中老年人群70例血糖与糖尿病关系分析

对襄樊市区中老年人群70例的血糖进行检测,并与正常人群的血糖均值比较,50-59岁年龄组的血糖含量与全国水平相当（p〉0.05）,而60岁以上年龄组血糖含量高于全国水平（p〈0.05）。提示血糖水平随着年龄增长而增高,发生糖尿病的潜在危险性较大。     

Evaluation of Quality of DNA Extracted from Buccal Swabs for Microarray Based Genotyping

Buccal cell usage has been shown by many to be a cost effective and safe method to isolate DNA for various biological experiments especially large epidemiological studies (Garcia-Closas et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 10:687–696, 2001). Non-invasive DNA collection methods are preferred over phlebotomy in order to increase study participation and compliance in research centers and for sick patients in hospital settings. There have been conflicting reports about the methodology and results obtained from using buccal DNA. It is not very clear if phlebotomy can be confidently replaced by buccal cell DNA. It is often left for the user to take an intelligent decision. To address this issue, we compared the performance of buccal and blood DNA from same subjects in a genotyping experiment and this paper reports the results. Cotton swab derived buccal cells were scraped from the inner side of cheeks from 16 subjects, and blood was also drawn from the same 16 subjects participating in a genotypic association study of a lipid disease. The DNA quality was assessed by resolving on agarose gels, checking purity (A260/A280) and finally by microarray hybridization. This study showed that DNA degradation affects the total yield and performance of the buccal DNA when compared to the blood DNA in microarray based genotyping. Genotyping results can be seriously compromised if care is not taken to check the quality and yields of such specimens.     

Effects of breaking up sedentary time with “chair squats” on postprandial metabolism

Prolonged sitting induces adverse metabolic changes. We aimed to determine whether breaking up prolonged sedentary time with short periods of repeated sit-to-stand transitions (“chair squats”) every 20 minutes influences postprandial metabolic responses. Fourteen participants (11 men, 3 women), age 37 ± 16 years, BMI 30.5 ± 3.8 kg.m^?2 (mean ± SD) each participated in two experimental trials in random order, in which they arrived fasted, then consumed a test breakfast (8 kcal.kg^?1 body weight, 37% energy from fat, 49% carbohydrates, 14% protein) and, 3.5 hours later, an identical test lunch. Expired air and blood samples were taken fasted and for 6.5 hours postprandially. In one trial (SIT) participants sat continuously throughout the observation period; in the “Chair squat” trial (SIT/STAND), participants performed “chair squats” (10 × standing and sitting over 30 seconds, every 20 minutes). Compared to SIT, energy expenditure was 409.7 ± 41.6 kJ (16.6 ± 1.7%) higher in SIT/STAND (p < 0.0001). Postprandial insulin concentrations over the post-breakfast period were 10.9 ± 8.4% lower in SIT/STAND than SIT (p = 0.047), but did not differ between trials in the post-lunch period. Glucose and triglyceride concentrations did not differ significantly between trials. These data demonstrate that a simple, unobtrusive intervention to break up sedentary time can induce some favourable metabolic changes.     

运动疗法对糖尿病患者血糖、血脂的影响

目的：探讨运动疗法对中老年糖尿病患者血糖、血脂的影响和作用。方法：依据省保健干部体检确诊病案,对实验组29名糖尿病患者实施为期一年的运动疗法锻炼,同对照组17名患者作对照。结果：实施运动疗法一年后血糖FBG显著降低,与对照组比较有显著差异（P〈0．01）;甘油三酯TG（P〈0．05）、总胆固醇Tch（P〈0．01）降低明显;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇HDL—ch虽有升高,但差异不显著。结论：（1）运动疗法干预能够有效降低糖尿病患者空腹血糖值,持之以恒其效果更好。（2）运动疗法干预能够消除糖尿病患者体内多余脂肪,降低甘油三酯TG和胆固醇Teh,有效降低心脑动脉粥样硬化的危险性。     

男子短跑300m不同强度跑中血乳酸、血尿素、尿蛋白变化的实验研究

对男子400m短跑运动员采用300m不同负荷跑的血乳酸、血尿素、尿蛋白变化进行了实验研究,发现相同距离,不同的负荷量和强度对人的机体产生的影响不同,训练的效果、达到的训练目的也不相同。建议训练应根据需要有目的地选择负荷量和强度。     

