科研合著网络资本如何影响科研绩效——来自我国高校科学家的微观证据

本文基于Web of Science核心合集数据库和Incite数据库,运用社会网络分析法构建了北京大学理工科院系科学家科研合著网络,并从社会资本视角,采用动态面板GMM模型探讨了合著网路资本对学科认可、政府认可、市场认可等科研绩效的影响。研究发现：科学家积累更多的社会资本将更有利于提升科研绩效,但不同的社会资本维度对学科、政府、市场不同方面的科研绩效影响方向、影响程度不一。并建议科学家和科研机构要将合作从增量向提质转变,要引入组织协调平衡和优化合作内部结构,要完善科研绩效综合评价。     

论远程学习者的自我认识

自我认识是远程学习者开展自主学习、个性化学习和终身学习的前提,也是学习者实现自我管理的基础。本文讨论了远程学习者自我认识的内涵、范畴与意义,根据远程学习的实际,从学习意识、学习需要、学习目标与学习任务、学习风格、学习动机、优势智能和元认知等七个方面探讨了自我认识的指向和方法,以期为远程学习者的自我认识提供有益的参考。     

Does performance justify the underrepresentation of women coaches? Evidence from professional women’s soccer

In this paper, the authors empirically analyze the influence of the gender of the coach on team performance in women’s soccer leagues. Moreover, the authors examine the role of initial experience of coaches (as professional players) as an attribute that converges with gender diversity and influence performance. The sample includes the top divisions in France, Germany, and Norway from 2004 to 2017. The results from the regression model show that the gender of the coach is not a significant determinant of team performance (points per game). In addition, the initial experience of coaches does not alter the results. Therefore, managerial decisions of clubs with regard to the employment of coaches should not rely on gender.     

Evening electronic device use and sleep patterns in athletes

The present study aimed to investigate pre-sleep behaviours (including evening electronic device use) and sleep quantity in well-trained athletes. Seventy well-trained athletes (44 females, 26 males) aged 21 ± 4 y from a range of team and individual sports were asked to complete an online sleep diary for 7 days. The sleep diary included questions about pre-sleep behaviours (e.g. napping, caffeine intake), electronic device use in the 2 h prior to bedtime (e.g. type of device and duration of use) and sleep (e.g. time in bed, sleep onset latency). On average, athletes spent 8:20 ± 1:21 h in bed each night. Associations between age, time in bed and sleepiness suggested that younger athletes spent more time in bed (B = -0.05, p = 0.001) but felt sleepier (r = -0.32, p < 0.01) than older athletes. On average, athletes mostly used electronic devices for 0–30 min prior to sleep. The use of multiple devices in the evening was associated with more perceived difficulty in falling asleep (B = 0.22, p = 0.03), but no associations existed with other sleep variables. In summary, younger athletes may require later start times or improved sleep quality to resolve excessive sleepiness.     

A moral basis for prohibiting performance enhancing drug use in competitive sport

A strong moral reason for prohibiting doping in sport is to be found in the bad choices that would be faced by clean athletes in a sporting world that tolerated doping. The case against doping is not, however, to be grounded in the concept of coercion. Instead, it is grounded in a general duty of sport to afford fair opportunity to the goods that are distinctively within sport's sphere of control. The moral reason to prohibit doping need not be balanced against any autonomy claim of athletes who would prefer to dope because, upon closer examination, such claims have no force. The moral reason to prohibit doping does, however, need to be balanced against the enforcement costs imposed on all athletes by effective prohibition.     

Travels in hyper-diversity: Multiculturalism and the contextual assessment of acculturation

We argue that current acculturation research offers an incomplete picture of the psychological changes taking place in contemporary multicultural societies. Several characteristics of the Canadian multicultural context highlight the limitations in current acculturation research: namely, themes of hyper-diversity, hybridity, dimensionality and the importance of local context. Canada is a case in point, but these themes are generalizable to other contemporary multicultural contexts. To address the limitations of the traditional psychological acculturation paradigm, we propose an innovative research approach to study acculturation: the Cultural Day Reconstruction Method (C-DRM). We report on two studies that implemented this diary method, to demonstrate that this research tool (1) addresses theoretical critiques of current acculturation research and (2) captures some of the complexity of acculturation in contemporary multicultural contexts. The C-DRM was constructed in response to the local research environment but we hope it will become part of a new generation of tools for the contextual assessment of acculturation.     

对资产评估业生存与发展问题的几点认识

企业之间兼并、重组将大量存在,要使合作各方达成合作意向,就需要一个中介组织机构,对合作各方的资产信用作出评价。而科学的运用资产评估的方法是资产评估工作的重要保证。     

分层分组合作教学方式在篮球教学中的实验研究

运用实验对照法和统计分析法,将分层分组合作教学方式运用在高校篮球专选班的教学中,结果表明,分层分组合作教学方式能有效提高学生的技战术水平,增强学生的自信心和成就感,充分体现了学生的主体地位和教师的主导作用,同时培养学生的团队合作精神。     

采用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论进行大学生体育素质稳定性评估

针对大学生体育素质的稳定性评估,确定了评估内容,给出评估指标及其测度方法来表征相应内容。随后,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,建立了大学生体育素质的动态方程,进行评估实验说明方法有效性。     

自助式体育教学模式在高校散打教学中的构建与实践研究

对研究对象分别采用不同教学模式进行比较,其自助式体育教学模式具有较系统理论依据、操作程序、教学方法体系和评价体系,更适宜高校散打教学活动便于体育教师的操作实施。它对改善学生体育锻炼态度,培养学生自主学习能力,搭建出技能辅助学习平台,并突出了学生的主体地位和学生个性化的发展,对培养创新型人才,具有重要实践意义和价值。