农村贫困地区幼儿保育和教育现状及其发展政策建议——以中部某省某国家级贫困县N镇为个案

农村贫困地区的幼儿保育和教育工作是我国实现全民教育目标所面临的最大难点。本研究选取我国中部某国家级贫困县N镇作为个案,以联合国教科文组织亚太办事处列出的21项幼儿保育和教育指标为基本框架,采取个人访谈、文献收集和现场观察等方法对农村贫困地区幼儿保育和教育工作开展现状展开全面调查。结果显示,N镇的幼儿保育现状和幼儿教育现状都十分不容乐观,存在的主要问题包括留守幼儿保育状况令人担忧;祖辈们的保育知识匮乏,保育方式不科学;幼儿保育医疗卫生条件差;幼儿园任课教师专业合格率偏低;幼儿园教育小学化倾向严重;地方政府对幼儿教育缺乏重视。造成这些问题的根源主要是我国现有相关法律法规不完善,管理体制存在弊端,幼儿教师农村就业渠道不畅。为促进我国农村贫困地区幼儿保育与教育工作的发展,应尽快制定内容完整的《幼儿保育和教育法》,完善我国幼儿保育与教育治理结构,重建其投资体制,加大中央政府与省级政府的投入职责,在政府引导下构建多种共同促进幼儿保育与教育工作发展的伙伴关系。     

新农合基金管理探析

从新农合制度试点至全面推开的现状看,新农合基金运行管理过程中存在着挪用、骗套取等各种安全隐患。针对这些隐患,应从建立健全法律法规、推进新农合信息化建设、加大审计监督力度等方面为新农合基金安全健康运行提供保障。     

从昆明市区内几座新建图书馆看现代图书馆建筑与人文关怀

本文以昆明市区内新建的几所图书馆为侧,从馆外与馆内两方面论述了人文关怀在现代图书馆建筑中的具体体现。     

历史研究与现实关怀——张海鹏先生的学问人生

张海鹏先生的学术研究领域主要是中国近代史。他的各种研究论著,虽不乏具体而微的史实考辨,但更多的是有关中国近代史研究理论与方法的宏观思考与评论。事实上,他的主要学术旨趣正在于探索近代中国的历史进程,建构中国近代史的学科体系。他不是一位纯粹书斋式的学者,既有传统士人的入世精神,又有现代知识分子的参与意识。作为历史学家,他研究历史,不是为学术而学术,而是立足现实,既从现实社会中发现历史研究的问题意识,又力图从历史研究中寻求解决现实社会政治问题的思想资源。研究历史,观照现实,是其基本的学术品格。     

Teacher attrition in the USA: the relational elements in a Utah case study

Previous work on teacher attrition in the US has indicated that those who stay in the profession and those who leave are not separate homogenous groups. In this study, the lived experience of former teachers is examined to determine the issues that distinguish leavers from stayers. The sample is from the state of Utah, a state with one of the highest attrition rates in the nation. By loosely applying self-thematization theory to collect and analyze data from former teachers, a variety of elements were identified that combined in timing and intensity to influence the decision to leave the profession. These elements are also experienced by teachers who stay. However, in this study, collegial relationships was identified as the mitigating factor regardless of any combination of other factors influencing the decision to leave or stay. Although small-scale convenience sampling was employed, this study allows for an intimate accounting of the relational elements of teaching that exist among educators, which are often overlooked. Implications for teaching and schools are discussed with suggestions for direction of future research on teacher attrition.     

牧牛出诊网络医疗在新时代促进粤西地区基层老年患者消化道出血早期预防及诊治的教育价值

问卷调查800例粤西地区基层的老年消化道出血患者,分析其中部分患者通过牧牛出诊长期看病及咨询获益的教育价值。结论表明,通过牧牛出诊长期看病及咨询教育可以减少老年患者消化道出血年住院次数,牧牛出诊具有早期预防及诊治老年患者消化道出血的价值。     

Changing lives: improving care leaver access to higher education

ABSTRACT

Australian and international research documents the limited access of young people transitioning from out-of-home care (OOHC) to further and higher education. This paper examines the processes, outcomes, and key findings of the Raising Expectations project, a collaborative university and industry approach to promote higher education among care leavers at two Australian universities. That approach was informed by the co-authors' previous research, including interviews with enrolled care-leaver students. The paper highlights the relevance of that research in the design and implementation of Raising Expectations. Our findings reiterate the importance of policy and practice reforms informed by rigorous research, particularly involving the voices and agency of care leavers. We outline strategies adopted by the participating universities resulting in a fourfold increase in enrolments, growth in school outreach activities, and significantly improved retention rates. The paper also highlights barriers to higher education access and success, through care-leaver student interviews and policy analysis. These interviews revealed the need for better university outreach and information to prospective care-leaver students, improved support for enrolled care-leaver students, and better capturing of data by universities and governments. The paper also highlights policy barriers to the greater expansion of care-leavers at university, especially in the absence of extended state care.     

A Conversation of Care: Unpacking and Engaging Pre-service Teacher Ideologies

Caring relationships are a core component in effective classrooms, and safe learning environments. As such, it is important for pre-service teachers to reflect on their own perceptions and experience regarding care and care within the classroom if they are to build upon that knowledge and grow as caring educators. In addition, teacher educators can learn more about the developing theories of care that exist within college classrooms, and utilize this knowledge in working with pre-service teachers to understand the power of care and relationships between students and teachers. The purpose of this article is to examine pre-service teacher perceptions of “care” and caring relationships within the classroom. How do pre-service teachers define “care”, and how do their experiences align with their personal beliefs? More importantly, how do these perspectives shape their teacher identity?     

试析高校体育教育的社会着眼点

本文运用社会观察法、文献资料法,在结合国内外高校体育教育现状的基础上,对我国高校体育目前存在的问题进行分析,立足于社会发展的实际需要,试对我国高校体育教育改革的方向问题进行论述.结果发现:当代大学生在高校中所学体育知识、技能在工作后竞一筹莫展;体育保健意识薄弱;休闲体育离高校体育教育较远,大学生体育能力发展受限,社会体育运动技能、常识匮乏,高校体育教育发展和社会体育实际人才需求脱节.     

论关怀伦理与高校贫困生管理

关怀伦理学是当代西方女性主义伦理学的一个重要分支。它以女性特有的心理特征为视角来对现代人际道德关系进行构建,因此其所包含的思想具有独特的内涵和重要的应用价值。文章在分析中国传统伦理哲学中的关怀思想和西方关怀伦理学派基本思想的基础上,提出了关怀伦理对我国高校贫困生管理工作的重要启示。