基于网络的采供血业务档案智能化管理系统研究

文章针对目前采供血业务管理系统与档案管理系统各成体系,互不兼融,以及纸质档案定位、检索难等档案管理使用效益存在的问题,对基于网络的采供血业务档案智能化管理系统进行了研究,提出了开发专业网络接口兼容技术,实现采供血"业务管理系统"和"档案管理系统"的定时连接,实现电子档案的自动组卷与排序;开发电子仿真模型和利用采供血条形码读取技术,实现纸质档案二级类目与电子档案匹配化管理,实现业务档案的智能化管理。     

葡萄糖和果糖对小鼠运动能力影响的对比研究

90只昆明种小鼠随机分成安静对照组 (A组 ) ,服葡萄糖运动组 (B1组 ) ,服果糖运动组 (B2组 ) ,服葡萄糖 -果糖运动组 (B3组 )和空白运动组 (B4组 ) ,服药组短期服用糖溶液后 ,进行游泳耐力实验和 4 5分钟定量负荷的游泳运动。结果表明B3组游泳耐力显著延长 ,其次为B2组 ,B1组与B4组之间无明显差异 ;定量负荷运动后 ,B3组血浆丙二醛增幅显著下降 ,红细胞膜Na K ATPase活性明显升高 ,B1、B2和B3组血乳酸浓度增幅显著下降 ,各组间血浆SOD变化不明显     

生活方式、体育锻炼与中年男性糖耐量减低

目的:探讨中年男性糖耐量减低(IGT)发病的相关危险因素中,生活方式和体育锻炼对IGT发病的影响。方法:采用问卷调查方法,对入选的172例IGT患者、177例糖耐量正常(NGT)者进行调查,在IGT的相关危险因素中,比较分析其中的生活方式和体育锻炼与IGT发病的关系,结果:(1)饭量>400g/天,IGT组91.9%(158例/172例),明显高于NGT组的41.8%(74例/177例),有显著性差异(x2=103.646,P<0.01);(2)摄肉量>100g/天,IGT组62.2%(107例/172例)高于NGT组的40.7%(72例/177例),有显著性差异(x2=16.187,P<0.01);(3)吸烟20支/日且持续2年以上的,IGT组51.2%(88例/172例)高于NGT组的9.04%(16例/177例),有显著性差异(x2=95.644,P<0.01);(4)每周3次以上(含3次)的体育锻炼,IGT组15.1%(26例/172例),低于NGT组的65.5%(116例/177例),有显著性差异(x2=94.818,P<0.01)。结论:饭量>400g/天、摄肉量>100g/天、吸烟及体育锻炼少可能与中年男性IGT关系密切。     

补充苹果酸低聚糖饮料对自行车运动员有氧做功能力的影响

摘要：苹果酸不仅是三羧酸循环的中间代谢产物．同时又是苹果酸天冬氨酸穿梭的组成部分．对促进有氧代谢起着重要的调节作用。研究观察苹果酸低聚糖饮料对公路自行车运动员力竭性运动及亚极量做功能力的影响。结果表明：补充低聚糖饮料和苹果酸一低聚糖饮料均可使运动至力竭的时间明显延长；补充苹果酸低聚糖饮料，在完成力竭性运动后乳酸恢复曲线参数b2明显低于补充前，曲线“变陡”；运动中血糖水平明显提高；亚极量运动后血清酶GOT和GPT的升高幅度明显低于低聚糖组。提示：补充苹果酸低聚糖饮料可使耐力运动员在力竭性运动后乳酸消除速率加快，维持长时间亚极量运动中的血糖稳定，有利于延缓运动中的疲劳出现。     

低聚糖运动饮料的人体饮用效果

低聚糖用于运动中补糖可提高糖的摄入量,改善运动能量供应。一种含20％糖和适量无机盐的低聚糖饮料的饮用效果在人体实验中进行了观察。3组对象(N=8)分别饮用低聚糖饮料、糖水、对照液,用70％HRmax强度蹬车至疲劳。结果显示:低聚糖饮料可使血糖维持在较高水平,并可稳定血容量、血清胰岛素、血镁、血钾和血乳酸,增加运动做功和时间。