利用大豆内源酶改善腊八豆的品质

大豆经内源酶作用生产腊八豆,产品的氨基态氮和还原糖的含量都有增加,货架期内产品的硬度明显降低。试验表明大豆内源酶适宜作用的条件为：大豆经25℃浸后,30℃发芽处理8h,再于40℃处理6h利用内源酶降解大豆本身的部分大分子物质。大豆经此处理后生产的腊八豆与空白处理相比,氨基态氮的含量提高22.5%,产品的硬度降低37.1%。     

Correlation and Multiple Regression Analyses of Pituitary Growth Hormone and Hepatic Activities in Hepatitis C Infection and Interferon Response

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection varies across the world, with the highest percent of infections reported in Middle East, increasingly in Egypt. The current study aimed at examining the bio-statistical correlation and multiple regression analyses of pituitary growth hormone (GH) and liver activities among HCV genotype-4 patients treated with PEG-IFN-α plus RBV therapy. Herein, the current study was conducted on 100 HCV genotype-4 infected patients and 50 healthy controls. Patients received PEG-IFN-α/RBV for 24 weeks. Host RNA was isolated from patients’ sera for HCV genotyping and viral load determination. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of the liver, AFP, GH, PT, and CBC were performed in all volunteers. The present study resulted that the activities of the hepatic enzymes among HCV genotype-4 patients correlated together significantly. While, human GH showed a significant positive regression with pre-treatment ALT concentration in responders. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis for GH showed a significant positive correlation with pre-treatment ALT in HCV genotype-4 infected patients. We concluded that there were a putative significant relation between GH and pre-treatment ALT activity in HCV infection and response to IFN-based therapy.     

Activity of Hydrolytic Enzymes in Various Regions of Normal Human Brain Tissue

The activity of six hydrolytic enzymes-carboxyl esterase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase, β-glucosidase and β-hexosaminidase, were studied in different regions of the normal human brain tissue obtained at autopsy. Protein estimation and activities of the hydrolytic enzymes with respective substrates were assayed by spectrophotometric and spectroflourometric methods. Amongst the eight regions of the brain-frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, thalamus, cerebellum and hippocampus, the pineal gland showed highest activity for all hydrolytic enzymes studied except for carboxyl esterase. Among six hydrolases studied, hexosaminidase exhibited highest activity in all regions of the human brain while alkaline phosphatase activity was the least amongst all regions studied. A majority of the enzymes studied showed higher activity in gray matter as compared to the white matter except acid phosphatase and β-glucosidase which exhibited higher activity in the white matter. The most significant finding in the present study was the high activity of all hydrolytic enzymes noted in the pineal gland as compared to all other regions of the human brain. Such a finding has not been hitherto reported earlier in human brain tissue samples. If the specific activities of these enzymes are to be considered as any functional index, then pineal gland may be more metabolically active tissue with respect to the hydrolytic function as compared to the other regions of the brain.     

感染白粉病后不同葡萄品种的一些酶活性变化

植物受到病原菌侵染或被诱导处理后能产生一些诱导型抗病物质的合成或直接作用于病原菌的酶类和抗病酚类物质,利用这特性研究葡萄对白粉病的抗性.16个不同的葡萄品种接种白粉病后,测定POD、PPO、PAL等三种酶的酶活性差异,结果发现,接种白粉病后葡萄叶片三种酶活性水平均有提高,其中POD酶活性变化较PPO和PAL明显,PPO...     

不同规格刺参消化酶活性差异性研究

试验对同一养殖池塘中不同规格的1龄刺参的肠道消化酶活性进行差异分析,找出在不同规格刺参个体间差异有统计学意义的消化酶．结果表明：3次取样时不同规格的刺参的蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶活性的个体间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而褐藻酶活性活性的差异性在3次取样时不同,第1、3次取样时褐藻酶活性差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,第2次取样时差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）．     

