和谐教育在生物教学中的应用

我国基础教育在由应试教育向素质教育转变的过程中 ,需要探索一条学科教学的实施方法 ,文章从素质教育的重要性和生物教学的特点 ,引进和谐教育观 ,阐述了和谐教育在生物教学中的具体实施办法     

Experimental study on the inhibition of biological reduction of Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA in NOx absorption solution

Scrubbing of NOx from the gas phase with Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA has been shown to be highly effective. A new biological method can be used to convert NO to N2 and regenerate the chelating agent Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA for continuous NO absorption. The core of this biological regeneration is how to effectively simultaneous reduce Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA and Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA-NO, two mainly products in the ferrous chelate absorption solution. The biological reduction rate of Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA plays a main role for the NOx removal efficiency. In this paper, a bacterial strain identified as Klebsiella Trevisan sp. was used to demonstrate an inhibition of Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA reduction in the presence of Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA-NO. The competitive inhibition experiments indicted that Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA-NO inhibited not only the growth rate of the iron-reduction bacterial strain but also the Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA reduction rate. Cell growth rate and Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA reduction rate decreased with increasing Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA-NO concentration in the solution.     

二十一世纪发展的主角--现代生物技术

本文认为生物技术在农业、工业和信息产业、医药和疾病防治等领域中将发挥重要的作用.     

基于Flash的生物虚拟实验室的开发

生物虚拟实验室的建设已成为学校生物教学信息化的一个重点,以一个中学生物实验为例,较为详细地说明了基于Flash的生物虚拟实验室的开发原则和开发过程,希望起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

供氮形态与水平对玉米苗期耐低磷胁迫的生物学效应

采用营养液培养方式,探讨和比较硝态氮(NO3--N)和铵态氮(NH4+-N)两种不同供氮形态及其供应水平(0、3、7.5、15、22.5、30、37.5 mmol/L)下,供试玉米利民15和皖玉9号的生物学性状对以磷酸钙模拟的低生物有效磷胁迫的适应性差异。结果表明:当供氮水平低于22.5 mmol/L时,对玉米供应NH4+-N或NO3--N均可产生提高其对低生物有效磷胁迫适应性的效应。随供氮水平的升高,在两种供氮形态营养条件下,玉米幼苗植株生物量、地上部和根系干重、株高、叶面积和根体积的变化趋势均基本呈现报酬递减规律,而当供氮水平在0～7.5 mmol/L变化时,玉米的生物量干重均出现最高值。不同品种玉米对NH4+-N和NO3--N营养的响应既存在共性:NO3--N营养玉米植株株高和根体积始终高于NH4+-N营养植株,但也存在基因型差异。从植株含磷量分析,当氮水平高于3 mmol/L时,NH4+-N营养利民15的磷含量始终高于NO3--N营养玉米;而皖玉9号则在供NH4+-N水平高于22.5 mmol/L时,出现磷含量低于等氮水平下的NO3--N营养玉米的现象;其中利民15的植株磷含量与其生物量干重之间呈极显著的负相关关系(r=-0.77**,n=11),而皖玉9号的植株磷含量则与其生物量干重之间呈极显著的正相关关系(r=0.96**,n=11)。此外,在等氮水平下,两种供氮形态营养玉米的叶面积、单位叶面积光合速率、单株水平的根系活力之间没有明显的差异,因此,在低生物有效磷胁迫条件下,玉米在不同供氮形态营养条件下的适应性机制不同,其适应性强弱主要取决于是否为适宜的供氮水平。     

淮河蚌埠段鳙鱼体内重金属富集研究

应用火焰型原子吸收光度法测定淮河鳙鱼(Aristichthys nobilis)不同组织器官(鳞片、鳔、心脏、肌肉、鳃盖骨、尾鳍、脑、脾、皮肤、胆、眼球、肠、鳃和肝胰脏)中的Cu、Mn、Cd、Fe、Ni和Zn等6种重金属含量。结果表明,淮河鳙鱼不同组织器官中的Cu、Mn、Cd、Fe、Ni和Zn的含量不同,其中Fe(59.168 mg/kg)和Zn(50.220 mg/kg)含量均明显高于其他重金属含量,鳙鱼心脏中Fe(370.220 mg/kg)和Zn(229.659 mg/kg)含量最高,其次为肠、鳃、肝胰脏;Cu在肝胰脏、心脏和肠中的含量较高(13.254mg/kg、8.874 mg/kg、3.120 mg/kg),其他组织较低;Mn在肠、鳃盖骨、鳃中含量较高,但心脏中含量最少;Cd和Ni在心脏、鳔、鳞片、鳃盖骨中含量较高,在肠中的含量均较低,但淮河鳙鱼不同组织中Cd的含量超过国家卫生食用标准,其食用部分不能食用。     

The Influence of Intimacy Rituals and Biological Sex on Relational Quality and Intimacy Among Dating Couples

Do intimacy rituals affect perceptions of relational intimacy and relational quality? This study examined the effect of self-reported use of intimacy rituals and biological sex on perceived relational intimacy and perceived relational quality. Perceived use of intimacy rituals was positively related to perceived relational quality. However, perceived use of intimacy rituals did not influence perceived relational intimacy. In addition, women perceived significantly higher levels of relational intimacy, as well as significantly more relational quality, than did men.     

High School Students’ Attitudes Towards Spiders: A cross‐cultural comparison

Spiders are traditionally considered to be among the least popular of animals. Current evidence suggests that a negative attitude towards spiders could be influenced by both cultural and evolutionary pressures. Some researchers suggest that science education activities could positively influence students’ perceptions of spiders. Their evidence is, however, ambivalent. Using a five‐point score Likert‐type questionnaire in which the items were developed in a similar way to four of Kellert’s categories of attitude (scientistic, negativistic, naturalistic, and ecologistic) towards invertebrates, we compared the level of knowledge of and attitudes towards spiders of high school students from two countries, Slovakia (n = 354) and South Africa (n = 382). The students represented different cultures and followed dissimilar science education curricula. Only among the Slovakian students there was a statistically significant but low correlation between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.30). The South African students scored higher in the categories of scientistic, naturalistic, and ecologistic attitudes. Comparison of attitude towards spiders of indigenous Africans from coeducational Catholic schools revealed that South African students have greater fear of spiders than Slovakian students, supporting the biological preparedness hypothesis. This hypothesis predicts a greater fear of spiders in South Africa than in Europe since several South African spiders possess venoms that are dangerous to humans. The results of this study are discussed from science education, cultural, and evolutionary perspectives.     

草甘膦降解菌C-17的分离鉴定及生物学特性

从福建三农集团污水处理池分离到一株降解草甘膦的菌株C—17,经形态与生理生化实验,C-17初步鉴定为胶红酵母属真菌。在草甘膦基础培养基上,C-17菌株对草甘膦的最高耐受浓度为6000mg/L,草甘膦浓度为3000mg／L时生长量最高。C-17菌株能以草甘膦为唯一氮、磷源,培养7d对草甘膦的降解率为83．6％,培养基中缺乏别的磷源,有利于促进C-17菌株对草甘膦的降解。     

动物肌肉生长的生物学规律

动物肌肉的生长是一长期的过程,且受到多种因素的调节。本文从细胞生物学和分子生物学两方面对其生长的一般生物学规律进行了综述。