Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA): Guidelines for research practice in Information Systems and marketing

The increasing interest in fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) in Information Systems and marketing raises the need for a tutorial paper that discusses the basic concepts and principles of the method, provide answers to typical questions that editors, reviewers, and authors would have when dealing with a new tool of analysis, and practically guide researchers on how to employ fsQCA. This article helps the reader to gain richer information from their data and understand the importance of avoiding shallow information‐from‐data reporting. To this end, it proposes a different research paradigm that includes asymmetric, configurational‐focused case‐outcome theory construction and somewhat precise outcome testing. This article offers a detailed step-by-step guide on how to employ fsQCA by using as an example an already published study. We analyze the same dataset and present all the details in each step of the analysis to guide the reader onto how to employ fsQCA. The article discusses differences between fsQCA and variance-based approaches and compares fsQCA with those from structured equation modelling. Finally, the article offers a summary of thresholds and guidelines for practice, along with a discussion on how existing papers that employ variance-based methods are extendable and complemented through fsQCA.     

远程校准系统通用环境的分析与设计

在深入计量校准机构进行调查和分析现有远程校准系统的基础上,设计了一种普遍通用的远程校准系统。该校准系统投入较少,适应能力强,能提高校准机构的工作效率,为各企事业单位的器具送检节省了大量的时间。     

摄像机标定精度的比较研究

本文针对摄像机标定精度,对三种经典标定方法进行了对比研究,阐述了各种标定方法的优缺点,指出了各种标定方法的适用场合。仿真实验结果验证了三种标定方法在图像坐标噪声、世界坐标噪声、图像数据数量三方面对标定误差的影响,这对研究摄像机标定精度和应用具有一定的参考意义。     

Explaining calibration accuracy in classroom contexts: the effects of incentives, reflection, and explanatory style

A 2 × 2 quasi-experimental design was used to investigate the impact of extrinsic incentives and reflection on students’ calibration of exam performance. We further examined the relationships among attributional style, performance, and calibration judgments. Participants were 137 college students enrolled in an educational psychology course. Results differed as a function of exam performance. Higher-performing students were very accurate in their calibration and did not show significant improvements across a semester-length course. Attributional style did not significantly contribute to their calibration judgments. Lower-performing students, however, were less accurate in their calibration, and students in the incentives condition showed significant increases in calibration. Beyond exam scores, attributional style constructs were significant predictors of calibration judgments for these students. The constructs targeting study and social variables accounted for most of the additional explained variance. The qualitative data also revealed differences by performance level in open-ended explanations for calibration judgments.     

Using strategy instruction and confidence judgments to improve metacognitive monitoring

Current models of self-regulated learning emphasize the pervasive need for metacognitive monitoring skills at all phases of the learning process (Winne and Hadwin in Studying as self-regulated learning. In D. J. Hacker, J. Dunlosky, & A. C. Graesser (Eds.), Metacognition in educational theory and practice (pp. 227–304). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1998). In this investigation, we examined the impact of teaching 5th grade students how to self-monitor their comprehension and make confidence judgments. One treatment class (N = 21) engaged in process-oriented comprehension monitoring training while the other (N = 24) engaged in both comprehension monitoring training and response-oriented monitoring accuracy training. Findings revealed that students in both treatment classes improved their calibration accuracy and showed higher confidence on test performance than students in two comparison classes (N = 47, N = 26) after 2 weeks of instruction. However, students in the monitoring accuracy training class also showed significant gains in overconfidence in comparison to those in the other three classes. Implications for integrating comprehension-monitoring training at the elementary school level are discussed.

基于缺氧/厌氧/好氧/后缺氧工艺的活性污泥模型的校正及验证

研究目的：以中试规模的缺氧/厌氧/好氧/后缺氧污水处理工艺为研究对象,利用BioWin软件平台及其内嵌的通用活性污泥数学模型,建立该工艺的模拟模型并进行校正及验证,为优化该工艺的设计及运行提供指导。创新要点：成功建立了缺氧/厌氧/好氧/后缺氧工艺的活性污泥数学模型,甄别出对模型输出有显著影响的灵敏性参数。研究方法：通过呼吸试验获取进水水质特征,利用BioWinTM软件平台及其内嵌的通用活性污泥数学模型,建立该工艺的模拟模型,利用模型缺省值进行初步稳态模拟,借助灵敏度分析方法筛选出重要的化学计量学参数及动力学参数并进行模型校正,利用校正后的模型对该工艺进行了动态模拟。重要结论：灵敏度分析可优化模型的校正过程,该工艺出水水质对异养菌（OHOs）和氨氧化菌（AOB）（YH、μmaxH、Ks、bH、μmaxA、KNH4A和baeroa,A）的灵敏度较高。校正后的模型稳态模拟出水水质（pH、COD、TN、NH4＋-N、NO2--N、NO3--N和TP）控制在与实测出水相应的95%置信区间内（图5）,表明稳态模型建模成功,在此基础上运行的动态模拟准确地反映了工艺实际运行中的浓度变化趋势（图6）,具有良好的模拟效果。     

Colour measurement of acid-detector strips for the quantification of volatile organic acids in storage conditions

Acid-detector (A-D) strips were originally developed to assess the deterioration of acetate film stock, but they can also be used more generally within enclosures to detect volatile acidic pollution. A hand-held reflectance spectrophotometer was used to record the colour of individual strips in order to make consistent and reproducible readings. Calibration was carried out using the yellow-blue axis b*(D65) value in the CIELAB1976 system to measure the colour of A-D strips suspended in enclosed containers over solutions of acetic acid in combinations with glycerol to control the relative humidity (RH). A-D strips were found to be sensitive to changes in high RH (60–90%) but affected little by changes in lower RH or temperatures in the museum display and storage range. A-D strips can be used to establish the presence of volatile acids, record the indication of acid vapour concentration, explore conditions within a container, and to find sources of volatile acidity. They respond very quickly and several can be placed around an object. They therefore show promise for measuring slowly changing conditions, such as seasonal changes and the gradual accumulation of acidity in poorly ventilated containers and spaces. A-D strips proved useful in assessing air quality in storage and display enclosures. Examples and test results are presented. Well-sealed plywood transit frames and storage cases were found to be most polluted with volatile acids. Storage rooms with air filtration systems but filled with wooden objects had significantly reduced air quality.     

NTC热敏电阻的温度测量技术及线性电路

文章从NTC热敏电阻的性能参数出发,对NTC热敏电阻温度测量技术、接口电路、输入标定的应用进行了分析。     

远程校准系统通用环境的分析与设计

在深入计量校准机构进行调查和分析现有远程校准系统的基础上,设计了一种普遍通用的远程校准系统。该校准系统投入较少,适应能力强,能提高校准机构的工作效率,为各企事业单位的器具送检节省了大量的时间。     

测验等值研究综述

本研究从研究历史、概念界定、数据收集设计、等值模型和等值方法、等值误差及不同等值方法的评价标准等五个方面对测验等值研究进行了文献综述,以期为今后等值研究的进一步开展提供理论基础。