从悲观的角度审视哈代的作品《德伯家的苔丝》

《德伯家的苔丝》是托马斯.哈代最为重要的代表作品和情境小说之一。女主人公苔丝是一个聪明、漂亮、勤劳而善良的女孩,但最终她却被处以绞刑。从苔丝的生活和命运我们可以看出,哈代对待弱势社会中纯洁少女的态度,也可以看出作者自身的悲观态度和某些悲剧色彩。从悲观的角度审视托马斯.哈代的作品《德伯家的苔丝》,我们能更多地了解19世纪英国社会、经济、人民生活和人们对待宗教和虚伪道德的态度。     

文化趋同对英汉翻译的影响分析

文化趋同是文化发展的必然趋势。文化趋同增加了英汉两种语言的共同成分,在一定程度上影响了两种语言中民族物质化、民族意识化、民族地域化和民族社会化的翻译。     

态度习得理论与积极英语学习态度的习得

美国心理学家加涅提出了态度习得的三种学习情景：经典性条件作用,对行为成功的知觉,人类的榜样作用。基于该理论,采用榜样示范法、环境影响法和成功体验法可以帮助学习者习得积极的英语学习态度。     

Exploring the reciprocal relations between mothers’ and fathers’ use and attitudes of corporal punishment in China: A cross-lagged analysis

BackgroundCorporal punishment is a commonly used form of disciplinary technique. Sanctified parental attitudes of corporal punishment have been found to be a significant predictor of parental use of corporal punishment in previous research, while little is currently known about the reciprocal relations between parental use and their attitudes of corporal punishment.ObjectiveThis research aimed to examine the reciprocal relations between mothers’ and fathers’ use and attitudes of corporal punishment in China.MethodsData were collected on a total of 320 Chinese father-mother dyads with their children (10–11 years of age at baseline) through convenience sampling techniques at two time points, one year apart. Parents completed self-report measures of mothers' and fathers' use and attitudes of corporal punishment. Children completed self-report measures of parental corporal punishment.ResultsThe cross-lagged analysis indicated that parental attitudes of corporal punishment in a given year predicted their use of corporal punishment in the subsequent year both for mothers (β = 0.15, p < .01) and fathers (β = 0.10, p < .05), while their corporal punishment in a given year did not predict their attitudes of it in the subsequent year (βs < 0.11, ps > .05).ConclusionsFindings indicate that the reciprocal relations do not emerge, with only attitude-behavior effects being evident for both mothers and fathers, while behavior-attitude effects were not present. Findings in the present study highlight the importance of changing both mothers’ and fathers’ favorable attitudes toward corporal punishment when conducting appropriate prevention intervention to decrease its use.     

Teacher Empathy and Attitudes Towards Individuals with Disabilities

The article presents research results of a study aimed at determining the correlation between empathy understood as a personality disposition and general attitudes towards individuals with disability. The sample consisted of 300 special education teachers working with persons with intellectual disabilities in primary and secondary schools and institutions of rehabilitation, and 280 general education teachers working with able-bodied students in primary and secondary schools. Two instruments were used: Empathic Understanding of Other People Questionnaire, and the Scale of Attitudes towards Individuals with Disability. In the group of special education teachers, only Syndrome 2 of empathy was statistically significant for shaping the attitudes, whereas among teachers, Syndromes 1, 3 and 4 were significant. In Syndromes 1, 2 and 4, including the highest level of emotional, cognitive, motivational and communication aspects of empathy, the correlations were positive as expected. In the case of Syndrome 3, including the considerable level of cognitive empathy, the correlation was negative.     

苏东坡内心调适之道

苏东坡一生仕途坎坷,多次被贬,但他在极其艰难的环境下仍能保持积极乐观的进取精神,尤其是首度被贬黄州,虽然曾痛苦彷徨,但他却凭自己的精神力量,调整了生活态度,身心上得到了自我解脱。苏东坡每到一地,不仅能接受现实,随遇而安,而且在文学创作上取得了巨大成就。他内心自我调适之道,至今还值得我们学习研究;他的人格精神和文学成就成为中华民族宝贵的精神财富。     

生物工程专业微生物学实验内容优化与教学改革

针对生物工程专业微生物学实验教学过程中存在的主要问题,结合生物工程专业的培养目标,以微生物学实验教学内容的优化整合为基础,从微生物学实验材料的选取、教学方式、实验教学安排和实验报告书写等几方面进行了初步的探索和实践,取得了明显的教学效果.     

Cultural values and attitudes toward immigrants and multiculturalism: The case of the Eurobarometer survey on racism and xenophobia

The current paper uses archival data to examine variations in Schwartz's and Hofstede's cultural value orientations and their relationship to attitudes toward immigration and multiculturalism reported in the Eurobarometer Survey [Attitudes towards minority groups in the European Union: a special analysis of the Eurobarometer 2000 opinion poll on behalf of the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia. Eurobarometer Opinion Poll. Retrieved September 1, 2003, from http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/index_en.htm] on racism and xenophobia. The results demonstrated that mastery, masculinity, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and collectivism were associated with weaker support for policies that promote social co-existence. Masculinity and mastery were also linked to more pessimistic attitudes towards multiculturalism, and increased harmony was correlated with less desire for cultural assimilation. The results largely converge with research undertaken at the individual-level of analysis, and the data suggest four clusters of cultural values related to immigration attitudes: humanitarianism-egalitarianism, conservation, collectivism, and instrumentality.     

Culture as an influence on sexting attitudes and behaviors: A differential analysis comparing adolescents from Spain and Colombia

This study analyses the prevalence of sexting and the reasons and attitudes associated with its practice in adolescents with different cultural backgrounds (Colombia and Spain). The sample is made up of 489 Spaniards and 510 Colombians aged between 13 and 18 years. The results show that sexting is strongly influenced by gender and the country, in favor of men and Colombians respectively. The interaction between gender and country establishes that in Spain women and men practice sexting equally, while in Colombia men practice much more sexting than women. Although the practice of sexting increases progressively with age, the levels are higher among Colombian adolescents, especially after 15 years. According to the results, although both groups present a high risk for sexting, socio-cultural aspects and gender constitute differential variables to be taken into consideration. Therefore, it is necessary to design preventive strategies including cultural differences in relation to the sexuality.     

生物技术专业优质实验课程教学改革探索

实验课程是高校课程教学的重要组成部分,以浙江万里学院生物技术专业为例,基于"能力核心、行业导向、项目驱动"教学理念,探讨了面向高水平应用型人才培养的实验教学体系、实验教学方法、实验评价方法的创新与构建.实践表明,生物技术实验课程的教学改革可培养学生的责任感、创新精神,提升学生综合能力.