温度、pH及碳氮源对产色素青霉菌株（Penicilliumsp．）生长的影响

PSO312是从土壤分离的1个青霉菌株,生长中能产生不同酸碱性条件下显黄色与紫红色等天然色素物质．通过菌株固体平板上恒温培养,168h测定菌落直径的方法研究了温度、pH及碳、氮源对菌株（Penicilliumsp．）生长的影响．研究表明31℃为菌株生长的最适温度．31℃培养以pH2—3的最快,pH8—9生长次之,24℃培养以pH8—9生长最快,pH3—4其次．菌株以蛋白胨4g／L、牛肉膏4g／L、酵母膏2g／L及尿素2g／L为氮源培养的菌落直径分别为55．75mm、51．5mm、55．5mm及25．3mm．在（NH4）2SO4 2g／L、NH4NO3 3g／L、NaNO3 4g／L、KN034g／L用量之上培养生长最快,菌落直径分别为35mm、34mm、35mm、及32mm．葡萄糖、蔗糖用量30g／L、果糖20g／L及乳糖25g／L的生长速率最快,菌落直径分别为45mm、38mm、38mm及39mm．丙三醇与淀粉25g／L培养的菌落直径均为39mm．     

从亚里士多德的悲剧观看布朗《维兰德》中的主人公

查尔斯?布鲁克登?布朗(charles Brockden Brown,1771-1810)是美国小说的开山鼻祖,<维兰德>(Wieland,1798)是布朗最重要的小说,选用书信体形式,用女性人物克拉拉·维兰德来叙事.克拉拉讲述了他们家的悲剧故事.这个悲剧的主人公西奥多·维兰德正是她唯一的哥哥.本文通过克拉拉对其哥哥维兰德悲剧的讲述,采用亚里士多德的悲剧理论,从"逆转、辨认和悲剧行为"与"性格悲剧"两方面入手对悲剧的主人公维兰德重新加以评析,来寻求布朗在悲剧创作上与亚里士多德悲剧观的契合之处.通过亚里士多德的悲剧理论来欣赏<维兰德>,无论在悲剧情节安排上还是在人物性格塑造上我们发现了它们之间有很多契合之处,这也是<维兰德>作为一部英语名著在美国文学中比较有地位的原因所在.     

酸石榴汁红色素的树脂吸附及石榴提取物的抗氧化作用研究

研究了7种吸附树脂对酸石榴汁红色素的吸附及石榴各部分提取物对DPPH（1,1-Dphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl）的清除作用.实验结果表明：HPD-300对草莓红色素的吸附效果最好;2 mg/mL的酸石榴汁红色素对DPPH的清除率达91.48%,与Vc的抗氧化作用相比,酸石榴各部分提取物对DPPH的清除率顺序为：Vc〉酸石榴汁红色素〉酸石榴皮的醇洗脱部分〉酸石榴皮水洗脱部分〉酸石榴汁水洗脱部分,表明酸石榴汁红色素具有良好的抗氧化活性.     

Anti-allergic effects of ethanol extracts from brown seaweeds

Ethanol extracts of brown seaweeds from Pakistan and China were isolated and compared for their antiallergenic activities.They included Sargassum tennerimum (ST) and Sargassum cervicorne (SC) from Pakistan,and Sargassum graminifolium turn (SG),Sargassum thunbergii (STH),and Laminariajaponica (LJ) from China.The ethanol extracts of these brown seaweeds were optimized at 85% (v/v) ethanol for the maximum yield of phlorotannin,an inhibitor against hyaluronidase.Total phlorotannins contained in the crude extracts were measured as 1.71% (SG),0.74% (STH),0.97% (LJ),3.30% (SC),and 5.06% (ST).The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of Pakistani SC and ST were 109.5 and 21 μg/ml,respectively,lower than those of Chinese SG,STH,and LJ (134,269,and 148 μg/ml,respectively).An antiallergic drug,disodium cromoglycate (DSCG),had an IC50=39 μg/ml,and a natural inhibitor of hyaluronidase,catechin,had an IC50=20 μg/ml.The IC50 of ST extract was found similar to that of catechin (21 vs 20 μg/ml) and lower than that of DSCG (21 vs 39 μg/ml).This suggests that ST is a potent inhibitor of hyaluronidase,indicating a promising future development of natural antiallergic medicines or functional foods.     

