社区译员“澄清”技巧的运用

与会议口译相比,社区口译是一种互动性更强的口译模式,因而给予译员更多的与讲者澄清信息的机会。社区译员应当知晓在什么情况下以及如何切当的打断讲者并澄清信息,以达到促进交流的目的。当社区译员遇到陌生的专业词汇、模糊信息、应客户要求或察觉讲话者明显口误时,应与讲者及时交流,避免造成进一步的信息混淆。     

Ambiguous author query detection using crowdsourced digital library annotations

The name ambiguity problem is especially challenging in the field of bibliographic digital libraries. The problem is amplified when names are collected from heterogeneous sources. This is the case in the Scholarometer system, which performs bibliometric analysis by cross-correlating author names in user queries with those retrieved from digital libraries. The uncontrolled nature of user-generated annotations is very valuable, but creates the need to detect ambiguous names. Our goal is to detect ambiguous names at query time by mining digital library annotation data, thereby decreasing noise in the bibliometric analysis. We explore three kinds of heuristic features based on citations, metadata, and crowdsourced topics in a supervised learning framework. The proposed approach achieves almost 80% accuracy. Finally, we compare the performance of ambiguous author detection in Scholarometer using Google Scholar against a baseline based on Microsoft Academic Search.     

雪碧品牌广告的符号学透视

广告与符号学联系紧密,广告本身就是一种符号系统,借助多种多样的能指形式,如文字、图像、影像等物质媒介来传递广告主的意愿。以雪碧品牌广告为例,从符号学角度探究品牌广告是如何运用各种符号来实现意义的传播,完成广告神话的建构。     

桓谭的学术立场与政治个性

桓谭从古文经的学术立场出发,引申出对谶纬符命之学的思想批判,并以此选择对现实政治的态度。从他与王莽的合作到分裂,以至利用《新论》对王莽进行批判,他在东汉前期对光武帝"天下事以图谶决之"的公然反对,都可以看出他是从古文经立场和对谶纬符命之学的否定出发的,学术立场决定了他的政治个性。在和同时代其他经学大家刘歆、贾逵等人的比较中,桓谭对学术真理的追求和持守,显得特别突出。在皇权专制时代,能不屈服于专制君主的淫威,始终如一地坚守学术立场,是桓谭最可宝贵的品格。     

Identification of ambiguous queries in web search

It is widely believed that many queries submitted to search engines are inherently ambiguous (e.g., java and apple). However, few studies have tried to classify queries based on ambiguity and to answer “what the proportion of ambiguous queries is”. This paper deals with these issues. First, we clarify the definition of ambiguous queries by constructing the taxonomy of queries from being ambiguous to specific. Second, we ask human annotators to manually classify queries. From manually labeled results, we observe that query ambiguity is to some extent predictable. Third, we propose a supervised learning approach to automatically identify ambiguous queries. Experimental results show that we can correctly identify 87% of labeled queries with the approach. Finally, by using our approach, we estimate that about 16% of queries in a real search log are ambiguous.     

自动分词中的歧义字段分析及处理

无论在自然语言处理还是在机器翻译中 ,自动分词都是一个重要的环节。本文讨论传统的切词方法中 ,歧义的形式 ,以及消歧处理方法