托尔金怀旧世界的由来

托尔金试图用怀旧的方式,引领现代人回望过去的美好,从而解决现代世界的问题。他的怀旧情结源起于在英国乡村度过的美好童年,源起于母亲引导他领略的神话与语言之美,更因母亲的早逝、战争的残酷这些人生重大变故给他带来的心灵创伤而越发强烈,最终形成了他笔下的中土怀旧世界。     

“内伤”与“外伤”的双重煎熬——再议福克纳笔下的创伤

威廉.福克纳被公认为南方文学的代表者及美国南方文艺复兴的支柱,他独具匠心地勾勒出一个由创伤编织的世界,再现了社会变革的种种阵痛,揭开了人们难以痊愈的创伤。通过突显主人公的性属创伤和种族创伤,揭露内伤与外伤双重煎熬下创伤的升华,不仅更好地刻画了人物,而且形成一种巨大的张力,深深地触及时代的脉搏,在丰富作品文化内涵的同时,亦拓展了作品的现实意义。     

Trauma Response and Recovery Certificate Program: Preparing Students for Effective Practice

This paper describes an innovative approach to preparing MSW students for work with traumatized clients via a trauma certificate program. It explores conceptual and ethical principles of the program and presents results of the formative evaluation done with faculty, field instructors and students from the program's pilot year. Students reported gains in self-ratings of their efficacy in working with trauma in children, adults and communities, as well as articulating what parts of trauma theory were most useful to them in post-graduation. Field instructors were enthusiastic about the knowledge and skills students were building, and suggested further refinements to the program, including increased communication and networking on the topic of trauma.     

Creating a Safe Frame for Learning

Abstract

This article addresses the significant responsibilities of teachers of trauma courses to conscientiously create a safe frame for learning, in consideration of the student, who is inevitably exposed to the intense emotional and conceptual challenges of trauma study. During their study, many students revisit earlier trauma or loss, perhaps unexpectedly, and in the context of academic demands for achievement. Learning can be deepened as students experience a safe context for the material, and for the recognition of the demands of trauma study and treatment. Curriculum inclusion of: the impact of trauma study on all students; recognition of additional demands on students with a history of trauma; a teaching process attending to class experience; addressing vicarious traumatization and encouraging enhancement of self-care, is included.     

Association of perpetrator relationship to abusive head trauma clinical outcomes

The diagnosis of abusive head trauma (AHT) remains a significant public health problem with limited prevention success. Providing protection from further harm is often challenged by the difficulty in identifying the alleged perpetrator (AP) responsible for this pediatric trauma. The objective of this study was to evaluate demographic and clinical characteristics of children with AHT and the relationship between APs and their victims in a large, multi-site sample. Understanding the AHT risks from various caregivers may help to inform current prevention strategies. A retrospective review of all cases of AHT diagnosed by child protection teams (CPT) from 1/1/04 to 6/30/09 at four children's hospitals was conducted. Clinical characteristics of children with AHT injured by non-parental perpetrators (NPP) were compared to parental perpetrators (PP). There were 459 children with AHT; 313 (68%) had an identified AP. The majority of the 313 children were <1 year of age (76%), Caucasian (63%), male (58%), receiving public assistance (80%), and presented without a history of trauma (62%); mortality was 19%. Overall, APs were: father (53%), parent partner (22%), mother (8%), babysitter (8%), other adult caregiver (5%); NPP accounted for 39% of APs. NPPs were more likely to cause AHT in children ≥1 year (77% vs. 23%, p < 0.001) compared to PP. Independent associations to NPP included: older child, absence of a history of trauma, retinal hemorrhages, and male perpetrator gender. While fathers were the most common AP in AHT victims, there is a significant association for increased risk of AHT by NPPs in the older child, who presents with retinal hemorrhages, in the hands of a male AP. Further enhancement of current prevention strategies to address AHT risks of non-parental adults who provide care to children, especially in the post-infancy age seems warranted.     

《达洛卫夫人》中缺失的叙事治疗

文章以叙事治疗理论为依据,探讨了《达洛卫夫人》中创伤主体赛普蒂莫斯·史密斯的悲剧根源,认为由于叙事治疗的缺失,小说的主人公没能通过叙述外化问题走出身份危机,因而未能重新建构自我。     

Psychotherapy with College Student Survivors of War and Political Trauma

The purpose of this article is to bring to the fore a topic that has received little mention in the college student literature: conducting psychotherapy with survivors of war and political trauma who seek treatment at college and university counseling centers. Following a discussion of political trauma in relation to typical developmental challenges of the college years, several case examples illustrate clinical issues for these students. In addition, personal and professional issues faced by the counselors who work with this population will be addressed. Psychotherapy with these clients has demonstrated the potential of resiliency in the aftermath of political trauma.     

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Inner City Commuter College Students

Inner city commuter college students differ from their more traditional college student peers in terms of age, backgrounds and life experiences. Embarking on a liberal arts education, however, requires a journey through self discovery which is similar to the experience of traditional students. Because many of our students present histories of traumatic events, and because the inner city campus itself is often surrounded by violence prone city streets, our students represent a population who are particularly likely to have had to deal with traumatic stress. The educational process, which calls into question prior ways of handling and understanding life, may make the emergence of post-traumatic stress disorder more prevalent among these students. Treatment for this disorder by college student counselors, within the context of the college campus, offers a unique opportunity to help our students master past events within the framework of their new college student identity.     

山东省部分高校高水平运动员运动损伤的调查与分析

调查研究了7所高校高水平运动员的运动损伤情况，对这个群体在体育训练与竞赛中的心理特点、运动损伤的类型、项目、身体部位、损伤产生的原因进行了分析，找出了运动损伤发生的一般规律和特点，提出了在高校体育训练和竞赛中预防和减少运动损伤的一些措施和建议。     

Invisible wounds: Corporal punishment in British schools as a form of ritual

This article examines a presumed historical association between corporal punishment and the British "ruling class," taking as data the elaborate forms of beating practiced at a well-known English fee-paying boarding school in the 1950s and here documented in detail. Analogies with other forms of ritual studied by anthropologists are considered, as well as the psychosexual dynamics of beating for both officiants and victims. The paper argues that ritual corporal punishment must be seen in retrospect as a clear case of child abuse that is both physical and sexual. Such rituals of authority, though virtually abolished in Britain, may well exist in a different form in present day residential institutions for children in some Third World countries that have borrowed from now outdated European practices.