我国城乡二元财政的形成与一元化演变

新中国成立后,为了给重工业优先发展的工业化提供资本积累,我国政府通过征收农业税建立了城乡二元税制,并采取城乡二元公共品供给制度,使农民的税收负担比城市居民的税收负担重,而农村居民享有的公共品比城市居民少,加速了城乡二元经济结构的形成和演进。进入工业化中期,我国及时调整了经济发展战略,实行工业反哺农业的政策,2006年取消了农业税,城乡二元税制不复存在;同时通过一系列农村公共产品供给体制的改革,城乡二元公共品供给体制也不复存在,但财政分配的城乡二元性还存在。二元财政制度的一元化,并不意味着长期二元财政制度的结果可以立即得到消除,城乡收入差距、消费差距、公共服务差距依然会长期存在。加速城乡一体化,政府还应加大对"三农"的财政支持力度,提高城乡二元财政支出对比度。     

突破性创新团队智力资本评价体系的理论构建与实证检验

团队智力资本是智力资本研究的一个重要而又相对薄弱的分支,迄今为止关于创新团队(特别是突破性创新团队)智力资本测评的研究文献屈指可数。在文献回顾的基础上,本文界定了突破性创新团队智力资本的概念,基于前人相关研究成果和前期定性访谈结果确定了其量表的构成维度以及各维度的测量指标(题项),即完成了突破性创新团队智力资本量表的理论建构,进而对该量表的信度与效度(包括内部一致性、收敛效度、区别效度和律则效度)进行了实证检验,并最终开发出具有较高信度和效度的突破性创新团队智力资本量表。研究结果表明,突破性创新团队智力资本量表由3个维度(团队人力资本、团队关系资本和团队结构资本)和14个测量指标构成。     

Limitations on the human capital transferability of adult migrants in Spain: Incentive or barrier for a new investment in education?

Many empirical studies on immigrant integration document the benefits of an education acquired in the country of destination. In this article; we study how the degree of human capital transferability affects an immigrant's chances of studying in Spain. We used data from the Spanish Labour Force Survey (2008–2015) for a sample of adults aged 18–55 who had left the educational system. The main findings show that natives are the ethnic group with the highest likelihood of re-enrolling in education. Amongst immigrants, those with fewer limitations on human capital transferability also invest more. These results question the predictions of the Immigrant Human Capital Investment model which expect that immigrants whose human capital depreciates upon arrival and those who can obtain a higher return on a new investment in education are therefore more likely to study. Moreover, the effect of skill transferability differs depending on the type of obstacle and the kind of education. Immigrants with less linguistic and cultural familiarity with the host country are less likely to undertake non-formal education than formal education. However, when the transferability obstacles are related to administrative requirements and legal restrictions, the probability of investing in non-formal education is higher. We conclude that immigrants with low skill transferability are not only less well integrated in the labour market upon arrival, but are also less able to redress that disadvantage through a new investment in education.     

Lebesgue积分几何意义的另一证法

利用笛卡尔积性质给出了可测函数的Lebesgue积分几何意义的一个新证法.     

中国经济持续高速增长探源

中国延续了二十多年的高速增长趋势将会在 2 1世纪相当长的时期内得以保持并将愈趋稳定。制度变迁增强了资源的配置效率 ,全球化背景下庞大的人口规模、地区经济的不平衡发展与社会主义制度的结合从劣势变成优势 ,世界资本市场和技术市场给后发国家的经济以迅速成长的机会 ,西方市场经济发展的历史以及建立在这种历史基础上的西方经济学说成为中国经济理论创新的思想前提 ,政府宏观调控在社会主义制度条件下得以有效发挥 ,五千年历史文化积累 ,在知识经济时代的经济价值得以重新评价和有效利用等等是促成中国经济持续高速增长的主要原因。     

“Boundaryless” in the creative economy: assessing freelancing on Upwork

This paper engages discourses about the nature of creative work through a case study of creative worker freelancing on Upwork, an online marketplace. The analysis begins by contextualizing the growth of freelancing in a transformation of capitalism to a mode of flexible accumulation. It is framed against neoliberal narratives about the creative economy, including promises of financial success and freedom from rigid Fordism. An exploration of the characteristics of technology-mediated work on Upwork, including contract structure, wages, consistency of work, risk-management strategies, and profiles of clients and freelancers follows. The findings suggest that despite the company’s emphases on efficiency, flexibility, and freedom from the physical office, freelancers face significant trade-offs in undertaking such work, notably its infrequency, barriers to high wages, and intense global competition. The discussion addresses structural drivers of precarity in the marketplace and of its ongoing success.     

甘薯种子不同成熟度与有机物积累的关系研究

通过甘薯不同成熟度的种子中主要有机物总糖、粗脂肪和蛋白质含量的测定，得知随着种子成熟度增加，主要有机物含量增加，种子重量增加．     

中、美风险投资退出机制的对比分析及对我国的启示

风险投资的退出机制是风险投资的关键。本文在对比分析中、美两国的风险投资退出机制的基础上,结合我国风险投资退出机制存在的问题,提出了完善我国风险投资退出机制的对策。     

新农村建设的社会资本路径探析

社会资本意指普通公民的民间参与网络,以及体现在这种约定中的公共精神、社会舆论和互惠规范,它通常被理解成结构型和认知型源泉之间的某种组合。结构型社会资本和认知型社会资本通过不同的作用机制推动新农村建设的进程。乡村社会资本因其公共物品性面临供给和投资不足的困境,乡镇政府应当承担起投资乡村社会资本的责任。     

李鸿章自安徽入都诗笺传

对李鸿章《入都》诗十首予以详析,解其用语,究其旨意,诗旨无非追悔昔日,自信将来云而。李公强为“意别”、“辞别”之难而多得佳制,是彰其寸之大、气之盛耳!然难于为讳者,十诗于“意别”似欠著力。特其九颈联之用事,显为败笔,此皆难与李公后来诗之老辣相与语矣。