Selective acquiescence,creative commitment and strategic conformity: situated national policy responses to Bologna

The non-binding nature of the Bologna Declaration and loose policy-making and implementation through the open method of coordination (OMC) have led to varied national responses to the Bologna Process. The OMC has allowed countries room for manoeuvre to interpret Bologna policy and attach different degrees of importance to it. Looking at the interplay between agency and structure in policy implementation, this article aims to illustrate the localised character of Bologna policy implementation driven by national priorities and political agendas, a reflection of the ‘policy as text’ metaphor (Ball, 1994). The analysis is driven by an agentic understanding of the policy process, highlighting ‘actors’ perceptions, perspectives, preferences, actions and interactions' (Trowler, 2002). Three different country reactions are examined — England, Portugal and Denmark, described as selective acquiescence, creative commitment and strategic conformity to capture the essence of the cases in question. In analysing the countries' responses, the article considers national readings of Bologna, motivations behind responses to the Process, as well as its reception and implementation at national level.     

Competences in demand within the Spanish agricultural engineering sector

The Rural Engineering Department (Technical University of Madrid) ran three competence surveys during the 2006–2007 and 2007–2008 academic years and evaluated: (1) the competences gained by agricultural engineer's degree and agricultural technical engineer's degree students (360 respondents); (2) the competences demanded by agricultural employers (50 farming sector employers); (3) competences required by farming sector professionals and former students (70 professionals). The surveys show significant differences between what competences agricultural employers require of graduates and the competences they acquire during their agricultural engineering degree courses. Recruiters are looking for generic competences such as the ability to coordinate groups and place less importance on knowledge of engineering, biology, applied economics and legislation. Of the computer-related competences, those most in demand by sector professionals were related to the use of Microsoft Office/Excel (used by 79% of professionals). Surveys were used to redesign some subjects of the degrees.     

博洛尼亚进程下马耳他高等教育国际化发展策略探析

当前,马耳他仅有一所大学和两所职业型高等院校,属双轨制高等教育体系。微型国家与地区不是巨型国家的“缩小版本”,有其自身的独特性。高度的外部依赖性使微型国家与地区高等教育系统呈现出微型开放的特征。因而,国际化是马耳他高等教育发展的重要战略,而博洛尼亚进程是马耳他高等教育国际化发展的驱动力。     

The Bologna reform at the department of library and information science and book studies, university of Ljubljana

Relevance of the new Bologna study programme at the Department of Library and Information Science and Book Studies at University of Ljubljana is demonstrated from different aspects. The example of IS&R themes and topics which are recognized as one of LIS core areas is used to show the differences from the previous study programme in terms of content, together with coverage of Web 2.0 related themes. In regard to teaching and learning methods it is shown how e-learning is used to support the educational process. At the end a few insights into employability of future graduates are added.     

推进波洛尼亚进程,加大教育改革力度-中东欧和独联体国家高等教育应对WTO挑战的战略举措

在全球化和市场经济的冲击下,中东欧与独联体国家的高等教育系统,为适应国际国内形势的变化,应对教育国际化的挑战,积极投身于波洛尼亚进程,采取了一系列具有时代性质的改革措施.本报告对该进程的概况、中东欧与独联体国家参与该进程的原因及采取的具体改革措施等进行了阐析.     

“博洛尼亚进程”的背景、历程及发展趋势

"博洛尼亚进程"是在欧洲政治经济的一体化、世界高等教育国际化和欧洲跨文化学习和研究的背景中产生的,也是20世纪60年代以来最重要、涉及面最广的高等教育改革,是欧洲高等教育一体化的进程。其前期准备、初步探索、正式启动三个阶段以及布拉格会议、柏林会议、卑尔根会议以及"伦敦公报"等历程显示,"博洛尼亚进程"的发展趋势是进一步完善三级学位制度、加强高等教育质量保障、促进学历学位相互承认,力争在2010年建立欧洲高等教育区,实现欧洲高等教育的国际化。     

博洛尼亚进程中的法国高等教育改革研究

博洛尼亚进程对欧洲各国,特别是以法国为代表的高等教育体制高度集权的国家产生了重要的影响.法国在博洛尼亚进程框架内进行的高等教育改革对原有的高等教育体制产生了巨大冲击.法国通过进行高等教育体制结构调整、实行欧洲学分转换系统、建立专门的质量评估机构等措施增强了大学之间的合作,推动了学生的流动性,密切了高等教育领域与社会经济部门的联系.法国这次的高等教育改革增强了高等教育体制的开放性和流动性,提高了高等教育体制对社会发展的反应能力,促进了法国高等教育质量的提高.     

Cooperative learning in a Soil Mechanics course at undergraduate level

The implementation of the Bologna Process enforced a significant change on traditional learning models, which were focused mainly on the transmission of knowledge. The results obtained in a first attempt at implementation of a cooperative learning model in the Soil Mechanics I course of the Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Aveiro, Portugal, are presented and discussed. The students were confronted with situations recreating a professional atmosphere in Geotechnics. Mandatory project team assignments to be prepared in groups were implemented, where each student had to fulfil specific and rotational roles, namely, laboratory/informatics technician, analyst, reporter and coordinator. To assess the implemented model, several strategies were used: students’ feedback; marks monitoring; questionnaires.     

博洛尼亚:城市的战略转型与大学的制度选择

成功的大学城是大学和城市的相互建构,也是环境变迁和组织制度选择共生的过程。作为大学城的博洛尼亚市,其战略转型和经营是围绕博洛尼亚大学进行的,博洛尼亚大学也在城市发展中不断改变历史演进路向。博洛尼亚大学的办学理念、制度体系和教学科研的演变反映了组织在环境中的使能,博洛尼亚市的政治经济环境、文化传统和关键行动者形塑了组织结构。