Epidemiology and the Bologna Saga

This paper discusses the driving forces behind the Bologna process, its advantages and possible negative effects. It also analyses the dangers that may result in commoditisation of the European higher education systems, in emergence of rigid accreditation systems and of a centralised bureaucracy that will impair innovation and creativity.The paper develops the idea that the Bologna process may be interpreted as a step in the neo-liberal movement to decrease the social responsibility of the state by shortening the length of pre-graduate studies and transferring responsibility for supporting employability to individuals through graduate studies.Consideration is also given to the mechanisms and forces behind the Bologna process that try to present an apparent climate of consensus despite some obvious difficulties and disagreements at the level of implementation.     

Analysing the differential impact of the Bologna Process: Theoretical considerations on national conditions for international policy convergence

Although there is a growing interest of policy makers in higher education issues (especially on an international scale), there is still a lack of theoretically well-grounded comparative analyses of higher education policy. Even broadly discussed topics in higher education research like the potential convergence of European higher education systems in the course of the Bologna Process suffer from a thin empirical and comparative basis. This paper aims to deal with these problems by addressing theoretical questions concerning the domestic impact of the Bologna Process and the role national factors play in determining its effects on cross-national policy convergence. It develops a distinct theoretical approach for the systematic and comparative analysis of cross-national policy convergence. In doing so, it relies upon insights from related research areas—namely literature on Europeanization as well as studies dealing with cross-national policy convergence.

走进欧洲统一的教育空间——对俄罗斯加入波洛尼亚进程的分析

加入波洛尼亚进程是俄罗斯实现教育现代化构想的一项重要措施,而波洛尼亚进程又是欧洲一体化在高等教育领域的反映。在这样一个大融合的背景下,俄罗斯在追求教育现代化的过程中如何保持自身高等教育的优势值得关注。事实上,俄罗斯根据自己的教育特点对波洛尼亚规则的执行采取了不同对待的策略。     

推进欧洲高等教育一体化的博洛尼亚进程

迄今为止，博洛尼亚进程划分为四个阶段，其标志分别为1998年欧洲四国签订索邦宣言、1999年29国签订博洛尼亚宣言以及此后召开的布拉格会议和柏林会议。越来越多的欧洲国家加入该进程，共同致力于实现到2010年建立欧洲高等教育区的目标，从而大大推进了欧洲高等教育一体化的进程。     

'Quality' in the Bologna Process: from 'competitive edge' to quality assurance techniques

The theoretical premise of this article is that policy is constructed and presented discursively. The Bologna process presents us with an example of such a policy construction process where the quality policy goals are set jointly in transnational settings, requiring different kinds of negotiations and discursive strategies. Discourse analysis of policy texts can be useful in tracing policy changes and describing them, but also in explaining and understanding some of the developments that lead up to the implementation of the policies and the (political) views which are embedded in the debates. In this article, some discourse analytical methods are used to analyse the potential meanings of ‘quality’ at the European and national level of the Bologna process. The linguistic analysis focuses on the different meanings of ‘quality’ and the value assumptions attached to it from the point of view of word choice, metaphors and argumentation strategies. The data used are the official declarations and communiqués of the Bologna process; the central background reports of the process; and brief national follow‐up reports prepared for the Berlin meeting of 2003 from Finland, Sweden and the Netherlands.     

博洛尼亚进程下欧盟教师教育的探索与创新

在博洛尼亚进程下,确立欧盟教师教育的共同原则、开展欧盟教师教育的共同行动、发布欧盟教师教育的共同宣言乃是欧盟在教师教育领域的探索与创新之举。尽管目前欧盟在该领域内尚存不少问题,但其积极的姿态表明,欧盟教师教育必将成为提升欧盟各国教师质量、推动欧洲高等教育区和建构文化欧盟的重要力量。     

十年博洛尼亚进程的经验与启示:张力视角

欧洲博洛尼亚进程是一个既充满矛盾冲突又体现包容认同的复杂过程,这从计划酝酿到实施的整个过程都可以得到证明。全面总结博洛尼亚进程的丰富经验,不能忽视阻力因素的制约影响及其与推力之间的张力平衡。这正是博洛尼亚进程焕发出巨大活力并显示出世界意义的原因所在。     

Reception of the quality assurance commitments of the Bologna process in Finnish higher education institutions

This article analyses Finnish higher education institutions’ reception of the implementation of the new quality assurance systems that governments participating in the Bologna Process have committed to establishing in the Berlin Communiqué of 2003. The data were collected using a web survey and the respondents were classified with a cluster analysis. The reception was more positive in the polytechnics than in the research universities and women were more positive than men. People working in managerial positions were most positive about, and committed to, quality assurance. Most critical were young researchers in research universities working in temporary jobs. Some opinions were so strongly shared that respondents with short work experience expressed their opinions, even though they could not have personal experience of the topic in question. For some topics, respondents without personal experience, but having a critical attitude, tended to give their opinion whereas those with neutral attitude abstained from commenting.     

俄罗斯现行学位体系中的硕士学位

随着欧洲高等教育一体化进程的发展,作为"博洛尼亚进程"签约国之一的俄罗斯的高等教育体系也发生了重大的变化。为了与欧洲的教育体系接轨,俄罗斯恢复了硕士培养和硕士学位授予工作。硕士学位在当今已经逐渐成为俄罗斯高等教育学位体系的重要组成部分,并不断得到公众的认可,成为与俄罗斯传统的专家学位并列的另一高等教育学位体系中的第二级学位。     

俄罗斯图书馆学情报学高等专业教育:国家标准与发展方向

20世纪90年代以后,由于国家政治、经济体制的变化和现代信息技术对图书馆事业的广泛影响,俄罗斯的图书馆学情报学教育遇到了重大的压力和挑战,面临变革的艰巨任务。第三版俄罗斯图书馆学情报学专业教育国家标准的出台并实施,明确了俄罗斯图书馆学情报学专业教育的变革方向,即专业人才培养类型多元化、课程结构人文化和技术化并重以及教育质量评估制度化,展示了俄罗斯图书馆学情报学专业教育的良好前景。