一流高校的293份博士生招生简章作为研究样本,从申请条件、选拔方式、选拔标准、考核评分、保障机制和信息咨询六个方面构建指标观测体系。结果显示,总体上博士生"申请-考核制"表现为申请条件偏重综合能力考察,但存在考生出身限制;选拔方式偏重主观选拔方式,客观选拔方式相对弱化;选拔和评分标准模糊,招生自由裁量权过大;保障机制不健全,招生透明度有待提高。从地区来看,东部地区重门槛轻考核;中部地区重考核轻门槛;西部地区重门槛和考核轻保障;东北部地区重考核和保障轻处罚公开。基于此,研究提出了进一步优化完善我国博士生"申请-考核制"的基本思路。     

Morphological,phonological, and orthographic differences between the spelling of normally achieving children and basic literacy adults

In this study, we compared 41 adults in a basic literacy class with 92 achievement-level-matched children on their use of English print conventions, as inferred by a qualitative analysis of spelling errors. The two groups followed similar patterns in their mastery of basic spelling features, including letter reversals, consonant blends, and short vowels, with the adults showing relatively more advanced skill in using orthographic patterns. However, the adults made a preponderance of misspellings that were rarely made by the children, including omissions, substitutions, and additions of derivational and inflectional morphemes, and neglect of word endings in general. The findings indicate clear morphological difficulties along with more subtle phonological coding deficits. We suggest that low literacy adults would benefit from specific direct instruction in linguistic analysis, with particular attention to the morphological principles underlying inflections and derivations. Such instruction should be based on a careful assessment of reading and spelling knowledge.     

Differences of math anxiety groups based on two measurements,MASS and EEG

This article investigated how mathematic anxiety (MA) of Korean middle school students could be reduced by comparing analytically their cognitive neuroscience and questionnaire results. We developed a three-hour Complex Treatment Program (CTP) on quadratic functions for the study. In the summer of 2016, we collected data of the pre and post MA questionnaires by Mathematics Anxiety Scale for Students (MASS), the percent of correct answers (PCA) and reaction time (RT) by E-prime program, and also brain-imaging data of the event related potentials (ERP) by Electroencephalograph (EEG) using computer-based functional F-G model. The result indicated the CTP to be effective with the group with higher math anxiety and the group with higher achievement respectively. The MASS result was verified with the better performance of PCA on type G, which was measured by E-prime program. Some interesting patterns were revealed on brain-imaging data by EEG, indicating more brain activities with the MA groups.     

泛化背景下大学生学习行为数据壁垒破解研究

基于相关文献回顾,认为在数字技术背景下,大学生学习行为泛化趋势明显,带来了促进学习内容多样化的正面影响以及割裂学习连续性,减低学习内容深度的负面影响。通过问卷调查,得出“当前学习行为数据壁垒是阻碍潜在数据利益实现”的结论,并提出从“打破数据割据、连通数据孤岛和规范合理使用数据”三个方面整合数据的建议。     

道德需要教育——基于大学生德育的视角

道德需要是一种特殊的、高级的社会性需要,确证了道德主体的存在,具有明显的价值特性,是具有先天本源性基础的需要。建立在完全自律的基础上,通过"奉献"被满足,具有明显的倾向性和巨大的驱动性。大学生道德需要教育是价值引导下的自主建构过程,是大学生与道德文化的双向互化活动,是师生相互理解并通过交往而实现的过程。     

试论职教改革视域下加强高职学生制度自信教育的重要意义

目前,我国正处于深化职业教育改革的关键时期,国家为促进职业教育发展出台了《国家职业教育改革实施方案》并对职业教育发展提出了新要求,同时高职学生的生源成分、思想政治状况、国际国内局势以及国家对高职人才的要求也都出现了新变化。加强高职学生制度自信教育具有为实现中华民族伟大复兴汇聚力量,促进职业教育改革发展,引导高职学生成长成才的深远意义,文章从宏观、中观和微观三个层面对加强高职学生制度自信的重要性进行了简要论述。     

“停课不停学”与在线教学发展的审思

疫情影响了学校正常教育教学,"停课不停学"要求学校和教师借助信息技术开展在线教学支持学生学习。疫情中的在线教学不能按照之前既定的、统一的教育教学计划进行,应结合疫情开展应时的在线教学。在线教学规范化必须综合考虑技术、理论、政策与教师等多方面因素。     

语文课堂教学应重视人文精神的渗透

语文教学要重视语文学科的人文性特点。语文课上,对学生进行人文教育主要有这些内容：着眼于人的精神和价值,尊重主体人格和人权,创设和谐的人际环境,养育情感、陶冶情操,崇尚和追求真理。     

Sources of difficulty in assessment: example of PISA science items

ABSTRACT

The understanding of what makes a question difficult is a crucial concern in assessment. To study the difficulty of test questions, we focus on the case of PISA, which assesses to what degree 15-year-old students have acquired knowledge and skills essential for full participation in society. Our research question is to identify PISA science item characteristics that could influence the item’s proficiency level. It is based on an a-priori item analysis and a statistical analysis. Results show that only the cognitive complexity and the format out of the different characteristics of PISA science items determined in our a-priori analysis have an explanatory power on an item’s proficiency levels. The proficiency level cannot be explained by the dependence/independence of the information provided in the unit and/or item introduction and the competence. We conclude that in PISA, it appears possible to anticipate a high proficiency level, that is, students’ low scores for items displaying a high cognitive complexity. In the case of a middle or low cognitive complexity level item, the cognitive complexity level is not sufficient to predict item difficulty. Other characteristics play a crucial role in item difficulty. We discuss anticipating the difficulties in assessment in a broader perspective.