邓小平和江泽民知识分子思想的比较研究

邓小平和江泽民结合他们所处的社会历史条件 ,对知识分子问题作了大量的论述 ,形成了它们各自的知识分子思想。研究比较二者的这一思想 ,体会其中的规律性 ,有利于认识和把握进而完善当前党的知识分子政策 ,对社会主义现代化建设有重要的现实意义     

Exploring the reciprocal relations between mothers’ and fathers’ use and attitudes of corporal punishment in China: A cross-lagged analysis

BackgroundCorporal punishment is a commonly used form of disciplinary technique. Sanctified parental attitudes of corporal punishment have been found to be a significant predictor of parental use of corporal punishment in previous research, while little is currently known about the reciprocal relations between parental use and their attitudes of corporal punishment.ObjectiveThis research aimed to examine the reciprocal relations between mothers’ and fathers’ use and attitudes of corporal punishment in China.MethodsData were collected on a total of 320 Chinese father-mother dyads with their children (10–11 years of age at baseline) through convenience sampling techniques at two time points, one year apart. Parents completed self-report measures of mothers' and fathers' use and attitudes of corporal punishment. Children completed self-report measures of parental corporal punishment.ResultsThe cross-lagged analysis indicated that parental attitudes of corporal punishment in a given year predicted their use of corporal punishment in the subsequent year both for mothers (β = 0.15, p < .01) and fathers (β = 0.10, p < .05), while their corporal punishment in a given year did not predict their attitudes of it in the subsequent year (βs < 0.11, ps > .05).ConclusionsFindings indicate that the reciprocal relations do not emerge, with only attitude-behavior effects being evident for both mothers and fathers, while behavior-attitude effects were not present. Findings in the present study highlight the importance of changing both mothers’ and fathers’ favorable attitudes toward corporal punishment when conducting appropriate prevention intervention to decrease its use.     

枯草芽孢杆菌基因组知识的生物学意义及对生物工程学的影响

基因组学的出现极大地影响了微生物学的基础研究和应用研究．枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillussubtilis）是一个用于基础研究和生物工艺研究的重要模式细菌．从它的基因组获得的知识远比长期以来用传统的方法获得的信息要多．通过先进的方法分析其基因组和转录组，基本弄清了关于枯草芽孢杆菌染色体结构的信息，已经达到了能够阐明其基因表达过程的水平，使得完全掌握枯草芽孢杆菌分泌途径的生物化学操作成为可能，这将成为生物工艺学的重大成果、在理论上，随着对它的分析越来越细致，已经阐明一个遗传学的海量信息的新观念，直至获得理解再造一个细胞所需的最小的基因组的知识．总之，枯草芽孢杆菌基因组知识已经明显地更新了基础知识向应用微生物学和生物工艺学转化的途径，并使这种细菌成为后基因组微生物学的重要工具．     

转基因抗病、虫植物应用及其安全性

转基因植物给人们的生产、生活带来了革命性的变化,生物安全问题如生态风险等成为一个国际争论焦点。本文综述了转抗病、虫基因应用的成就和生物安全性问题。转基因植物的应用,重点在于加强对其管理和安全应用。     

美国对台政策的演变及中国的对策研究

中华人民共和国成立后,美国对台政策经历了三个阶段的演变,从其“变”的过程中可以总结出三条“不变”的基本规律。根据这些不变的规律,中国必须围绕自身国家利益制定对台工作的基本方略,同时要借助于“大两岸”(中国—美国)关系推动“小两岸”(大陆—台湾)关系的发展,要继续贯彻“寄希望于台湾人民”的方针,加大两岸经贸整合,最终实现中国的国家统一。     

从《聊斋志异》看蒲松龄的情爱观

蒲松龄的情爱观具有复杂的内涵和大胆的反封建反礼教的时代意义。同时也揭示了“以情反理”与“以理渗情”相互交织的矛盾与困惑，这在其作《聊斋志异》中有明显的体现。     

Teacher Empathy and Attitudes Towards Individuals with Disabilities

The article presents research results of a study aimed at determining the correlation between empathy understood as a personality disposition and general attitudes towards individuals with disability. The sample consisted of 300 special education teachers working with persons with intellectual disabilities in primary and secondary schools and institutions of rehabilitation, and 280 general education teachers working with able-bodied students in primary and secondary schools. Two instruments were used: Empathic Understanding of Other People Questionnaire, and the Scale of Attitudes towards Individuals with Disability. In the group of special education teachers, only Syndrome 2 of empathy was statistically significant for shaping the attitudes, whereas among teachers, Syndromes 1, 3 and 4 were significant. In Syndromes 1, 2 and 4, including the highest level of emotional, cognitive, motivational and communication aspects of empathy, the correlations were positive as expected. In the case of Syndrome 3, including the considerable level of cognitive empathy, the correlation was negative.     

大众传媒视域中后现代主义对大学生婚恋观的影响及引导路径

大众传媒的发展与普及为后现代主义的传播提供了便捷的传播载体。大众传媒承载着丰富的信息,并具有瞬间扩大的效果,其对后现代主义的大肆推崇,对大学生的婚恋观造成了一定的负面影响。因此,有必要探索大众传媒视域中后现代主义对大学生婚恋观的影响,分析后现代主义对大学生婚恋观影响的特征,帮助大学生树立正确的婚恋观。     

生物类三大本科专业人才培养模式的比较研究

本文对生物工程、生物技术和生物科学三大本科专业的培养目标、素质和知识结构、课程设置、技能要求、实践教学环节,以及实验实践条件配制等人才培养模式方面进行比较阐述,提出了三个层面三个层次的实践教学体系;生物通用实验室以满足生物科学专业教学为主、专业性实验室以满足生物技术和工程专业教学为主、实训实践基地以满足生物工程专业教学为主的建设目标,使用实行预约登记制;强化学生自主学习能力培养,推进学生个性发展和完善等思路,为生物类三大本科专业人才培养模式的制定提供参考.     

Science and it’s Images – Promise and Threat: From Classic Literature to Contemporary Students’ Images of Science and “The Scientist”

The physical and social image of the scientist among school children, student teachers, and teachers over the last 50 years was investigated. Interest has also been shown in the perception of the personality behind the physical stereotype. Nevertheless, the value judgments of science and scientists and the positive and negative mind–sets attaching to these judgments in our society were less investigated, either in Israel or abroad. In this investigation models given to science and scientists in the classical literature and by some popular science writers were investigated, together with contemporary learners’ views. The populations consist of 125 high school students from Israel. Several tools were used during this investigation to decipher the images of science: Closed questionnaire, writing an essay, and semistructured collective interviews. Classical authors have pessimistic views about science and the scientists. Most models are unfavorable, and criticize the scientists: The mad and monstrous scientist (Frankenstein), the scientist who is alienated from human life (The Physicists), the scientist who is cut off from reality, the “geek” (Gulliver’s Travels), the scientist whose irresponsible research is harmful to the environment (Jurassic Park), the scientist who hungers for knowledge at any cost (Faust). The positive images found especially in the popular science literature: the scientist who cures diseases (Microbe Hunters), the scientist who has professional integrity (Galaxies), the scientist who keeps to the rules of the scientific method to obtain objective results (Wrinkles in Time). We found that some expressions relating to fear of science which have appeared in the classics since the beginning of the 18^th century were found in a similar way with students of the 21^st century, while others expressed that same fear in different ways. There was also an identification with Swift’s “unsociable and unemotional” scientists. Alongside the existence of expressions of fear of science, and mainly ambivalent opinions of students toward science, the dominant picture that stands out in this study is that our contemporary students are pro science, and regard science as a useful area of society.