爱因斯坦:麦卡锡时期的自由斗士

20世纪50年代初,随着美国反共浪潮影响的增大,越来越多的知识分子受到了麦卡锡主义的迫害。爱因斯坦基于自己独立的道德判断力,公开发表言论支持与鼓励知识分子与麦卡锡主义作斗争,他的言行产生了广泛而深远的影响。本文论述了弗劳恩格拉斯事件、夏多维茨事件以及管子工事件等代表性事件的经过与影响,描述了这位著名科学家在那个特殊的历史时期表现出的不畏强权、敢于伸张正义的高尚品德。     

彭加勒与爱因斯坦

彭加勒与爱因斯坦都是举世闻名的科学家,但彭加勒却一直未接受相对论。虽然有不少学者强调彭加勒对相对论的贡献,但实际上彭加勒的科学目标并不是相对论,而是发展洛伦兹的电子论;而且,两人的哲学思想也存在很大的差异,主要的差别在于他们各自遵循构造性理论与原理理论,这两方面可能是导致彭加勒对相对论保持沉默的主要原因。     

爱因斯坦的学术贡献和伟大思想

爱因斯坦在量子论、分子论、相对论、宇宙学和统一论等多个领域都做出了巨大的贡献,研究爱因斯坦对科研工作与教学工作都有深刻的意义。     

The Promise and Perils of Thought Experiments

A number of thought experiments are cited, some well-known, some not. These illustrate the power of thought experiments. Other examples are given that show some of the dangers. As well as examples from the science, some examples of visual reasoning from mathematics are also presented, again with an eye to illustrating their promise and perils. Morals are drawn, perhaps the most important being that we still have much to learn about them, just as we once learned about the promise and perils of microscopes in their early days. They are a tool that can mislead, but they can also open up a whole new world.     

弗洛因德里希与广义相对论在德国的早期检验

在广义相对论的历史上,弗洛因德里希扮演了一个特别的角色。他是第一个对广义相对论感兴趣并致力于为广义相对论寻找天文学证据的天文学家,也是长期以来一直给予广义相对论实际支持的唯一一位德国天文学家。然而,在多种因素的制约下,他早期检验广义相对论的种种努力并未有任何实质的收获。与德国一流天文学家的正面交锋也令他的科学事业一度陷入困境,检验广义相对论的工作直到威廉皇帝物理研究所的成立才逐渐恢复。1919年英国传来的好消息给爱因斯坦塔的建立提供了契机,这个新天文台成为验证广义相对论的新阵地。本文一方面着重呈现弗洛因德里希在1911-1920年间为检验广义相对论所做的工作,另一方面借助他的检验工作及事业发展来揭示德国天文学界早期对广义相对论的态度。     

爱因斯坦对物理学发展的贡献

爱因斯坦是一位对科学发展有杰出贡献的伟大物理学家，他一生的贡献是多方面的．他深入地研究了布朗运动；提出光量子概念，创立了光辐射量子理论，成功地解释了光电效应；创立了狭义相对论和广义相对论等等．所做出的贡献使他成为现代物理学的奠基者之一．     

Camus,habitat and the art of seeing

The early essays of Camus have been underexplored as educational texts. The discussion here introduces these texts for educational consideration. The analysis uncovers themes which link to existing educational research on Camus. As these are autobiographical texts they also provide new insight on the genesis of Camus’ thinking on subjects of interest to education, and Camus’ own educational journey into the absurd. The discussion here suggests the lyrical essays explore the connections between learning and the natural landscape, and as a result, they suggest a concept of education based around seeing the world a certain way; a communion with the natural world as a basis for understanding and happiness.     

Bridging Literary and Philosophical Genres: Judgement,reflection and education in Camus’The Fall

Both literature and philosophy, as genres of writing, can enable us to address important ontological, epistemological and ethical questions. One author who makes it possible for readers to bridge these two genres is Albert Camus. Nowhere is this more evident than in Camus’ short novel, The Fall. The Fall, through the character and words of Jean‐Baptiste Clamence, prompts readers to reflect deeply on themselves, their motivations and commitments, and their relations with others. This paper discusses the origin and structure of the book, identifies some of its key philosophical themes, and explores some of its educational implications.     

运用爱因斯坦的教育观在《中学物理教学法》教学中实施素质教育

通过对《中学物理教学法》的教学思想与爱因斯坦教育观的比较 ,阐述了如何运用爱因斯坦的教育观在《中学物理教学法》教学中进行素质教育 ,培养出德、智、体全面和谐发展 ,具有独立性和合作精神、富有创造性、乐于献身社会和道德修养高的中学物理教师。     

爱因斯坦的科学美学思想探析

通过对爱因斯坦的"宇宙宗教观"、相对论体系和科学方法论中所蕴含的科学美学思想之探析,揭示爱因斯坦的这一往往被人们所忽视的思想,是一笔极其丰富的科学哲学遗产,应该予以继承和光大.