抗氮营养阻遏黄孢原毛平革菌pcR5305产酶条件优化

对选育的抗营养阻遏产酶黄孢原毛平革菌pc R5305菌株的产酶营养基质与环境条件进行了优化。实验结果表明pc R5305在37℃、初始p H4.5条件下,以酒石酸铵（富氮2.2g/L）,葡萄糖（20g/L）,Mn^2＋（0.2g/L）,Tween 80（1g/L）为主要成分的优质培养基中培养24h后添加5.2mmol/L苯甲醇,pc R5305的产酶活性最高。上述条件下,该菌接种后静置培养6 d,Li P活力可达到2013.59U/L,Mn P活力达到353.42U/L,分别提高了23.41%和27.97%。     

增强UV-B辐射对蚕豆幼苗叶片抗氧化保护系统的影响

采用人工增强UV-B辐射的方法,研究了在不同强度UV-B辐射下,蚕豆幼苗保护酶活性及抗氧化物质含量的变化。结果表明:在本试验条件下,随辐射强度增加,POD活性上升,CAT活性下降,短期低强度的UV-B辐射下ASA含量增加,增强的UV-B辐射显著抑制类胡萝卜素的合成。     

Piper sarmentosum as an antioxidant on oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by hydrogen peroxide

Endothelial cell death due to increased reactive oxygen species(ROS) may contribute to the initial endothelial injury,which promotes atherosclerotic lesion formation.Piper sarmentosum(PS),a natural product,has been shown to have an antioxidant property,which is hypothesized to inhibit production of ROS and prevent cell injury.Thus,the present study was designed to determine the effects of PS on the hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)-induced oxidative cell damage in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).In this experiment,HUVECs were obtained by collagenase perfusion of the large vein in the umbilical cord and cultured in medium M200 supplemented with low serum growth supplementation(LSGS).HUVECs were treated with various concentrations of H2O2(0-1000 μmol/L) and it was observed that 180 μmol/L H2O2 reduced cell viability by 50% as denoted by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay.Using the above concentration as the positive control,the H2O2-induced HUVECs were concomitantly treated with various concentrations(100,150,250 and 300 μg/ml) of three different extracts(aqueous,methanol and hexane) of PS.Malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GPX) levels showed a significant increase(P0.05) in HUVECs compared to the negative control.However,PS extracts showed a protective effect on HUVECs from H2O2-induced cell apoptosis with a significant reduction in MDA,SOD,CAT and GPX levels(P0.05).Furthermore,PS had exhibited ferric reducing antioxidant power with its high phenolic content.Hence,it was concluded that PS plays a beneficial role in reducing oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HUVECs.     

仙人掌中黄酮类化合物的光谱分析及抗氧化性能测定

采用超声波法从仙人掌中提取黄酮类化合物,并用流动注射化学发光法测定了仙人掌的抗氧化性能.结果：方法的回收率为94.0%~109.0%,变异系数小于0.30%.测得仙人掌中黄酮化合物的含量为1.53 mg/g,仙人掌的IC50为1.38 mg/mL.结果表明,仙人掌的黄酮含量较高且具有较强的抗氧化性能.     

递增负荷有氧运动对老龄雌性大鼠心肌抗氧化酶及心肌线粒体超微结构的影响

目的：探讨长时间递增负荷有氧运动对老龄雌性大鼠心肌抗氧化酶活性和心肌线粒体超微结构的影响。方法：健康雌性18月龄SD大鼠30只,随机分为两组：老龄运动组和老龄对照组,每组15只;另安排15只3月龄SD大鼠作为年青对照组。采用20周递增负荷跑台运动建立中老年大鼠有氧运动模型,运动方案结束后取心肌组织,检测心肌组织SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活性和MDA含量,并采用透射电镜观察大鼠心肌组织线粒体超微结构的变化。结果：（1）递增有氧运动能显著提高心肌SOD、GSH-Px活性,显著降低心肌MDA含量,但CAT活性未见显著提高;（2）递增有氧运动能改善心肌线粒体因衰老导致的形态改变,延缓心肌线粒体退行性变化。结论：（1）递增有氧运动能提高老龄大鼠心肌抗氧化酶活性,降低老龄运动组大鼠心肌MDA含量,保护心肌组织因衰老而导致的自由基的损害;（2）长期递增有氧运动能改善老龄大鼠心肌线粒体结构,保护线粒体膜和嵴的完整性,延缓心肌线粒体因衰老而导致的退行性变化。