Discursive Dancing: Traditionalism and Social Realism in the 2013 English History Curriculum Wars

This paper is an exploration of the debates surrounding the publication of a new National Curriculum for history in England. The draft curriculum was published in February 2013 and was withdrawn just 6 months later in the face of considerable opposition. This paper offers a tentative explanation for this example of a rare phenomenon: effective resistance to curriculum change. Using a socio-cognitive approach to discourse analysis, the paper explores the context models of the two antagonists in the contestation: new right traditionalism and social realism. While both context models are viewed as coherent, it is suggested that critics of the draft prevailed because they more fully comprehended the context model of their opponents and were prepared to adapt their strategy accordingly. The paper takes an analytical narrative approach to the contestation. Resistance to the draft is presented in two phases: an initial phase in which criticism was diffuse, instinctive and political; and a more effective mature phase in which opposition united around a depoliticised disciplinary defence of the subject in social realist terms. It is argued that this deft shift went unnoticed by Education Secretary, Michael Gove, rendering ineffective his attacks on his critics as ‘Marxists’ and ‘progressives’.     

Teacher resistance to engage with ‘alternative’ perspectives of difficult histories: the limits and prospects of affective disruption

This paper discusses teacher resistance to recognizing some perspectives of difficult histories. The paper focuses on the following question: How does affect contribute not only to the formation of teacher resistance, but also to its disruption in ways that enable the productive reclaiming of teachers’ engagement with traumatic histories? To address this question, the paper first revisits the notion of difficult knowledge, highlighting its affective dimensions and its relevance to teacher resistance. Then, it argues that the role of affect in resistance demands a different way of conceptualizing ‘teacher resistance’ to acknowledge how affect is entangled with both the micro- and macro-political dimensions of resistance. In the light of this reconceptualized notion of teacher resistance, the paper theorizes the notion of ‘affective disruption’ by using Judith Butler's social theory. Finally, the notion of ‘pedagogy of discomfort’ is revisited to demonstrate the new openings created by a reconceptualized notion of teacher resistance in the context of teacher professional learning.     

再论扩音机与喇叭的阻抗匹配

本文主要论述定阻型输出和定压型输出扩音机与喇叭匹配的互换性及扩音机所接喇叭的总功率在大于或小于扩音机额定输出功率时扩音机与喇叭的匹配方法     

阀控铅酸蓄电池的内阻与其剩余容量监测

分析了阀控铅蓄电池内阻的组成及其测试原理和方法,根据蓄电池内阻与剩余容量的关联性,讨论了利用蓄电池内阻监测其剩余容量的可行性。     

微小型脉动热管的传热性能实验研究

本文针对毛细管结构变化会影响其性能这一问题，对毛细管截面为正方形和正三角形，水力直径为1mm左右的微小型脉动热管的传热性能进行了实验研究。结果表明，角管脉动热管底加热时的性能明显优于顶加热；正方形截面角管水平放置也能够运行；三角形截面脉动热管的热阻比正方形截面脉动热管的热阻更低。脉动热管在水力直径为1.5mm时比1mm时的性能要好。     

Influence of induced ciprofloxacin resistance on efflux pump activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Objective

The efflux pump (EP) is one of the major mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, there are few reports on the effect of the abuse of antibiotic use on the activity of EPs. To determine whether the use of low efficacy antibiotics has any effect on the activity of EPs and induces drug resistance in K. pneumoniae, we investigated the effect of ciprofloxacin on the activity of EPs in K. pneumoniae strains.

Methods

Sixteen susceptible K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from patients and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciprofloxacin were measured in the absence and presence of the pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP). The strains were then induced with a gradient of ciprofloxacin until the MICs of the strains showed no further increase, to obtain induced resistant strains. The EP activities of the strains before and after induction were compared using EP inhibition and ethidium bromide (EtBr) accumulation assays.

Results

The MIC values of the strains were 16–256 times higher after induction than before induction. In the presence of CCCP, the MIC values of 50% of the induced strains were 2–4-fold lower than that in the absence of this inhibitor. The EtBr accumulation assay showed that the fluorescence of EtBr in the induced cells was lower than that in the cells before induction.

Conclusions

EPs are widespread in susceptible and drug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains. Induction with ciprofloxacin may increase the activity of EPs in K. pneumoniae. The EtBr accumulation assay is more sensitive than the EP inhibition assay in evaluating the activity of EPs in K. pneumoniae.     

蛋白质谱型分析在耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌鉴定中的应用研究

目的 :从生化途径探索耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA)鉴定的新方法及其对甲氧西林的耐药机理。方法 :采用细菌透析袋表面培养法 ,通过十二烷基硫酸钠 -聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (SDS-QAGE) ,分析菌株蛋白质代谢产物谱形。结果 :MRSA和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌 (MSSA)的蛋白质代谢产物SDS-PAGE谱形分析存在明显可资鉴别的差异。结论 :该方法为MRSA鉴定新方法的建立提供了可行性依据 ,为进一步研究MRSA的耐药机理提供一个可参考的研究线索     

激光淬火活塞顶环槽的耐磨性

研究活塞顶环槽激光淬火层的组织、耐磨性和磨损机理．激光淬火的环槽表面具有良好的耐磨性，比经原高频淬火和镀铬工艺处理的环槽的耐磨性有较大的提高．实验运行结果表明，激光淬火是提高活塞使用寿命的有效途径     

Dependence of electrical and optical properties of IGZO films on oxygen flow

Amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) films were deposited on the corning eagle XG (EXG) glass substrates using magnetron sputtering method. The structure, surface morphology, electrical and optical properties of these films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), semiconductor parameter analyzer and spectrophotometry, respectively. The influence of oxygen flow on the electrical properties of IGZO thin films was studied, showing that increasing oxygen flow changes the resistivity with six orders of magnitude. The contact resistance of ITO/IGZO is 7.35×10⁻² Ω·cm², which suggests that a good ohmic contact exists between In₂O₃: Sn (ITO) and IGZO film.     

Effects of plyometric jump training in female soccer player’s vertical jump height: A systematic review with meta-analysis

ABSTRACT

To assess the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) in female soccer player’s vertical jump height, a review was conducted using the data sources PubMed, MEDLINE, Web Of Science and SCOPUS. Only peer-review articles were included. To qualify for inclusion in the meta-analysis, studies must have included (i) a PJT programme of at least 2 weeks, (ii) cohorts of healthy female soccer players with no restriction for age, (iii) a control group, (iv) a measure of countermovement jump (CMJ). The inverse variance random-effects model for meta-analyses was used. From 7,136 records initially identified through database searching, 8 were eligible for meta-analysis, comprising 9 training groups (n = 99) and 9 control groups (n = 94). The magnitude of the main effect was moderate (ES = 1.01 [95%CI = 0.36–1.66], Z = 3.04, p = 0.002). Sub-group analyses were performed (i.e., PJT frequency, duration and total number of sessions), revealing no significant subgroup differences (p = 0.34–0.96). Among the studies included in this review, none reported injury or other adverse effects. In conclusion, PJT is effective in female soccer players for the improvement of vertical jump height. In future, research must identify specific dose–response relationships following PJT, particularly in the long term.