现代生物技术对反兴奋剂的作用及展望

在查阅大量文献资料的基础上,对现代生物技术在反兴奋剂中的作用进行了综述和分析,认为现代生物技术为兴奋剂的检测提供了技术支持,同时又带来了新的挑战.     

解放战争时期我军俘虏改造的历史经验

解放战争时期我军俘获了大量国民党军俘虏。中共中央采用正确的政策和态度对待俘虏,运用多种方式,有计划的做好俘虏的思想教育工作,针对俘虏不同特点分别进行改造,走群众路线和实行以俘教俘的政策,开展三大运动,把俘虏改造工作引向深入。     

A framework for scaffolding students' assessment of the credibility of evidence

Assessing the credibility of evidence in complex, socio‐scientific problems is of paramount importance. However, there is little discussion in the science education literature on this topic and on how students can be supported in developing such skills. In this article, we describe an instructional design framework, which we call the Credibility Assessment Framework, to scaffold high school students' collaborative construction of evidence‐based decisions and their assessment of the credibility of evidence. The framework was employed for the design of a web‐based reflective inquiry environment on a socio‐scientific issue, and was enacted with 11th grade students. The article describes the components of the Credibility Assessment Framework and provides the details and results of an empirical study illustrating this framework in practice. The results are presented in the form of a case study of how 11th grade students investigated and evaluated scientific data relating to the cultivation of genetically modified plants. Multiple kinds of data were collected, including pre‐ and post‐tests of students' conceptual understanding and their skills in assessing the credibility of evidence, and videotapes of students' collaborative inquiry sessions. The analysis of the pre‐ and post‐tests on students' conceptual understanding of Biotechnology and their skills in assessing the credibility of evidence revealed statistically significant learning gains. Students' work in task‐related artifacts and the analysis of two groups' videotaped discussions showed that students became sensitive to credibility criteria, questioned the sources of data and correctly identified sources of low, moderate, and high credibility. Implications for designers and educators regarding the application of this framework are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 711–744, 2011     

Implicit attitudes toward children may be unrelated to child abuse risk

Objective

To explore whether adults possess implicit attitudes toward children and whether those attitudes are especially negative among respondents who are high in child physical abuse (CPA) risk.

Methods

The present study used an implicit evaluative priming procedure. In this procedure, participants were instructed to make decisions about the evaluative implications of target words. These words were preceded by photographs of child faces or adult faces displaying positive, neutral, or negative expressions. Reaction times for the evaluative decisions were used as an index of the extent to which photos invoked negative or positive evaluative reactions.

Results

Results from 2 studies, the first conducted on a student sample (N = 90) and the second on a parent sample (N = 95), demonstrated that evaluative congruence between the facial expressions displayed in photographs and the target words facilitated responses. Furthermore, the results suggested that regardless of CPA risk, child faces, relative to adult faces, facilitated responses to negative target words, suggesting an out-group bias. This implicit out-group bias was not moderated by respondents’ CPA risk status.

Conclusions

Faces of children, relative to faces of adults, appear to activate negative information structures that facilitate evaluative decisions of negative stimuli, suggesting an out-group bias. Given that out-group biases typically lead to less favorable treatment of out-group members, additional research is needed to examine the pervasiveness of negative evaluative biases towards children and the potential implications of such biases on children's lives. Further, research examining whether high CPA risk parents and low CPA risk parents differ in how they manage initial negative evaluative reactions is needed.     

Pre‐service primary education teachers’ changing attitudes towards teaching: a longitudinal study

This study investigated the longitudinal changes in the attitudes of pre‐service primary education teachers towards the teaching profession as they progressed through training. The results indicate that there is a significant difference in pre‐service teachers’ attitudes towards the profession between their freshman and senior years. Moreover, the findings obtained through interview data have shown that both positive and negative changes occur in pre‐service teachers’ attitudes towards teaching throughout their education, and these changes are observed to be related to teaching practice, cooperating teachers, teacher education institutions and teacher educators.     

促进我国生物产业发展的探索与实践——中国科学院“生物技术创新与生物产业促进计划”的部署与实施

为解决我国生物产业发展过程中遇到的创新动力不足、技术成果转移转化率低的问题,中科院启动了“生物技术创新与生物产业促进计划”并成立了生物产业科技创新联盟,通过建立产学研新模式,带动了产业提升,促进了区域经济发展,为我国生物技术创新和生物产业的快速发展提供了源动力。     

企业互搏意愿与产品创新绩效的实证研究

 近年来,产品创新是企业获取竞争优势和区域产业升级的关键,企业虽能认识到原始性创新的重大意义,但具体落实到行为却很少,导致企业原始性创新不力的根本问题是企业互搏意愿不足。而目前研究尚未明确互搏意愿的内在结构,从而无法解决企业创新实践中的存在认知与行为差异的“知行悖论”。本文以互搏意愿为起点,剖析其内在结构维度,构建“互搏意愿→产品创新绩效”关系模型,并以产品支持作为调节变量,得出企业互搏意愿与产品创新绩效直接相关联。研究结论为企业产品创新或升级决策和提升产品创新绩效提供切实可行的理论框架。     

生物技术专业生物化学实验教学体系改革的探索

本文对生物技术专业生物化学实验教学体系进行了研究,尝试对实验内容进行优化,采用多媒体辅助教学,实施启发式及探究式教学方式,并对实验考核方式进行调整,在教学实践中取得了较好的效果。旨在通过改革,培养出具有独立分析问题、解决问题能力的高素质创新型人才。     

大众传媒视域中后现代主义对大学生婚恋观的影响及引导路径

大众传媒的发展与普及为后现代主义的传播提供了便捷的传播载体。大众传媒承载着丰富的信息,并具有瞬间扩大的效果,其对后现代主义的大肆推崇,对大学生的婚恋观造成了一定的负面影响。因此,有必要探索大众传媒视域中后现代主义对大学生婚恋观的影响,分析后现代主义对大学生婚恋观影响的特征,帮助大学生树立正确的婚恋观。     

南通生物医药产业的现状、问题及对策

根据对上百家企业的数据调研,分析了南通生物技术与新医药产业的现状,指出了存在的问题和成因,由此提出了＂七个三＂的对策措施。旨在从南通产业基础出发,积极创造市场主导下的政府大力推进和支持的宏观环境,充分利用南通区域的资源优势和传统医药产品的品牌效应,依托科学规划、人才领先、技术创新、结构调整、产业集聚,培育南通生物医药产业的国际竞争力。