Der Entwurf strukturierter rollenbasierter Zugriffskontrollmodelle

Zusammenfassung. In diesem Beitrag wird ein formaler Ansatz zur Ableitung von Zugriffsrechten auf der Basis eines formalen Organisationsmodells vorgestellt. Hierzu wird der Ansatz der rollenbasierten Zugriffskontrolle (engl. Role-Based Access Control, kurz RBAC) um die M?glichkeit erweitert, Aufbauorganisationen zu modellieren. Der Vorteil gegenüber rollenbasierten Ans?tzen mit einfachen Rollenhierarchien ist die klare Struktur, die einem Zugriffskontrollmodell durch die Organisationsform aufgepr?gt wird. Des Weiteren k?nnen organisatorische Regelungen, wie z.B. Urlaubsvertretung oder Weisungsbefugnis, direkt im Modell hinterlegt werden. Aufwendig zu pflegende und h?ufig inkonsistente Rollenkataloge werden obsolet. Sicherheitsstrategien mit unpr?zisen Vorgaben lassen sich mittels der vorgestellten Technik der sog. `Kompetenzerweiterung' umsetzen. Das zugrundeliegende Paradigma des vorgestellten Ansatzes unterscheidet sich stark von anderen Ans?tzen mit statischer Autorisation. Nutzer k?nnen sich Zugriffsrechte in fest definierten Grenzen selbstverantwortlich zuteilen, wobei jedoch eine nachtr?gliche Kontrolle stark vereinfacht und damit praktikabel wird. Eingegangen am 22. Februar 2001 / Angenommen am 22. Mai 2001     

甘肃省师专院校体育专业实习教育现状及对策

分析甘肃省师专院校体育教育专业教育实习发现,目前体育专业实习存在着教师力量不足、时间较短、形式单一、内容偏少、对实习教育总结不够重视等问题.针对当前现状和对人才培养的要求,应该围绕毕业实习,对教师和学生同时提出要求,形成良好的教育实习循环.     

三元混配化合物的极谱研究--Phosphonic-、Amino-acid-Eu体系稳定性

以脉冲极谱法研究了用有机磷酸和氨基酸作为配体与Eu(Ⅲ)形成两元及三元体系配合物的极谱行为.模拟生理条件,在μ=O.1(NaCl)、T=310±0.2K条件下,电极过程为准可逆;测定了配合物的稳定常数;讨论了复杂体系各配合物稳定性差异及其影响因素.     

Wiederverwendbare Algorithmenschemata in ML am Beispiel von Graphdurchlauf-Problemen

Zusammenfassung. Die Programmierung von Algorithmenschemata durch die Parameterisierung von Programmteilen ist eine M?glichkeit der Wiederverwendung von Software. Dieser Ansatz wird insbesondere von der funktionalen Programmiersprache ML durch eine sehr ausgereifte Modulsprache mit Signaturen, Strukturen und strukturabbildenden Funktoren unterstützt. In diesem Artikel demonstrieren wir, wie man auf diese Weise Parameterisierung und Wiederverwendung realisieren kann. Dabei wird eine Anwendung, n?mlich schematischer Graphdurchlauf mit Vererbung und Synthese als Verallgemeinerung des vom übersetzerbau her bekannten Prinzips, im Detail vorgestellt; einige weitere Anwendungsbereiche werden skizziert. Eingegangen am 21. Februar 1996 / Angenommen am 20. August 1996     

集铢聚珍新意盎然——《苏州民国艺文志》的价值浅探

论文提出《苏州民国艺文志》蕴含价值，充满新意，堪称创新之作。它是研究民国时期江南乃至全国艺文现象的史料书、工具书，具有较高的资源价值、史料价值和参考价值。     

论图书馆的电子书服务及数字版权管理

电子书产业是伴随因特网发展而出现的一个新的产业，是数字化图书馆建设中的重要组成部分。本文从我国电子书服务的现状和数字版权管理等方面来论述数字图书馆的电子书发展。     

‘The feeling of exclusion’: Young peoples' perceptions of art galleries

This article first looks at the relationship between museums and art galleries and their potential audiences and, in particular, the under-represented sector of young visitors. It examines the main findings from the limited research available on young visitors, and goes on to discuss theories delineating the differences between the cultures, identities and values of culture consumers and culture providers. The second part of the article looks at what specific museums have done towards being more inclusive in their appeal, and then reports the findings of a survey of young people in relation to New Zealand's Auckland Art Gallery. The survey found that young people's ideas of what constitutes modern, relevant art do not match standard art criteria, and that most exhibitions and marketing methods do not mesh with their worldview. The article concludes by using data from the survey to suggest ways of engaging more young people with public art galleries.     

Methods for studying family visitors in art museums: A cross-disciplinary review of current research

This paper examines current trends in family studies research, details the methodological and topical perspectives that are emerging, and reflects on how these findings could be integrated to provide a more coherent approach to researching the leisure, learning and recreational aspects of family visitors to art museums. Research findings from disciplines such as sociology, ethnography, education, design and marketing are of interest to the field of visitor studies, and this paper contributes to the wider research agenda by providing an overview of family research methods from a range of other disciplines, as well as those used within visitor studies.Over the last decade, there has been a growth of research in family learning in science museums, leading to an emerging disciplinary matrix, whilst many aspects of family visits to art museums remain relatively unexplored. The paper discusses the problems of gathering meaningful data from adults and children in family groups, and concludes by suggesting that a challenge for art museums is to learn from what is happening in other areas of cultural research into families, and to develop a framework for research which builds on the methodological strengths and practical experience of robust studies.     

Essentialism, adaptation and justice: Towards a new epistemology of museums

This article treats the prevalent confused mixture of utilitarian, art-and-knowledge-for-their-own-sake and ideological interpretations of the purpose of museums as a problem of epistemology, arguing that that key dimensions of museum knowledge (of objects, visitors, museums themselves, and of society) need to be integrated to achieve coherence. A new object-based, visitor-centred, storytelling epistemology is proposed. This would take an interdisciplinary approach and aim to unleash, rather than mute the real power of objects. It would address human destructiveness, as well as celebrating human creativity and the wonders of nature. It would respect the meaning-making practices of real, as opposed to idealized, imaginary visitors, and promote staff self-awareness in managing bureaucratic drift into introversion and avoidance of difficult issues. Incorporating a theory of justice, it would erode boundaries created by presentation traditions which, though marginal to object experiences, discriminate in favour of specific social groups—often groups with whom staff identify. Providing a museum service on a visibly fair basis is essential for museums to achieve intellectual coherence as well as societal support.     

Using special events to motivate visitors to attend art galleries

The contemporary directions of art galleries worldwide are changing as social patterns and demands, as well as visitor expectations of their experiences at art galleries, change. New programs and strategies are being developed in galleries to make these institutions more appealing to people who would not normally visit them, and one such strategy is the staging of special events. However, because galleries are staging an increasing number of special events, the factors motivating visitors to attend these institutions are changing. Visitors hope to have different experiences and encounters in the gallery during special events. This paper presents the findings from a study in Australia about visitors’ motivations to attend special events in galleries. It highlights the different factors that motivate visitors to attend the gallery specifically for a special event in comparison to visiting the gallery's permanent collections.