The Role of Interference and Task Similarity on the Acquisition,Retention, and Transfer of Simple Motor Skills

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine if two levels of task similarity influenced acquisition, retention, and transfer performance of three simple motor skills. Sixty right-handed subjects were randomly assigned to one of five (n = 12) experimental conditions. Each subject performed 72 trials during acquisition. Twenty-four trials were recorded for each movement task. Following a 5-min unfilled retention interval, subjects performed 4 trials on each task before completing 12 transfer trials of a novel movement. Contextual interference effects for acquisition and retention were supported for low but not high similarity tasks. Further, the results suggest that a different memory representation exists for high and low similarity tasks.     

提高独立学院学生日语听力课后自主学习能力的思考

听力在语言运用能力中是至关重要的一个环节,如何提高独立学院学生课后自主学习能力已成为听力课程教学模式改革与创新的重要课题。基于此,通过分析听力课后自主学习的材料、任务及评估手段来探索提高学生课后自主学习能力的方法,以期全面提高独立学院的听力教学水平,实现日语教学的目标。     

High-School Teachers’ Attempts to Promote Self-Regulated Learning: “I may learn from you, yet how do I do it?”

This study examined how urban high-school students responded to increased academic expectations. The intervention included increased expectations for reading and writing, collaboration, and the completion of multi-day assignments. Twenty-four students (8 lower, 8 average, and 8 higher performers) from 4 classrooms were interviewed across a 9-week period to evaluate their reactions to the increased expectations. While students approached lessons with learning versus performance orientations, they were unsuccessful because they could not transfer classroom successes to their outside of school studying efforts. Their difficulties were related to a lack of strategies, a failure to manage distractions, or an inability to monitor studying behaviors. Discussion focuses on the difficulties among students based on performance levels and on the challenges of increasing academic expectations within a climate of high-stakes testing.     

The role of contextual,conceptual and procedural knowledge in activating mathematical competencies (PISA)

This paper analyses the difficulties which Spanish student teachers have in solving the PISA 2003 released items. It studies the role played by the type and organisation of mathematical knowledge in the activation of competencies identified by PISA with particular attention to the function of contextual knowledge. The results of the research lead us to conclude that the assessment of the participant’s mathematical competencies must include an assessment of the extent to which they have school mathematical knowledge (contextual, conceptual and procedural) that can be productively applied to problem situations. In this way, the school knowledge variable becomes a variable associated with the PISA competence variable. This paper is based on a research project funded by a grant awarded in 2003 by the General Directorate for Research of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (BSO-2003-7133).     

Adaptive control of PLL using neural network

This paper proposes a method for increasing capture range of a phase-locked loop (PLL). The behavior of PLL in the initial condition is nonlinear. This nonlinearity phenomenon is caused by phase detector (PD). A method using neural network as controller in PLL is proposed for overcoming this problem. In the proposed method, the reference frequency and frequency of VCO converted to voltage by FTV. Frequency tracking is achieved by neural network. The circuit has been fabricated in a standard 0.13 μm CMOS process. Simulation results show a tracking range of 110 MHz, and a capture range of 90 MHz while operating from a 2 V supply with maximum 2.18 mW power consumption.     

Effects of emotion control and task on Web searching behavior

The study investigated how users’ emotion control and search tasks interact and influence the Web search behavior and performance among experienced Web users. Sixty-seven undergraduate students with substantial Web experience participated in the study. Effects of emotion control and tasks were found significant on the search behavior but not on the search performance. The interaction effect between emotion control and tasks on the search behavior was also significant: effects of users’ emotion control on the search behavior varied depending on search tasks. Profile analyses of search behaviors identified and contrasted the most commonly occurring profiles of search activities in different search tasks. Suggestions were made to improve information literacy programs, and implications for future research were discussed.     

高职院校问题导向型专业教学资源库建设探究

高职问题导向型专业教学资源库是以培养学生综合运用专业技能解决实际问题能力为目标,通过引入高度仿真的行业企业的靶向性问题,把传统专业教学资源库中的资源重新组织,构建高度仿真的不良问题情境,让学生在问题解决的过程中熟悉专业技能和培养解决实际问题的能力,深度的校企合作是问题导向专业教学资源库建设、运行和维护的根本保障。     

试论美术作业的评价方法和体系

美术作业的评价对美术学科来说具有其重要性,教师通过在教学活动中灵活运用各种评改方法,并加强教师在评改活动中的主动性,使评改真正达到提高教学质量和鼓励学生共同进步的目的。