注重能力培养做到因需而变--高职教育改革初探

文中主要从因需而变的专业设置，注重能务的课程体系构建，追求应用能力的教学改革，培养关键能力的综合教育等方面对高职教育进行初步的探讨，旨在探索出一条适合高职教育之路。     

高中学优生与学困生学习适应性的比较研究

中学生不同的学习适应行为反映了不同的学习目标定向。采用《瑞文标准推理测验》和《学习适应性测验》,对高一、高二年级学优生与学困生进行测查比较,结果表明：1,在总体上,学优生学习适应性显著高于学困生;2．高中生学习适应性的性别差异不显著,高一年级学优生学习适应性显著高于高二年级,学困生学习适应性的年级差异不显著;3．学优生倾向于掌握目标的定向,学困生倾向于业绩表现的目标定向。     

“专家系统”教学的认知教学理论基础及其教学实施

高中信息技术课程标准对《人工智能初步》选修课程中"专家系统"模块的教学要求是:学会使用一个简易的专家系统外壳并能用它开发简单的专家系统。文章在分析了专家系统与其外壳之间关系的基础上,详细论述了"利用外壳开发专家系统"这一教学模式的认知教学理论基础,最后介绍了以认知教学理论为基础的该教学模式的一个具体应用案例。     

Multiple Outcomes of Class Visits to Natural History Museums: The Students’ View

The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the range of outcomes of class visits to natural history museums. The theoretical framework is based on the multifaceted process of learning in free choice learning environments, and emphasizes the unique and individual learning experience in museum settings. The study’s significance is in highlighting several possible cognitive as well as non-cognitive learning effects in museums class visits, by providing the student’s point of view. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews with 50 students in grades 6–8 on the day following the visit. We present evidence that students expressed several learning outcomes, connected directly and indirectly to the scientific content of the visit. Content oriented outcomes included acquiring scientific knowledge and making connections to prior knowledge; social oriented outcomes were identified in students’ statements regarding communicating knowledge and social aspects of learning; and interest oriented outcomes were evidenced by students’ expressions about emotions, interest and curiosity. The aggregate data addressed the common outcomes and the impact of class visits to natural history museums in the short term. Comparisons between two types of museums show significant differences in several aspects, regarding the exhibit and/or the activity type. Practical ideas for structuring the ultimate experience are included.     

Teachers’ perceptions of assessments of their mathematical knowledge in a professional development course

The purpose of the project reported in this article was to evaluate how assessing teachers’ mathematical knowledge within a professional development course impacted from the teachers’ perspective their learning and their experience with the course. The professional development course consisted of a 2-week summer institute and the content focus was geometry. We had decided to assess the mathematical learning of the teachers during this professional development course for various accountability reasons, but were concerned about possible negative by-products of this decision on the teachers and their participation. Thus, we worked to design assessment in ways that we hoped would minimize negative impacts and maintain a supportive learning environment. In addition, we undertook this evaluation to examine the impacts of the assessment, which included homework, quizzes, various projects, and an examination for program evaluation. Seventeen grade 5–9 teachers enrolled in the course participated in the study by completing written reflections and by describing their experiences in interviews. We learned that while our original intent was “to do no harm,” the teachers reported that their learning was enhanced by the assessment. The article concludes by describing the various properties of the assessments that the teachers identified as contributing to their learning of the geometry content, many of which align with current recommendations for assessing and evaluating grade K-16 mathematics students.

广西隆林各民族及中小学的用语状况和趋势

隆林各族自治县是个多语地区。调查发现：语的使用者有扩大的趋势;仡佬族多数已转用汉语;西南官话是隆林各族人民的共同交际语;偏苗话是苗族六个支系的“普通话”。隆林县双语者占全县总人口的98%,壮语使用人口占全县总人口的62%。隆林各民族在本族内使用自己的语言,在社会上通用西南官话,但他们中的绝大多数人都主张在中小学使用汉语普通话教学。并且该县目前绝大多数中小学都已经用普通话教学。因此,可以预测,隆林县说普通话的人口将在5～10年内达到98%以上,成为与西南官话使用人口相等的第二共同交际语。     

运用学习结果分类理论改善课堂教学设计

传统的课堂教学设计在学习者分析、学习目标、策略设计和教学评价等几方面存在着不足．难以体现“以学生为本”的现代课堂教学设计的基本理念。运用R·M·加涅的学习结果分类理论可以改善现有的课堂教学设计,可以使错综复杂的课堂教学有一定的规律可循。     

中学生网络学习调查研究

随着网络教育的发展和教育部“校校通”工程的实施,许多中小学生开始接触或参与网络教育,研究发现在网络学习中大约有三分之一的中学生存在各种各样的学习问题,不能适应网络学习,本文将采用课堂观察和问卷调查的研究方式,来探讨这一问题。     

工程学科实施远程教育的难点分析

开放教育中工程学科实施远程教育难度大、通过率低、流失率高,我们从学习者、学习资源、学习环境和学习支持服务等方面分析了工程学科实施远程教育的难点,并初步探讨在导学群支持服务体系下,克服难点开展远程教学的措施。