Academic users’ interactions with ScienceDirect in search tasks: Affective and cognitive behaviors

This article presents part of phase 2 of a research project funded by the NSF-National Science Digital Library Project, which observed how academic users interact with the ScienceDirect information retrieval system for simulated class-related assignments. The ultimate goal of the project is twofold: (1) to find ways to improve science and engineering students’ use of science e-journal systems; (2) to develop methods to measure user interaction behaviors. Process-tracing technique recorded participants’ processes and interaction behaviors that are measurable; think-aloud protocol captured participants’ affective and cognitive verbalizations; pre- and post-search questionnaires solicited demographic information, prior experience with the system, and comments. We explored possible relationships between affective feelings and cognitive behaviors. During search interactions both feelings and thoughts occurred frequently. Positive feelings were more common and were associated more often with thoughts about results. Negative feelings were associated more often with thoughts related to the system, search strategy, and task. Learning styles are also examined as a factor influencing behavior. Engineering graduate students with an assimilating learning style searched longer and paused less than those with a converging learning style. Further exploration of learning styles is suggested.     

Evaluating epistemic uncertainty under incomplete assessments

The thesis of this study is to propose an extended methodology for laboratory based Information Retrieval evaluation under incomplete relevance assessments. This new methodology aims to identify potential uncertainty during system comparison that may result from incompleteness. The adoption of this methodology is advantageous, because the detection of epistemic uncertainty – the amount of knowledge (or ignorance) we have about the estimate of a system’s performance – during the evaluation process can guide and direct researchers when evaluating new systems over existing and future test collections. Across a series of experiments we demonstrate how this methodology can lead towards a finer grained analysis of systems. In particular, we show through experimentation how the current practice in Information Retrieval evaluation of using a measurement depth larger than the pooling depth increases uncertainty during system comparison.     

用于实践性教学的电磁场与波智能实验系统

文章在既有的电磁场与波实验系统基础上,设计并实现了1套全新的用于实践性教学的电磁场与波智能实验系统。该系统不仅改进了既有实验系统在长期教学实践中体现出的种种不足,更扩展了该系统的实验接口,为以后该实验系统的功能扩展提供了有力保障。通过串口网络的引用,使得以前孤立的实验平台和教师PC有机地结合起来,使得计算机辅助教学和实践性教学这两大电磁场与波辅助教学手段的结合成为了可能,为未来电磁场与波实践性教学提供了新的方向和更加广阔的前景。     

基于COBOL语言的企业薪资系统的设计研究

商业领域的数据处理日益庞大,相应的要使用大型机系统,首选开发语言COBOL,它对海量数据的收集、统计、分类和加工等有着强大的优势。本文使用COBOL开发跨国企业薪资处理系统,以期能对庞杂的数据进行高速、高效的处理。     

How medical practice evolves: Learning to treat failing hearts with an implantable device

In this article we propose that medical practice evolves as a result of progress along three different pathways: improvement in the ability to develop effective medical technologies, learning in medical practice, and advances in biomedical scientific understanding of disease. The relative importance of these three pathways varies from case to case, and often they interact strongly. More specifically, we argue here that in cases of therapeutic innovation where a new medical technology is involved the advance in medical practice is driven largely by the ability to develop and use effective medical artifacts and the interactive sequence among these interdependent pathways often starts with what is learned in practice and not in science. While we state this argument in general, we develop it in detail in a longitudinal and contextual case study of the emergence and evolution of a treatment for advanced heart failure based on an implantable device, the Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD). Our findings show that an essential aspect of the evolution of the LVAD therapy is collective and cumulative learning that requires experience that only can be gained through the actual use of LVADs. We discuss the theoretical and policy implications that follow from our understanding of how medical practice evolves for research on the evolution of medical practices and new medical technologies, and policies about the evaluation of rapidly moving medical practices and clinical research involved in their advancement.     

基于Struts框架的简易考勤管理系统的实现

Struts框架是一个用于开发Java Web应用程序的软件框架。在介绍了一个简易考勤管理系统功能的基础上,描述了基于Struts框架的考勤管理系统的设计与实现方法。Struts框架的使用提高了开发效率和系统的可维护性。     

多元主体需求下的专利预警研究回顾与展望

以现有专利预警相关文献为研究对象,通过系统回顾与深度分析,对多元主体需求下的专利预警研究现状进行总结与梳理,分析其主要特征,并提出促进专利预警研究创新发展的改进思路与方向.研究发现:目前针对专利预警的概念内涵主要围绕专利威胁态势、专利竞争风险和专利侵权纠纷等视角展开探讨,关于专利预警机制建立的必要性、基本原则、关键作用...     

基于DECE算法的蓝牙通讯加密

本文在分析蓝牙通讯加密技术缺陷的基础上,提出了DECE通讯加密算法,使得蓝牙对于数据通讯的保密性得到了强化。该算法也可用于网络中的嵌入式设备。     

基于嵌入性理论的产业集群概念框架及其作用机制研究

从嵌入性分类角度入手,在前人研究的基础上将嵌入性划分为制度嵌入性、网络嵌入性和文化嵌入性3个维度,在此基础上构建基于嵌入性理论的产业集群研究构架,探究嵌入性3个维度之间的相互作用机制对产业集群发展的影响。     

需求扰动下闭环供应链收益共享契约协调仿真研究

以系统动力学为基本研究方法,运用收益共享契约对突发事件引起需求扰动的三级闭环供应链系统进行协调,通过对契约决策系统动力学模型仿真结果的定量分析,给出各节点企业协调应对需求扰动的最优契约策略。研究发现:收益共享契约可以很好地协调需求扰动下的闭环供应链,但在契约实施过程中,契约参数的设定尤为重要,可以为实际中闭环供应链的应急管理提供有益的指导。