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981.
武术课堂教学中对于肢体语言的探索与研究,旨在把肢体语言巧妙地运用在武术课堂教学之中,从而更好地增强师生之间的教学信息的传递,达到最佳的教学效果。文章根据常用肢体语言的表现形式及其特点,分析出肢体语言在武术课堂上所起的作用,有利于组织和调控武术课堂教学活动,有利于传递正确完整的课堂教学信息。  相似文献   
982.
武术是中华民族的传统健身方式,是传承民族文化、弘扬民族精神的重要载体。同时武术教育也是中国基础素质教育的重要组成部分,具有其独特的人文价值和社会价值,是中华民族优秀文化的代表。武术教育对人的影响是多方面的,如身体方面、智力方面、思想品质方面等。文章主要从身体形态、内脏器官功能和身体素质三个方面探究武术教育对中、小学生身体素质的影响。同时,研究武术教育在中小学生中开展的价值对于探究武术的发展具有重要的意义。  相似文献   
983.
This paper takes as its starting point that coaches' efforts at planning their athletes' training are a complex practice involving so many variables that the logic of how they all ‘fit together’ to produce a peak performance is never obvious or clear. However, many coaches operate as if their athletes' training programmes can be assembled in a coherent, rational manner, or as if ‘systems’ exist to make planning an orderly sequence of steps or stages. Drawing on the work of Foucault, and his call to problematise the development and formation of dominant practices, I examine in this paper the discursive construction of contemporary planning practices used by middle- and long-distance running coaches. Further, I discuss how coaches' knowledge of planning is enmeshed within relations of power, that weaved in discourses, and imprinted on athletes' bodies and bodily practices, attempt to assert the ‘truth’ about the practice of planning.  相似文献   
984.
21世纪是经济全球化的世纪,经济的发展和各国的交往频繁使得各国间的商务交流成了很重要的一个环节。跨文化商务沟通中,非语言因素起着举足轻重的作用,占整个交际过程的70%。本文从跨文化商务沟通和非语言交际的概念入手,通过具体案例,分析了身势语、商务礼仪、时间与空间安排等方面的非语言因素对跨文化商务活动的影响。  相似文献   
985.
Body composition measures were collected pre‐, mid‐ and post‐season on a team of eight national‐calibre collegiate women gymnasts to examine intraseason changes. Also analysed were interseason changes using pre‐ and post‐season data on five of the eight subjects during the current and previous year, according to a 2 x 2 (years x tests) analysis of variance repeated‐measures design. Skinfold, circumference and diameter measures were collected with percentage body fat, lean body mass and body density determined by regression equations developed specifically for collegiate female gymnasts.

Intraseason body weight decreased significantly from pre‐ to mid‐season (x = 55.0 and 53.6 kg respectively); but the difference between mid‐ and post‐season (53.9 kg) values was not significant (P>0.05). The majority of the 1.4 kg weight loss occurred during intense pre‐season conditioning and not during the actual season. Percentage body fat, on the other hand, decreased significantly from pre‐to mid‐season and mid‐ to post‐season (x = 21.4%, 17.4% and 13.45% respectively; P<0.0005). Body density increased significantly from pre‐ to mid‐season and mid‐ to post‐season (x = 1.0476, 1.0584 and 1.0681 respectively; P<0.0005). Of the circumference and skinfold values used in calculating percentage body fat and body density, only the skinfold values displayed significant decreases throughout the season.

Interseason analyses revealed no significant changes in any of the dependent measures between seasons, despite consistent trends. There were no significant years x tests interactions and all intraseason changes for two seasons (n = 5) were the same as those found in more detailed analysis of a single season (n = 8) except in the case of weight loss, which was marginally significant (P < 0.046) in the single‐season and not in the dual‐season analysis (P>0.05).

Body composition of these gymnasts changed in many ways within competitive seasons. The most pronounced changes observed were decreases in subcutaneous fat and increases in body density. This study reinforces the need for administrators, coaches and athletes to be concerned with percentage body fat and skinfold measures rather than weight alone when determining if a person is ‘fat’.  相似文献   
986.
Data on 1420 high-standard rugby union players measured between 1905 and 1999 were collated to chart the evolution of body size and shape in rugby union football. Individual data were available for 843 players. Where only summary statistics were presented, Monte Carlo simulation was used to generate pseudo-data. Anthropometric variables included height, body mass, body mass index (BMI) and somatotype where available. The rates of increase in body mass (2.6 kg per decade) and BMI (0.4 kg ·m -2 per decade) were well above those of the general population of young males. The increase in height (1.0 cm per decade) was comparable to the secular increase. The increases in body mass and BMI since 1975 have been three to four times those between 1905 and 1975. Since 1975, players have been less endomorphic (-0.3 units per decade) and less ectomorphic (-0.4 units per decade), but much more mesomorphic (+1.1 units per decade) than before. There is a close association between body size and success. Final ranking in the 1999 World Cup showed significant correlations with the average mass of the squads.  相似文献   
987.
During the 1997 Federation Internationale des Societes d'Aviron (FISA) World Junior Rowing Championships, the anthropometric characteristics of 245 female junior rowers aged 17.5 ± 0.8 years (mean ± s) were assessed. Twenty-seven body dimensions (body mass, 6 heights or lengths, 4 breadths, 10 girths and 6 skinfolds) were measured in total. The elite female junior rowers were taller (174.5 ± 6.2 cm) and heavier (69.5 ± 6.2 kg), with greater length, breadth and girth dimensions, but lower skinfold thicknesses than a representative sample of Flemish (Belgian) girls of the same chronological age. An anthropometric profile chart was constructed that was rowing-specific and norms were established. Compared with scullers, sweep rowers were heavier (+4.2 kg) and taller (+2.8 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth). Sweep rowers also had greater skinfold thicknesses (except for the thigh and calf skinfolds). Finalists were heavier (+3.6 kg) and taller (+3.9 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth) than non-finalists. No significant differences were found for skinfold thicknesses between finalists and non-finalists.  相似文献   
988.
对我国高等体育院校运动人体科学专业若干问题的思考   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
运动人体科学作为一门全新的专业 ,在其建设与发展中出现了诸多问题 ,如姓体还是姓医问题 ,处方权问题 ,就业分配问题等 ,部分人对此感到困惑或认识有误 ;教材编写与师资培养也与本专业的发展极不协调 ,严重妨碍了本专业的发展。本文就上述问题进行了分析讨论 ,并提出了自己的看法。  相似文献   
989.
在板料拉延工艺中,曲面形状零件的拉延是比较困难的,本文介绍了球面零件的拉延特征、拉延方法与防皱防裂措施,并给出两个实例。  相似文献   
990.
中国塔吉克族初中学生身体形态的调研报告   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
选择新疆塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县的600名13~17岁塔吉克族学生的部分身体形态、生理机能、身体素质等指标进行了调查。对调查所涉及的塔吉克族青少年学生的身体形态的有关数据资料进行统计学分析和对比研究,提出了加强和改进塔吉克族学校体育工作的具体建议。  相似文献   
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