社会转型对城市"留守儿童"代际冲突影响的研究

转型时期,城市社会中原有的单位制发生了急剧的变化.单位的改革迫使国有企业职工背井离乡,开始了打工的生活,而他们的子女被迫留守家中,成为了城市里的"留守儿童"。转型社会对这些孩子以及他们现任监护人的思想、生活方式等都有着强烈地冲击,这使他们之间的"代际冲突"发生了加剧.本文以转型社会为背景,从社会学的角度探讨了转型社会对城市"留守儿童"代际冲突的影响.     

高校保健体育班课程设置现状与对策

采用文献法、调查法、统计法,对福建、安徽部分高校保健体育班课程设置现状进行研究。结果表明:现阶段保健体育课与其教学目标之间缺乏对应和衔接,教学实践中表现出较大的随意性,许多保健课形同虚设,流于形式,无实质内容。从理论课的教学内容看,缺乏针对性和实用性,不能有效地传授相关的体育保健、康复运动处方和康复评价等理论知识。     

‘Fathers and sons’ in Xenophon’s teaching of the man taking care of himself

This article considers the oeuvre of Xenophon (c.430–354 bc) as providing an insight into the concept of ‘care of the self’ in Greek education. In many of his works the leading characters are men who take care of themselves through education. Addressing the theme of ‘fathers and sons’, Xenophon aimed to show that ‘care of the self’ is a particular way of upbringing in the family and in the polis, where the older instruct the younger in fulfilling their duties according to their age, following model examples of thought and conduct during work and leisure. Thus, with the help of specific situations involving parents and children, mentors and their pupils, Xenophon established a general framework for understanding the ancient citizens and family men, to whom education and self-education were a special means of finding their own identity in their culture.     

Longitudinal analyses of educational outcomes for youth transitioning out of care in the US: trends and influential factors

ABSTRACT

This paper draws on data collected from two of the most extensive longitudinal studies of care leavers in the US. The Midwest Study (2003–2011) included 732 youths in foster care in three Midwestern states, and the CalYOUTH Study (2012–present) includes 727 youths in California foster care. The paper has three objectives: (1) describe trends in secondary and postsecondary educational attainment at different ages; (2) summarise findings on predictors of educational attainment; and (3) summarise findings on the impact of extended foster care (EFC) on educational attainment. Results from these two studies show that by age 21, 77–85% of care leavers finish a secondary credential and 31–52% enrol in college. By age 25, about 8% have earned a college degree. Results from multivariate analyses find that youths’ educational background and parental status were consistently associated with later educational attainment. Specific aspects of social support also influenced college outcomes. Life demands after enrolling in college (e.g. employment, parenthood) played a more influential role in college degree attainment than did aspects of youths’ background. Characteristics of colleges also predicted youths’ odds of degree completion. Finally, existing evidence suggests that EFC promotes secondary credential completion and college entry, but not college persistence or degree completion.     

论情绪情感在教育中的作用

情绪情感的教育是一种深入心灵的教育，是培养人身心健康的重要渠道，也是现代教育的终极目标，我们的教师应该是一个有人格魅力的教师，我们的教育方法应“晓之以情，动之以理”，“润物细无声”，这样才能培养出有理想，有道德，有创造力，有着丰富多彩个性的，身心健康的未来劳动。     

An “Ideal” Home for Care: Nel Noddings,Thomas Hill Green,and an Ontological Support for a Phenomenology of Care

This paper is grounded in a deep appreciation of Nel Noddings’ “ethics of care” as an important contribution to moral philosophy and moral education. We seek to offer some philosophical reflections that have the potential to strengthen this important alternative to mainstream ethics and to how moral education might be conceived and practiced differently. After identifying some ambivalence in Noddings’ own position toward abstract philosophy, and despite the practical reasons for this that we share, we then find grounds for pressing in this speculative direction, some of which indeed accord with Noddings’ own statements and philosophical concerns. To show how such further philosophical reflection upon her relational morality could help, we focus on elaborating a perspective on ontological issues that we find in the work of Thomas Hill Green, a 19^th century idealist, and seek to show its compatibility with Noddings’ more pragmatic stance. A concluding point addresses, and dispels, a possible worry that the grand narrative structure of Green’s idealism might undercut Noddings’ aim of having an ethic that is melioristic and open.     

平等与差等：师爱的抉择及其伦理依据

在现实生活中,教育时常需要处理“平等之爱”与“差等之爱”之间的冲突。“平等之爱”作为基本人权在今天民主化的生活中为人们所推崇,但在现实生活中它易把人性中丰富多彩的情感置于理性的压制之中;“差等之爱”虽顾及人的私人情谊但存在着侵蚀社会平等和法律公正的危险,并有可能抑制公共精神的发育,尤其在教育中,差等之爱的处理更需慎重。为此,如何有效处理学生差异发展中弱者和优者的最大利益,我们应既吸纳亚里士多德、罗尔斯以及罗纳德·德沃金的方略,也应考虑诺丁斯的建议。     

高校贫困生心理问题的表现、成因与对策

随着高校扩招，贫困生数量大幅增加，许多贫困生承受着巨大的经济压力和心理压力，成了高校中各种心理问题的高发群体，需要我们予以高度关注．本文分析了贫困生心理问题的表现、成因，提出了解决对策。     

Inequalities in school leavers’ labour market outcomes: do school subject choices matter?

Abstract

Despite a wide international literature on the effect of vocational and general education on school-to-work transition, relatively little is known about the role of having studied specific subjects in explaining inequalities in young people’s labour market outcomes. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining differences in employment chances of young people who left education early, either at the end of compulsory schooling or at the end of secondary school. Using data from the Scottish Longitudinal Study, a large-scale linkage study created using data from administrative and statistical sources, we found little gender differences but strong parental background differences in school leavers’ employment status and type of occupation entered. Social inequalities in labour market outcomes were only partly explained by curriculum choices. Moreover, after controlling for social origin and grades, only history and business for lower-secondary leavers and maths for upper-secondary leavers were associated with a reduction in the chances of being unemployed/inactive.     

浅析安乐死的争论

现代生物技术的飞速发展和卫生医疗技术的进步,出现了与死亡相关的各种伦理道德困境和难题。作为生命伦理学研究的重点内容,安乐死成为新时代各界关注的焦点问题,与其相关争论涉及医学、风俗、伦理、经济、法律、社会学、宗教信仰等多个领域。因此,从生命伦理学的立场重新审视安乐死的有关争论,对于进一步认识和解决安乐死的问题有着极其重要的作用。