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Sial RA Chaudhary MF Abbas ST Latif MI Khan AG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(12):974-980
Of 6634 registered industries in Pakistan, 1228 are considered to be highly polluting. The major industries include textile, pharmaceutical, chemicals (organic and inorganic), food industries, ceramics, steel, oil mills and leather tanning which spread all over four provinces, with the larger number located in Sindh and Punjab, with smaller number in North Western Frontier Province (NWFP) and Baluchistan. Hattar Industrial Estate extending over 700 acres located in Haripur district of NWFP is a new industrial estate, which has been developed with proper planning for management of industrial effluents. The major industries located in Hattar are ghee industry, chemical (sulfuric acid, synthetic fiber) industry, textile industry and pharmaceuticals industry. These industries, although developed with proper planning are discharging their effluents in the nearby natural drains and ulti- mately collected in a big drain near Wah. The farmers in the vicinity are using these effluents for growing vegetables and cereal crops due to shortage of water. In view of this discussion, there is a dire need to determine if these effluents are hazardous for soil and plant growth. So, effluents from different industries, sewage and normal tap water samples were collected and analysed for pH electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble salts (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen, cations and anions and heavy metals. The effluents ofghee and textile industries are highly alkaline. EC and TSS loads of ghee and textile industries are also above the National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS), Pakistan. All the effluents had residual sodium carbonates (RSCs), carbonates and bicarbonates in amounts that cannot be used for irrigation. Total toxic metals load in all the effluents is also above the limit i.e. 2,0 mg/L. Copper in effluents of textile and sewage, manganese in ghee industry effluents and iron contents in all the effluents were higher than NEQS. BOD and COD values of all the industries are also above the NEQS. On the whole, these effluents cannot be used for irrigation without proper treatment otherwise that may cause toxicity to soil, plants and animals as well add to the problems of salinity and sododicity. Similarly, these effluents cannot be used for fish farming. 相似文献
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污水样微核率与COD值和BOD值的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验检测湛河水体中是否存在致突变因子污染,方法准确可靠,但工作量较大。针对固定的监测水体,利用微核率与COD值和BOD值的相关性,建立回归方程,便可用水样的COD值或BOD值来估计其微核率。沿湛河采集18个样点的污水作为水样测定其微核千分率(MCN‰)、COD值和BOD值,分析表明,CODMn和BOD与微核千分率的相关系数(r)分别为0.91和0.93,均存在极显著的相关关系,由此分别建立其回归方程为Y=0.0737XCOD+3.2853,Y=0.161XBOD+5.9622。 相似文献
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王清 《科技成果管理与研究》2010,(9):83-85
近年来,城市化发展日益迅速、工业化进程推进加快,水污染越来越严重,水环境保护的压力日益加大,城市污水检测、处理水平已成为一个城市文明程度的重要标志,成为制约城市可持续发展的重要因素。文章就如何运用生化需氧量检测污水做相关探讨,希望能为污水处理探索一条便捷之路。 相似文献
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在对抚仙湖入湖河流BOD5进行分析的过程中,对几种接种液的来源、配比、预处理及接种稀释水的配制方法进行了研究,并通过一系列的实验数据说明了这些配制方法的可行性. 相似文献
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探讨生物处理净化出水的BOD5测定了硝化作用产生的干扰问题,验证氨氮硝化的耗氧量对BOD5测定结果的影响,为得到BOD5的准确结果,可以在生物处理净化后的水样中加入ATU,消除干扰。 相似文献
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采用隔油——气浮——CASS——过滤工艺处理高浓度油漆生产废水,工程运行稳定,出水水质达到国家一级排放标准。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(1):78-85
Abstract Measuring body composition in athletes can provide valuable information on training and nutritional status. The aim of this study was to compare percentage body fat (PF) obtained by hydrostatic weighing (HW) to PF via air-displacement plethysmography (ADP), and to evaluate tracking of individual differences between both methods over time in elite college athletes. Thirty-one male and 33 female athletes (18.0–36.4 years) were measured by ADP and HW. Twenty-one subjects (10 men, 11 women) were measured again 61±11 days later to evaluate consistency of individual differences between methods. Mean PF differed significantly in men (HW: 9.4±2.4%, ADP: 11.3±3.4%, P<0.05) but not in women (HW: 19.1±2.4%, ADP: 19.5±3.7%). A significant trend in mean bias was found in both genders between HW-ADP suggesting an underestimation of PF by ADP at lower mean PF and an overestimation of PF by ADP at higher mean PF. Up to 73% of variance in differences between methods at follow-up was explained by differences between methods at the first measurement occasion. Both densitometric methods cannot be used interchangeably when measuring and tracking the body composition of individual elite athletes using a 2-component model of body composition. Differences between methods appear to track within an individual. The individual-specific causes of these differences remain to be determined. 相似文献