Assessment,Grade Level and Learning

Researchers have identified assessment as a very crucial influence on the learning strategies adopted by students. The present study carried out on Secondary 2, Secondary 4, and Junior College 2/Pre-University 3 students shows that the Singapore students did not favour the Surface Approach in their learning of English and Mathematics. The nature of the discipline and the cognitive demands of the examinations carried considerable importance for students in their choice of learning strategies. Despite the heavy emphasis on excelling in examinations, students did not rely solely on surface and achieving strategies to attain their goals.     

“Montrose” child life protection unit: A treatment and assessment model in child abuse intervention

In New South Wales, Australia, the Department of Youth and Community Services is empowered by statute to deal with cases of child abuse and neglect. Its child protection services include the Montrose Child Life Protection Unit which is designed to support and complement the work of both the Intake Service, Field Service and most importantly the work of child protective facilities in the community. The service has intake crisis counselling and call out resources; maintains a central register; provides a facility for crisis residential care for children and families, diagnostic assessment, and a day programme. The emphasis in service delivery in New South Wales in the area of child protection is on multidisciplinary intervention. The Department of Youth and Community Services is involved in promoting interagency cooperation and co-ordination. Over and above a philosophy that underlies service delivery is the Montrose Unit's involvement in sensitising the community to the difficult and often demanding role of parenting. Montrose represents an attempt to create an environment where parenting myths can be examined from a reality base and strategies implemented for reeducation.     

领导人才品评价的AHP模型

“品德”是领导人才选拔与测评中的一个重要因素,选用领导人才,一贯坚持“德才兼备”的标准,坚持“任人唯贤”的原则。在当前变革与转轨时期,德更是被放到了前所未有的地位,因此,对领导人才品德的研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文试用AHP法来建立领导人才品德的评价模型。     

Multiple‐Choice Tests and Student Understanding: What Is the Connection?

Instructors can use both “multiple‐choice” (MC) and “constructed response” (CR) questions (such as short answer, essay, or problem‐solving questions) to evaluate student understanding of course materials and principles. This article begins by discussing the advantages and concerns of using these alternate test formats and reviews the studies conducted to test the hypothesis (or perhaps better described as the hope) that MC tests, by themselves, perform an adequate job of evaluating student understanding of course materials. Despite research from educational psychology demonstrating the potential for MC tests to measure the same levels of student mastery as CR tests, recent studies in specific educational domains find imperfect relationships between these two performance measures. We suggest that a significant confound in prior experiments has been the treatment of MC questions as homogeneous entities when in fact MC questions may test widely varying levels of student understanding. The primary contribution of the article is a modified research model for CR/MC research based on knowledge‐level analyses of MC test banks and CR question sets from basic computer language programming. The analyses are based on an operationalization of Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning Goals for the domain, which is used to develop a skills‐focused taxonomy of MC questions. However, we propose that their analyses readily generalize to similar teaching domains of interest to decision sciences educators such as modeling and simulation programming.     

大学生创造性思维培养的可行性建议

高等教育面临着加强培养创新人才教育的严峻挑战。本文从分析现在医学类的大学生在学习理工科课程(本文以《医用电子技术》《医用设备学》《信号与系统》等为例)中经常提问的问题着手,就如何提高知识的系统性,促进学生的创造性展开的。从学生年龄共有的特点出发,分析创造性在教学中可以展开,然后给出在教学中如何展开的建议。     

海水冻融和侵蚀耦合作用下混凝土破坏面演化模型

为了有效评估海水冻融与侵蚀后混凝土的力学性能,基于大型静态和动态刚度伺服压力机进行了混凝土冻融和海水侵蚀后的力学性能试验.对混凝土进行了50,100,200和300次冻融循环,并配置了人工海水;选择了合理的干湿循环机制,对冻融后的混凝土试块进行了10,20,30,40,50和60次干湿循环.对混凝土弹性模量和抗压强度退...     

提高职业教育质量的策略思考

如何提高职业教育质量,是职业教育实现可持续发展必须面对的重大理论和实践问题。职业院校是实施质量战略的真实场所,只有以先进的理念引领质量、以科学的制度规范质量、以文化思想影响质量、以高水平师资保证质量、以课程改革促进质量,才有可能实现提高质量的根本目标。     

Examining the effect of positive behaviour support on academic achievement of students with disabilities

Students who engage in challenging behaviour compromise the fundamental ability of schools to educate children. Consequently, teachers face the daunting task of designing effective strategies to promote positive educational outcomes for their students. Since the 1997 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act amendments, the use of positive behaviour supports (PBS) to address the behavioural needs of children challenged by disabilities has expanded. There is evidence to support the utility of PBS in reducing challenging behaviour among students. However, successful schools are also gauged by the academic achievement of their students. Hence, it is important to examine the extent to which behavioural outcomes are related to academic outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which PBS interventions aimed at reducing challenging behaviour result in corresponding improvement in academic achievement. A meta‐analysis of extant research indicated a positive correlation of 0.40 between improvement in problem behaviour and academic achievement. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: http://youtu.be/c9OUU0GkGrw .     

警惕经济全球化中的世界观倒退

一般看来,经济全球化对我们的影响主要在于人生观、价值观及与之紧密相关的社会主义、集体主义和爱国主义思想,至于世界观,由于它主要和科学昌明程度而不是经济运行方式相联系,所以受经济全球化的影响不大。但如果深入到世界观的内部层次--自我意识和真理标准,探讨它们在经济全球化过程中的变化,可以断定经济全球化对马克思主义世界观教育同样构成挑战。