Attitudes of Australian chiropractic students toward whole body donation: A cross‐sectional study

Cadavers play an important role in anatomy education. In Australia, bodies for anatomy education are acquired only through donations. To gain insight into educational dynamics in an anatomy laboratory as well as to facilitate body donation programs and thanksgiving ceremonies, it is important to understand students' attitudes toward body donation. In this cross‐sectional study, the attitudes of Macquarie University's first, second, and fifth year chiropractic students toward body donation were investigated. Macquarie University chiropractic students have a four semester long anatomy program, which includes cadaver‐based instruction on prosected specimens. A questionnaire was used to record respondents' demographics and attitudes toward body donation: personal, by a relative, and by a stranger. It was found that ethnicity and religion affect attitudes toward body donation, with Australian students being more willing to donate a stranger's body and atheists and agnostics being more willing to donate in general. Furthermore, willingness to donate one's own or a family member's body decreases as year of study increases, suggesting a possible negative impact of exposure to cadavers in the anatomy laboratory. This was only true, however, after controlling for age. Thus, the impact of viewing and handling prosected specimens, which is the norm in anatomy classes in Australia, may not be as strong as dissecting cadavers. It is suggested that anatomists and educators prepare students for cadaver‐based instruction as well as exhibit sensitivity to cultural differences in how students approach working with cadavers, when informing different communities about body donation programs and in devising thanksgiving ceremonies. Anat Sci Educ 7: 117–123. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

Honoring our donors: A survey of memorial ceremonies in united states anatomy programs

Many anatomy programs that incorporate dissection of donated human bodies hold memorial ceremonies of gratitude towards body donors. The content of these ceremonies may include learners' reflections on mortality, respect, altruism, and personal growth told through various humanities modalities. The task of planning is usually student‐ and faculty‐led with participation from other health care students. Objective information on current memorial ceremonies for body donors in anatomy programs in the United States appears to be lacking. The number of programs in the United States that currently plan these memorial ceremonies and information on trends in programs undertaking such ceremonies remain unknown. Gross anatomy program directors throughout the United States were contacted and asked to respond to a voluntary questionnaire on memorial ceremonies held at their institution. The results (response rate 68.2%) indicated that a majority of human anatomy programs (95.5%) hold memorial ceremonies. These ceremonies are, for the most part, student‐driven and nondenominational or secular in nature. Participants heavily rely upon speech, music, poetry, and written essays, with a small inclusion of other humanities modalities, such as dance or visual art, to explore a variety of themes during these ceremonies. Anat Sci Educ 7: 219–223. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

基础教育捐赠的三种类型及其对教育改革与发展的支持

从捐赠供给的角度来分类,目前基础教育捐赠有交易型、同情型、回报型三种类型。交易型捐赠慈善性质模糊且稳定性差,不利于促进基础教育公平;同情型捐赠随机性强且用途单一,不利于促进捐赠资源有效利用;回报型捐赠主观臆断性强且范围狭窄,不利于基础教育捐赠募集。这导致了目前基础教育捐赠总量不足,难以形成对教育经费的有效补充;U形特征明显,尚未起到促进教育资源均衡配置的作用;有效利用不足,造成部分捐赠未能发挥最大化作用。促进基础教育捐赠对教育改革与发展的支持,从捐赠需求角度需要加强基础教育捐赠需求方与供给方之间的互动,形成新的评价制度和激励机制、共享的价值体系、以信任为基础的强联系和有利于捐赠募集的社会网络来优化基础教育捐赠募集。     

方寸间 意永存——从清华大学图书馆藏书票的设计与使用看高校图书馆文化的传播与拓展

文章从藏书票的起源和发展谈起,详细介绍了清华大学图书馆藏书票的设计理念与文化涵义,用图书馆和学校典型建筑的形象,体现高校固有的文化形象;以赠书人独特的赠言,体现图书馆的文化传承之功能。同时,结合本馆实际使用藏书票的情况,指出在图书馆现代管理方式中藏书票促进了校园文化的传承与发展,成为高校图书馆的文化传播途径之一。     

高校校友会工作现状及其理念探讨

校友资源是高校最稳固、最可依赖的办学资源,随着高等教育改革的逐步深入,校友工作对高校的重要性日益凸显,已成为高校教育事业的重要组成部分。高校校友会已经不仅仅是一个服务同学聚会的组织,它有完善的功能、鲜明的特质和特殊的组织形式,是学校、教师、学生三位一体的和谐体现。如何树立正确工作理念,发挥高校校友会功能,确保高校校友会在为校友服务、为母校服务和为社会服务中良性运转,是目前高校值得研究的重要课题。     

略论凌廷堪的科举经历及对其学术的影响

凌廷堪的科举之路与一般人有所不同,他是通过纳资捐助获得了乡试资格,在经历了多次失败和漫长等待,终于获得选官机会。不过,凌廷堪毅然放弃县职,自选教职,此后便担任宁国府学教授,醉心于学术研究。凌廷堪科举之后＂自选冷官＂的原因值得探析,而且这一举动对其学术产生了更为深远的影响。     

我国高校办学经费不足的原因及对策探讨

本文浅议在市场经济条件下，我国高等教育在蓬勃发展的同时，高等学校办学经费所面临的主要问题．并通过分析提出解决这些问题的办法。     

民办高校筹资中的社会捐赠问题

在很多国家,社会捐赠已经成为人们向社会提供公共产品及服务的重要方式,更是私立高校的重要资金来源。与之相比,社会捐赠在我国民办高校资金来源中所占比例还相当小,在意识和管理等方面尚存在着制约社会捐赠发展的因素。本文分析、探讨了民办高校吸收、利用社会捐赠的现状、存在问题以及引发问题的主要原因,并提出了相应的对策性建议。     

Characteristics of Alumni Donors Who Volunteer at their Alma Mater

In the competitive marketplace of higher education, colleges and university leaders increasingly rely on the influence and service of their alumni to further institutional goals. Because of their demonstrated financial commitment to the institution, alumni donors are often enlisted to serve important roles as volunteers and political advocates. Using binomial logistic regression, this study examines a large sample of alumni donors from a large doctoral/research extensive university to predict donors who are most likely volunteer at the institution (via advisory board service, political advocacy, alumni club support). The study suggests that volunteering among alumni donors is predicted by capacity variables related to gender, residence, and overall civic engagement. Inclination to volunteer is associated with the quality of academic experience while an undergraduate student, beliefs about alumni volunteer roles, and number of degrees earned at the institution.     

中外高校社会捐赠:比较、分析及建议

本文通过对中外高校社会捐赠现实状况的比较,确证了国内、国外高校之间显著悬殊的差异性。在此基础上对差距产生的原因进行了从宏观社会文化到高校内部微观环境等多层面的追问与分析。由此提出:社会因素、捐赠主体、高校自身三者的相互联动才是形成中国高校社会捐赠良性发展局面的保障。同时强调改善外部社会环境和自身发展理念是中国高校未来拓展资金来源、增加社会捐赠幅度的重要保证。