药用蕨类植物多糖研究进展

蕨类植物多糖复合物具有多种生理活性和药理活性,如抗肿瘤、免疫促进、抗凝血、抗溃疡、降血糖、血脂、抗炎抗疲劳等作用。该文对紫萁、芒萁、半边旗、海金沙等几种蕨类植物多糖的研究概况进行了综述,并对蕨类植物多糖今后的研究进行了展望,提出了一些建议,希望能够对进一步的研究提供帮助。     

正交试验法提取黄芪多糖工艺研究

以黄芪多糖粗提物综合评价,利用L9(34)正交实验从水提醇沉法中优选黄芪多糖最佳提取工艺条件,为黄芪多糖的开发利用提供实验基础。最佳工艺条件为:100℃、4 h、140 mL/10克、pH(8),醇沉以无水、三倍量最佳。     

二型鳞毛蕨多糖提取及含量测定

本文以二型鳞毛蕨为原料,用水提醇沉法从二型鳞毛蕨粉中提取粗多糖,并对提取工艺条件的优化进行了初步探索。结果表明,二型鳞毛蕨粉中提取粗多糖的较佳工艺条件是:浸提温度80℃,料液比1∶30(g/ml),浸提时间2.0h,醇沉溶剂用无水乙醇,醇沉时间24h。在此工艺条件下二型鳞毛蕨多糖的提取率为2.51%。采用硫酸-苯酚比色法,以葡萄糖为标准品,测得二型鳞毛蕨中多糖含量为2.64%。     

不同产地猕猴桃中多糖含量的分析

对不同产地的猕猴桃样品中的多糖含量进行了对比分析.采用连续超声波震荡和醇沉淀法提取样品中的多糖,采用紫外分光光度法对其多糖含量进行分析测定.最大吸收波长为486.1 nm,线性范围为2.857～11.43μg/mL,回收率为97.5%～103.5%,变异系数为0.40%.结果表明:中华猕猴桃的多糖含量高于新西兰奇异果,因此可以说明,不同产地的猕猴桃中多糖的含量是不同的.     

Astragalus mongholicus ameliorates renal fibrosis by modulating HGF and TGF-β in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction

Astragalus mongholicus (AM) derived from the dry root of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine. The present study investigated the potential role of AM on renal fibrosis on a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). We divided 48 Sprague-Dawley rats randomly into 4 groups: sham-operated group (Sham), untreated UUO group, AM-treated (10 g/(kg·d)) UUO group, and losartan-treated (20 mg/(kg·d)) UUO group as positive control. Haematoxylin & eosin (HE) and Masson staining were used to study the dynamic histological changes of the kidneys 7 and 14 d after operation. The expressions of fibronectin (FN), type I collagen (colI), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry staining, and Western blot. Results show that, similar to losartan, AM alleviated the renal damage and decreased the deposition of FN and colI from UUO by reducing the expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA (P<0.05), whereas HGF increased greatly with AM treatment (P<0.05). Our findings reveal that AM could retard the progression of renal fibrosis. The renoprotective effect of AM might be related to inhibition of myofibroblast activation, inducing of HGF and reducing of TGF-β1 expression. Project (No. 30170437) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Astragalus mongholicus ameliorates renal fibrosis by modulating HGF and TGF-β in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction

Astragalus mongholicus (AM) derived from the dry root of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongolicus (Bge.) Hsiao is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine. The present study investigated the potential role of AM on renal fibrosis on a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). We divided 48 Sprague-Dawley rats randomly into 4 groups: sham-operated group (Sham), untreated UUO group, AM-treated (10 g/(kg.d)) UUO group, and losartan-treated (20 mg/(kg.d)) UUO group as positive control. Haematoxylin & eosin (HE) and Masson staining were used to study the dynamic histological changes of the kidneys 7 and 14 d after operation. The expressions of fibronectin (FN), type I collagen (coII), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), transforming growth factor-pi (TGF-βl), and a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry staining, and Western blot. Results show that, similar to losartan, AM alleviated the renal damage and decreased the deposition of FN and colI from UUO by reducing the expressions of TGF-pi and a-SMA (P<0.05), whereas HGF increased greatly with AM treatment (P<0.05). Our findings reveal that AM could retard the progression of renal fibrosis. The renoprotective effect of AM might be related to inhibition of myofibroblast activation, inducing of HGF and reducing of TGF-β1 expression.     

仙人掌中水溶性多糖的分离研究

多糖参与人体生理过程，其作用越来越受到人们的重视，本文成功地用水提法分离出仙人掌的水溶性多糖，并对其作了初步研究。     

天然口蘑及人工培植口蘑中多糖含量的比较

目的:建立口蘑中多糖的测定方法.方法:经苯酚-硫酸显色,采用分光光度法测定含量,λmax=490nm.结果:多糖含量,天然杨树口蘑为14.08%,RSD=2.24%;天然黑口蘑为9.20%,RSD=2.13%;人工培植口蘑为10.90%,RSD=2.07%.结论:该方法操作简单,准确可靠.     

超声波辅助提取苹果中总多糖的方法研究

研究了超声技术对苹果中总多糖提取效果的影响,并在单因素实验的基础上设计了正交实验,确定了超声提取苹果中总多糖的最佳提取工艺．最佳提取工艺为提取时间20min、料液比1／125、超声温度45℃、乙醇浓度50％。采用该条件苹果多糖提取率最高达到55％以上。     

小球藻中多糖的提取、分离与纯化

拟对小球藻中具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤等作用的活性物质成分研究，本文对小球藻多糖的提取与分离进行了初步研究．小球藻 （ｃｈｌｏｒｅｌｌａ　ｓｐｐ．）经光照培养、冻融与超声彼破碎细胞，三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白，通过Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－７５凝胶柱分离可以得到分子量不同的两种多糖，结合醋酸纤维素膜电泳实验证明了同样的结论．