Curriculating Powerful Knowledge for Public Managers and Administrators

Abstract

Public Management and Public Administration are important professions for an emerging democracy such as South Africa. They operate as the interface between state and public and are responsible for enacting many of the government's policies and social initiatives. Concerns about a lack of capacity in the sector suggest that those in these roles may be unable to meet the demands of the workplace. This article reports on a study that responded to calls for the curriculum to address such concerns by interrogating the knowledge structures of Public Management and Public Administration programmes in higher education. Interviews, textbooks and course guides were analysed to illuminate the forms of knowledge being legitimated in curricula. The study found that the focus on knowledge, skills and processes might be at the expense of a focus on the development of particular attributes or dispositions in the knowers. Furthermore, the knowledge level focus was limited in that it was highly contextualised and “light” on theory, raising questions about the acquisition of powerful knowledge needed for good governance and critical engagement in the public sector. The study recommends that both programmes include more conceptual knowledge; exposure to critical powerful forms of knowledge; and the development of particular attributes and dispositions.     

基于核密度估计聚类和关联规则的医学图像分类

基于数据挖掘的医学图像分类方法研究是多媒体数据挖掘的一个重要组成部分。在分析和总结了现有各种特征提取方法的基础上，提出了基于核密度估计聚类和关联规则的医学图像分类算法和关联规则的医学图像分类器框架。该算法先用核密度估计的聚类算法实现医学图像的聚类，在聚类的结果上提取局部特征，在局部特征上用关联规则实现医学图像的分类。实验结果表明可以较好的提高医学图像分类的准确率。     

光电效应中的佯谬

在光电效应中，如果我们误认为光电子数密度为一常数，就会得到与实验事实不符的结论。事实上光电子数密度是光电子速度的函数。     

利用数字测井参数确定软弱夹层

利用数字测井参数确定软弱夹层，主要使用中子孔隙度、切变量、体密度三个变量建立判别函数．并求出函数值。     

空间密度聚类在数字图书馆图像检索中的应用

图像聚类为数字图书馆图像管理提供了新的技术支持,能够在大量图像数据中发掘使用户感兴趣的信息。传统应用于图像聚类的特征提取算法往往忽略图像颜色的空间分布信息,且适应性较差。通过等面积矩形环对图像进行划分并计算各空间区域的相关性,并根据空间区域相关性计算各区域的重要性,将空间信息与颜色信息进行融合。同时对快速搜索密度峰值聚类算法的截断距离进行了合理改进,在保证聚类精度的同时提高收敛速度。最后将该密度聚类算法应用于数字图书馆图像检索之中。通过实验验证,本文提出的方法是可行的、有效的。     

Antioxidant and lipid lowering activities of Indian black tea

Indian black tea; CTC leaf and dust, produced by Tata Tea Limited, Kolkata, (India) was studiedin vitro as potential scavenger of oxygen free radicals. Super oxide anions were generated in a system containing xanthine—xanthine oxidase (enzymic system) and by NADH- phenozine methosulphate (non enzymic system). Anions were assayed in terms of uric acid formation and reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium salt, which were shown to be suppressed by tea extracts. Extracts from both leaf and dust also inhibted the formation of hydroxyl radicalsin vitro in the enzymic system comprising hypoxanthine—Cu⁺²—sodium ascorbate and xanthine oxidase and in non enzymic system of deoxyribose—Cu⁺²—sodium ascorbate and H₂O₂ as well as the Cu⁺² induced lipid peroxidation in human low density lipoprotein. Feeding with black tea in normal rats for sixty days increased their antioxidant activity and their liver microsomes were shown to be protected against peroxidation of lipids as stimulated by metal ions with enzymic or non enzymic reactants. Furthermore feeding with tea extracts in normal as well as triton WR—1339 induced hyperlipidemic rats caused decrease in their plasma levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides. The antioxidant and lipid lowering activities of both extracts from CTC leaf and dust tea was comparable and may be due to the presence of natural products like catechin and others.     

等离子体天线轴向密度数值模拟和辐射图计算

由于电子密度分布、激励功率、气压等因素的影响，等离子体天线参数（增益、方向图等）通常难以求解。本文利用时域差分建立电磁波沿等离子体天线激励和传播的模型，得到不同参数（如激励功率、碰撞频率、等离子体迟豫时间、每个电子对所需能量）对等离子体轴向电子密度分布的影响，解释了不同激励情况下电子密度的线性和非线性分布，并解决了信号沿等离子体天线传播的波矢分布、辐射方向图的求解问题。     

单烯烃的密度与其分子结构之间关系的探讨

根据分子结构的特点,用结构信息法探讨了单烯烃的密度与其分子结构之间的关系,提出了一个结构基础明确的定量关系.对149种单烯烃的计算表明,计算值与实验值之间的一致性令人满意,平均误差0.518％。应用本文定量关系,不仅能够预测烯烃的密度,而且有助于揭示物质结构性能关系之间的奥秘。     

铝含量对Fe—30Mn—（1—9）Al合金阳极钝化性能影响的研究

采用阳极极化测量、俄歇能谱仪与X射线光电子谱仪研究了Fe-30Mn-(1～9)Al系奥氏体合金在1mol/L Na_2SO_4介质中的电化学腐蚀行为与钝化膜.在弱酸性介质(pH=5.55),中,随Al含量增加,自腐蚀电位E(corr)升高,自腐蚀电流密度I_(corr)减小,Al量增至5％,合金呈现钝化.Al是钝性元素,形成以Al_2O_3为主要组分的钝化膜.因此,增加Al含量,可以显著提高Fe-Mn-Al合金的耐腐蚀性能.     

积层印制电路板的研究进展

积层印制电路板（简称积层板）是由独立的印制电路板或由内层间被绝缘材料分隔的电路板组成的。本文综述了国内外积层印制电路板的最新研究进展。