The judgement processes involved in the moderation of teacher-assessed projects

Classroom-based assessments have the potential to enhance validity by facilitating the assessment of important skills that are difficult to assess in written examinations. Such assessments tend to be marked by teachers. To ensure consistent marking standards, quality assurance procedures are needed. In the context of continued debate over the robustness of assessment by teachers, this research aimed to provide insights into the cognitive and social processes involved in the moderation of project work in General Certificate of Secondary Education qualifications (taken by many 16 year olds in England). The research involved nine examiners across three subject areas ‘thinking aloud’ whilst moderating the marks given to six students (treated as a mock school). The participants were also interviewed. These methods were chosen to provide an in-depth look at the judgement processes involved. The research provides an improved understanding of moderation judgements and how aspects of this process relate to existing theories of judgement. Improving our understanding of the judgement processes involved when an examiner moderates teacher marking can help to evaluate the appropriateness of this assessment method, may contribute to debate on whether teacher marking can be sufficiently well verified by quality assurance procedures, and may inform moderation practice.     

苏轼兄弟的军事思想及边防策略

苏轼兄弟一生的吏事章都有显成就。在军事思想和边防策略上，他们也有一定建树。就军事思想而言，苏轼早年在立国、用兵、边防等问题上均有自己的主张，后来在他治军的实践中，体现了其一贯的军事思想；而苏辙早年涉及军事的言论甚少，但已经表现出与苏轼的不同。北宋从神宗到哲宗在边防战略上的明显变化，苏轼兄弟身为朝官自不能置身度外。在对待西羌、西夏的关系和策略上，虽然他们的言论多少不一，但都表现出对此的高度关注，也清楚显示出策略上的不同。     

合唱艺术与社区文化品位的建构

社会主义文化建设是一项长期的工作,尤其是城市社区文化建设更是关系到我国普通老百姓及全民族的文化素质的问题。随着我国社会主义经济的不断发展,人民生活水平的不断提高,人们对精神文化生活提出了更高的要求,合唱艺术就是社区文化建设的一个有效载体和展示平台。     

我国教育评价存在的问题

20世纪以来,科学技术已占据了优先发展的地位,但同时也给教育评价的发展带来了许多问题。对我国教育评价存在问题的论述,目的在于对我国教育评价工作有所帮助。     

铝的生物毒性作用及食品卫生

本文综述铝在人体内的代谢、生物毒性作用及其食品卫生状况。     

The urban and the natural in education reform: the development of Hamburg Schullandheime (rural school hostels) in the 1920s

ABSTRACT

The desire to be close to nature and live in tune with it grew as industrialisation, urbanisation and the impact of technology became increasingly ubiquitous at the turn of the twentieth century. Throughout Europe, model schools were established in rural environments. These private reform schools could not solve the problems of public urban schools. Founded on the initiative of teachers and parents, the Schullandheim (rural school hostel) emerged as a new form bringing urban education and schooling close to nature after the First World War in Germany. Even if related pedagogic activities developed at that time in other countries there is no evidence for comparable institutions. Besides tracing the development of Schullandheime, the article shows how the school hostel idea was embedded in the contemporary educational discussion about the influence large cities had on youth and explores the educational and cultural differences within the school hostel movement through the use of visual material.     

新课程下高考化学试题内容、结构及能力要素的初步研究

本文探讨了实施新课程标准后高考化学科的考试范围和内容、试题的构造技术及能力要素。试题选材构造技术包括价值取向、学术领域、知识视野、社会背景、教育功能和导向功能等多维要素,能力要素包括一二级能力指标,一级指标包括"知识了解"、"知识理解"、"规则运用"、"问题探究"等,在具体命题时还应考虑主体内容的"能力亚层"、"题干特征"、"答案特征"三方面的要素。     

贾谊《诗》学寻踪

根据新近出土文献,分析了贾谊引用《诗经》与四家诗的异同,注意到贾谊说《诗》以“雅”,“颂”为主的事实,说明贾谊的《诗》学继承了春秋官学中“以诗为教”的传统。     

澳大利亚TAFE教育对我国高职教育实施职业资格证书制度的启示

澳大利亚TAFE教育的成功实践,给我国高职教育的改革提供了一定的启示:要充分认识高职教育实施国家职业资格证书制度的必要性,建立与高职教育实施国家职业资格证书制度相适应的灵活多样的教育和培训方式;注重教学管理,构建新的教育质量管理平台;同时要加强行业和企业在高职教育办学中的作用,致力于双师型队伍的建设。     

"第一任老师"角色转换的研究

在教育改革理论大讨论中，授课老师角色的转换已形成共识。而对家庭教育理论的研究还不够。目前大多数家庭教育多“溺爱教育”、“强迫教育”、“补救教育”，而缺少“赏识教育”、“养成教育”、“阅读教育”。这是教育改革深化中应加强研究的问题。