Balancing authority and autonomy in higher education by implementing an agile project management approach

This article develops and implements an agile management approach in higher education. Such an approach follows core practices, such as project plans. The project manager has to identify the agility drivers that represent changes and pressures; prioritize agility capabilities to take advantage of changes; identify agility providers to obtain agility capabilities; and make managerial choices to manage the project. The object of the study is a department at a public university; it must follow the institutional framework and laws, and the university and faculty decisions, strategies and policies. The article discusses how agility can be created in such circumstances.     

学生网上自主学习策略与成效调查研究

通过对学生网上自主学习的跟踪记录和对部分学生的问卷调查，发现网上自主学习模式对提高学生的学习效率和学习自主性有着至关重要的作用。但调查同时发现部分学生缺乏自主性，学习计划性与自我监控能力。因此，提出在主题式教学活动中，应采取多种步骤和方法培养学生自主性学习的关键元认知策略。     

Sustainable development of science and scientists: Academic training in life science labs

Academic training, where senior scientists transfer their knowledge and skills to junior scientists through apprenticeship, plays a crucial role in the development of scientists. This study focuses on two aspects of academic training, autonomy and exploration, to investigate how different modes of training are incentivized and how they affect junior scientists’ performance and career prospects. Drawing on a sample of 162 supervising professors and their 791 PhD students in life science labs in Japanese universities, this study suggests two fundamental conflicts in academic training. First, autonomy granted to PhD students under apprenticeship improves their long-term performance but decreases short-term performance. Because the latter effect costs supervisors, while the former does not benefit them in general, this inter-temporal tradeoff creates an incentive conflict between supervisors and students, inducing non-autonomous training. The short-term cost for supervisors can be compensated in the form of labor input or reputation gain from previous students in the long term, but this typically happens when students are trained with limited scope of exploration, which hinders the originality of students’ knowledge production. This reduces the diversity of knowledge production, presenting another incentive conflict between individual scientists and the collective scientific community.     

试析网络环境下“文件夹管理”对大学生英语自主学习能力的培养

1引言网络环境下的教学强调以学习者为主体的自主学习。在网络环境下,学生学习的成效取决于学生个性化学习方法的形成和学生自主学习能力的发展《大学英语课程要求》。在网     

Complex problem solving in L1 education: Senior high school students' knowledge of the language problem-solving process

The solving of reasoning problems in first language (L1) education can produce an understanding of language, and student autonomy in language problem solving, both of which are contemporary goals in senior high school education. The purpose of this study was to obtain a better understanding of senior high school students' knowledge of the language problem-solving process. Fifty-three 11th-grade high school students solved standard, comprehension, and linguistic reasoning problems. Before solving the problems, the participants had filled in open-ended questions inquiring about their knowledge regarding the effectiveness of a chosen problem-solving strategy. Content analysis of the responses indicated four categories and nine subcategories. The implications of the relatively few responses in the category of explicit knowledge of the language problem-solving process are discussed in the light of the changing needs of L1 students.     

Motivating College Students: An Exploration of Psychological Needs from a Communication Perspective

The purpose of this study was to identify the various ways that instructors communicatively fulfill college students’ basic psychological needs (i.e. autonomy, competence, relatedness) in the classroom. Participants were 119 undergraduate students who completed open-ended, self-report questionnaires. Analyses of the coded data revealed that a variety of instructor communication behaviors and practices previously identified in the effective teaching literature fulfill students’ needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. According to Deci and Ryan’s (1985) self-determination theory, the fulfillment of these needs intrinsically motivates students to learn, develops their cognitive capacities, and equips them for short-term and long-term success.     

希腊高等教育:政府举办与学校自治

希腊高等教育具有政府举办、学校自治的特征.希腊宪法规定高等教育是公立的,高校实行完全免费政策.希腊绝大多数高等教育机构在行政体制上由国家教育与宗教事务部管理,少数由其它部委监管;法律赋予高等学校完全的自治权和学术自由,在学校内部运行和管理上有完善的学校制度.     

浅析交互影响距离理论及其对学习支持服务的指导意义

交互影响距离理论以对话、结构、学习者的自主性三者之间的动态关系来分析远程教育,对远程开放教育学习支持服务具有重要的指导意义,即针对学生的需求特点,通过加强师生之间的对话交流,采用结构化媒体材料等支持服务缩短师生距离,并注意距离的适度问题,以有利于发挥学生的学习自主性。     

试析邓小平民族区域自治理论与发展

邓小平的民族区域自治理论是其民族理论的重要组成部分和建设有中国特色社会主义理论的内容之一。学习和探究这一理论对于新时期民族工作，以及实现民族平等、团结、共同繁荣有着重要的意义。本文从几个方面阐述了邓小平民族区域自治理论的主要内容及其发展。     

论民族区域自治法与民族发展权保障

实施民族区域自治法要解决的根本问题是民族发展,民族发展权是我国执政党在民族问题上的基本主张和政策,是我国宪法和法律在民族问题上的基本内容和原则。长期的人治理念和权力行为方式影响了民族区域自治法的实施和民族发展权的落实,成为民族自治地方发展滞后的重要原因之一。因此,必须通过制度创新不断完善我国的法律运行机制,改变依靠权力实施民族区域自治法的传统做法,形成依靠法治来保障和实现民族发展权的运行机制。