In the Ellison Tradition: In/Visible Bodies of Adolescent and YA Fiction

When Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man was published in 1952, he could not have known the impact his metaphor of invisibility would have on adolescent and YA literature. However, upon closer inspection, the importance and prevalence of his metaphor becomes evident. Authors of adolescent and YA literature routinely use the metaphor as an intertextual shortcut to discuss issues that shape adolescent subjectivity, which is demonstrated through an examination of Sapphire’s Push, Virginia Hamilton’s The Planet of Junior Brown, and Robert Cormier’s Fade.

复合磷酸铝铁的合成及防锈性能研究

通过实验在较低温度(20～60℃),合成了复合磷酸铝铁防锈颜料,并对其防锈性能进行了测试.实验表明,合成反应温度在20～60℃,Fe_2O_3与Al_2O_3的物质的量比在0.1～0.5,合成的磷酸铝铁防锈颜料的防锈性能优良.本方法合成的复合磷酸铁铝无毒、操作简单,能耗低、价格较低,可广泛作为工业及民用防锈涂料.     

论丹·布朗小说中矛盾双方的完美统一——从《地狱》谈起

美国作家丹·布朗创作的"罗伯特·兰登系列小说"历来备受读者的青睐,2013年问世的"兰登小说"第四部《地狱》再次引发了人们的广泛关注。丹·布朗小说的一大特色就是能将原本看似矛盾对立的事物双方完美地统一和共融于小说之中。《地狱》一书正是沿袭了丹·布朗的这一创作特点,将高雅与通俗、真实与虚构、宗教与科学三对矛盾完美地融合在了一起。     

Effects of organic solvents on two retinal pigment epithelial lipofuscin fluorophores,A2E and all-trans-retinal dimer

Gene and drug therapies are being developed to alleviate vision loss in patients with Stargardt’s disease and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). To evaluate the therapeutic effects of these treatments, organic solvents are routinely used to extract and quantify bisretinoid lipofuscin constituents, such as N-retinylidene-N-retinyl-ethanolamine (A2E) and all-trans-retinal dimer (ATR-dimer). By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we found that A2E and ATR-dimer were both altered by tetrahydrofuran (THF) and chloroform, but were stable in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or methanol (MeOH). In addition, cyclohexane and ethanol (EtOH) did not alter ATR-dimer, whereas an alteration of A2E occurred in EtOH. On the basis of these findings, we designed processes II–IV, generated by modifications of process I, a routine method to measure bisretinoid compounds in vivo. Extra amounts of either ATR-dimer or A2E in mouse eyecups were released by processes II–IV versus process I. Efforts to clarify the effects of organic solvents on lipofuscin pigments are important because such studies can guide the handling of these fluorophores in related experiments.     

龙眼壳黄色素的提取及其稳定性研究

以龙眼壳为原料提取黄色素,并对该色素的稳定性进行研究.实验结果表明,该色素最佳提取工艺为:提取剂为乙酸乙酯,浸提料液比为1∶30,温度为40℃,时间为3 h.稳定性研究表明,该色素对光、热和还原剂的稳定性良好.食品添加剂和金属离子对色素的影响较小,其中柠檬酸,山梨酸钾对色素有增色效应,因此其用量不宜过多;Fe3+、Zn2+、Al3+对色素影响较大.该色素耐酸、不耐碱,在pH值接近10时,色素明显变色且有少量的沉淀物.     

栀子黄色素的提取及稳定性的研究

报道了栀子中黄色素的提取方法，以及光照、温度、PH值和金属离子对栀子黄色素的影响，发现该色素在440nm处有强吸收峰，在碱性和中性条件下，对光、热、金属离子稳定性好，Fe^2 、Sn^2 对色素有较大影响。