澳大利亚职业技能竞赛体系及其国际化研究

澳大利亚以世界技能大赛为标杆,形成了“地区—国家—世赛”职业技能竞赛体系,同时创立了全球技能挑战赛这一具有自身特色的国际职业技能竞赛品牌,并广泛参与竞赛相关的国际交流与合作,在世界职业技能教育与培训领域形成了一定影响力。通过实地考察和相关文献梳理所得出的澳大利亚职业技能竞赛组织和国际交流活动经验,将为我国优化职业技能竞赛组织和打造具有广泛影响力的国际职业技能竞赛品牌提供有益参考。     

Enhancing parental competencies for high risk mothers: An evaluation of prevention effects

A three-year study examined the effects of two prevention programs for sole-support mothers with preschool-aged children. A life-skills, esteem-building group program was compared with a group program teaching life skills combined with parent training. A non-randomized, repeated-measures design was employed with measures occurring before, after, and one year after each program for participants in the two intervention groups and for a group of matched comparison subjects. The lack of competency enhancement effects appeared to be a function of reduced exposure of subjects to the interventions. In addition, there was no support for the connection between short-term competency enhancement and long-term prevention of disorder. The negative results serve, in this report, as a cautionary tale highlighting the difficulties in conducting evaluations of primary prevention. It would appear that program planners are placed in a Catch-22 situation by trying to justify the effectiveness of primary prevention through short-term, low-intensity approaches.     

Touch your toes! Developing a direct measure of behavioral regulation in early childhood

Behavioral aspects of self-regulation, including controlling and directing actions, paying attention, and remembering instructions, are critical for successful functioning in preschool and elementary school. In recent years, several direct assessments of these skills have appeared, but few studies provide complete psychometric data and many are not easy to administer. We developed a direct measure of children's behavioral regulation, the Head-to-Toes Task, and report performance of participants aged 36–78 months, including a group of Spanish-speaking children, from two different sites (N = 353; N = 92). We examined construct validity, examiner reliability, sources of variation, and associations between task scores and background characteristics. Results showed that the task was valid, reliable, and demonstrated variability in children's scores. A cross-classified hierarchical growth curve analysis indicated that girls, participants assessed in English, and higher-socioeconomic status (SES) children achieved slightly higher average scores than did boys, Spanish-speaking and lower-SES children, but effect sizes were small. Older participants achieved higher scores than did younger children, and there were no effects for site. Results suggest that the Head-to-Toes Task is an informative and easy-to-administer direct assessment of children's behavioral regulation. We discuss implications for its use in early childhood settings.     

苏珊桑塔格的女性“坎普”与叙事技巧

苏珊桑塔格作为20世纪女性文学的代表人物,以独特的女性题材和视角进行创作,她在《美国魂》中采用的叙事策略展示其“坎普”风格及写作技巧,通过分析它,读者得以加深理解20世纪美国女性作家的写作风格的演变。     

论技术的教育价值:21世纪人的发展视角

技术的教育价值一直是教育技术学者孜孜以求的终极问题。新冠肺炎疫情的出现成为人们再次思考这一问题的契机。从21世纪对人的发展要求出发,世界各国已经达成了广泛共识--以高阶思维能力为核心的21世纪技能是当下教育的宗旨。从技术作为人类获得自由和解放的场域来说,面向高阶思维能力发展的技术使人获得了发挥自身创造性的权利自由与解放。这种旨在让人成为未来社会的主人(主体向度),并有能力积极改造社会(社会力量向度)的教育价值观彰显了教育的元价值。古往今来,技术在教育活动中一直扮演着中介的角色。而在21世纪的教育活动中,技术应当成为教育元价值的中介。     

在真实道德冲突中提升道德判断和行为抉择能力

人的道德成长是在不断解决道德冲突的过程中逐步实现的．真实的道德冲突对人们提出明确的道德行为方面的要求,对他们的切身利益提出明确的挑战,因而蕴含直接的道德教育价值．而虚拟的道德情境则不具有这种功能,我国长期以来道德教育实效性低下,主要原因在于虚拟道德教育占据了主导地位．本文主张在真实道德情境中恰当地设置道德冲突,提高学生的道德判断和行为抉择能力。     

二级VB应试技巧漫谈

二级VB考试分为笔试和上机两大部分，考生在掌握了各部分基础知识并进行大量的上机实践操作之后，再恰当地运用一些应试的基本技巧，必将极大地提高考试成绩。     

学习分析技术支持下的教师在线学习行为特征分析

在线学习已成为教师专业发展的主要途径,参加学习的人员规模大、行为表现复杂。为了探析教师在线学习行为的群体特征,该文以Y市四期教师在线培训为例,应用统计分析、序列分析、关联规则、社会网络分析等方法,从学习活跃、学习投入时间、学习行为序列、社会交互四个方面分析了教师在线学习行为的群体特征。研究发现:教师在线学习活跃性较高;在线学习时间投入充足;在线学习目的性较强且行为活动方式简单;社会交互情况不够理想。因此,建议实施在线学习与线下集中研讨相结合的混合式教师培训,培训安排与支持服务、学习内容与活动设计应符合教师在线学习规律,并提供有效的技术脚手架和干预机制,以期提高教师培训效益。     

加强实验技能训练使之适应高职教育的需要

实验教学是高职教育教学工作中十分的组成部分，开设实验课的目的，是为了培养生的实际工作能力，综小理论与实践的差距，强化实验技能，提高实验教学质量，培养社会需要的合格人才。     

行为建模技术(Behvioral Modeling)在零件设计中的应用

为更好地把握设计意图，在Pro／ENGINEER软件中需要人工创建各种“关系”，这种“关系”只能向前引用“尺寸参数”，如果需要向后引用“尺寸参数”则要应用行为建模技术。行为建模技术通过建立“分析特征”实现优化目标的建立，以尺寸参数或用户自定义参数为变量对优化目标进行优化。本文通过一个轮胎模型，例证了上述方法的应用过程，得出了优化结果。