Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Guava extract （Psidium guajava） alters the labelling of blood constituents with technetium-99m

Psidium guajava （guava） leaf is a phytotherapic used in folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal and respiratory disturbances and is used as anti-inflammatory medicine. In nuclear medicine, blood constituents （BC） are labelled with technetium-99m （^99mTc） and used to image procedures. However, data have demonstrated that synthetic or natural drugs could modify the labelling of BC with ^99mTC. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of guava leaves on the labelling of BC with ^99mTc. Blood samples of Wistar rats were incubated with different concentrations of guava extract and labelled with ^99mTc after the percentage of incorporated radioactivity （%ATI） in BC was determined. The results suggest that aqueous guava extract could present antioxidant action and/or alters the membrane structures involved in ion transport into cells, thus decreasing the radiolabelling of BC with ^99mTc. The data showed significant （P〈0.05） alteration of ATI in BC from blood incubated with guava extract.     

论《慈悲目连宝忏》对目连戏生成的影响

在日本发现的《佛说目连救母经》实是《慈悲目连宝忏》中卷的部分内容。由《慈悲目连宝忏》衍生出了《血湖经》,《血湖经》又生成了＂破血湖地狱＂以及破其它地狱的超度亡灵的仪轨,而其仪轨有扮演的人物、演述有一定长度的规定的情节、有歌唱、有说白、有音乐、有布景道具,因而,它促进了戏曲的早期剧目——目连戏的产生。     

作为一种生存论建构的坚韧--《许三观卖血记》分析

从一张表格入手分析《许三观卖血记》，并由此提出坚韧的主题。接着，从本和化与历史语境两个方面寻求坚韧的根基，探讨了余华从描写生命的脱性转变到描写生命之韧的全部过程及其缘由。最后，对本的修辞作了详尽分析，揭示了坚韧得以展现的形式及其存在的广阔根基。本的最终结论是，由“许三观卖血”推导出来的平民生存哲学－坚韧，在世界意义彻底丧失后，作为一种生存论建构成为可能。     

足球运动员血清肌酸激酶和血清尿素氮变化特点及身体机能评定的研究

准确的掌握运动员身体机能状况和水平是教练员实施训练的前提。本文通过对训练和比赛期间血清肌酸激酶和血清尿素氮的测试,掌握足球运动员血清肌酸激酶和尿素氮的变化。     

无氧阈测定方法的研究进展

从有创和无创两个方面对无氧阈的测定方法进行了阐述。有创测定法主要指乳酸法，是目前应用最广泛的一种测定方法。对无创测定法的研究近年来发展迅速，其中通气无氧闻、心率无氧阈、积分肌电阈研究已较为成熟。而用近红外光谱技术、肌氧含量、STI、神经网络模型推测无氧闽是近年来新的研究成果，还有待于进一步探索。     

跨栏跑运动员血型气质分布特征的研究

对普通高等学校体育院系的128名从事跨栏跑学生运动员进行了ABO血型的测定及气质的检测。结果以T检验进行组间差异比较,并与中国汉族人的血型进行比较分析。发现从事跨栏跑学生运动员的血型气质的分布:A型血运动员的人数最多,占测试人数的40.63%。多血质的运动员人数最多,占60.1%。     

血乳酸测定在游泳训练中的应用

血乳酸是目前游泳训练中应用较广泛的重要指标。本文较系统地简明地介绍了血乳酸在制定游泳训练方法、安排训练强度、评定训练效果及预测成绩等方面的研究和应用成果。对游泳训练有较大的实用价值。     

Scrambled in Appearance but United in Spirit: A Study on Akira Kurosawa’s Throne of Blood Adapted from Macbeth

William Shakespeare(1564—1616)has been universally acknowledged as an outstanding playwright and poet during the English Renaissance.His great tragedy,Macbeth,telling the conversion of a good man into a wholly evil,is so well accepted.Akira Kurosawa,as a famous Japanese director,attaches much importance to the fusion of eastern and western culture,which makes his adaptations from literature unique.His Throne of Blood is totally different from the original Macbeth,but it remains the quintessence of Shakespeare.Through analyzing the successful transformation of the plot,character and language,this paper reveals the significance of the film as an independent art which can make it possible to realize another kind of art.