Users’ ability to perceive misinformation: An information quality assessment approach

Digital information exchange enables quick creation and sharing of information and thus changes existing habits. Social media is becoming the main source of news for end-users replacing traditional media. This also enables the proliferation of fake news, which misinforms readers and is used to serve the interests of the creators. As a result, automated fake news detection systems are attracting attention. However, automatic fake news detection presents a major challenge; content evaluation is increasingly becoming the responsibility of the end-user. Thus, in the present study we used information quality (IQ) as an instrument to investigate how users can detect fake news. Specifically, we examined how users perceive fake news in the form of shorter paragraphs on individual IQ dimensions. We also investigated which user characteristics might affect fake news detection. We performed an empirical study with 1123 users, who evaluated randomly generated stories with statements of various level of correctness by individual IQ dimensions. The results reveal that IQ can be used as a tool for fake news detection. Our findings show that (1) domain knowledge has a positive impact on fake news detection; (2) education in combination with domain knowledge improves fake news detection; and (3) personality trait conscientiousness contributes significantly to fake news detection in all dimensions.     

基于FCM-PFS与PSO-RF的隐性知识外显案例适配研究

对隐性知识外显案例实施有效适配,于知识应用乃至创新、实现乃至增值知识资源的价值,具有重要意义。本文深入研究了隐性知识外显案例适配机理。首先,采用毕达哥拉斯模糊集对知识属性值进行处理,建立知识表达系统;接着,运用K-Means算法对FCM聚类算法进行改进,压缩匹配空间、提升案例匹配效率;而后,基于PFS相关系数求解知识供需间的视图相似度,从而获得适配案例集。在此基础上,构建随机森林适配模型,并采用粒子群算法对其优化,以确保适配效果。与传统算法的对比实验验证了本文算法的比较优势。     

工科非电专业电工学教考模式的几点思考

电工学是工科院校非常重要的一门技术基础课,本文基于不同专业对电工学教学的要求,从内容设置、教学模式及考核模式几个方面进行了一些思考,并针对不同专业提出了案例教学的实例,以期能够把基础课的教学与专业方向紧密联系起来,用生动的教学方式激发学生学习这门课程的积极性。     

面向对象回归测试的方法

对面向对象软件回归测试的方法进行研究,该方法先对类及受影响的类进行分析,找出这些类,然后从测试用例集中找出覆盖所有受影响的类,最后进行测试用例排序进行执行。这种方法有效、经济和安全。     

Creating a Continuing Education Pathway for Newly Arrived Immigrants and Refugee Communities

With the increase in the number of displaced peoples, the demand for skilled social workers from diverse backgrounds to serve them is critical. This article explores a continuing education program that prepares precollege individuals from newly arriving communities who will work as entry-level workers serving these immigrant and refugee communities. The article focuses on the development of a Case Management Certificate Program as a response to community-identified issues, then presents a discussion exploring the educational pathways and unique contributions of these individuals. The article calls for the profession to explore how continuing education pathways can bridge service gaps, contribute to the knowledge base of social work, and meet current labor market demands.     

中小民营企业跨越发展的学习机制

本着重讨论了中小民营企业进行技术跨越的学习机制，建立了中小民营企业的学习机制分析模型，在此基础上对泉州市的民营企业作了实证研究，采用非定量的描述冰雹对中小民营企业的学习特征进行了识别，提出一些有意义的观点。     

A multicultural study of biometric privacy concerns in a fire ground accountability crisis response system

Biometric technology is rapidly gaining popularity as an access control mechanism in the workplace. In some instances, systems relying on biometric technology for access control have not been well received by employees. One potential reason for resistance may be perceived privacy issues associated with organizational collection and use of biometric data. This research draws on previous organizational information handling and procedural fairness literature to frame and examine these underlying privacy issues. Perceived accountability, perceived vulnerability, and distrust were distilled from the previous literature as the primary dimensions of employee privacy concerns related to biometric technology. This study assesses the effects of these privacy concerns, how they vary based on the cultural influences of Anglos and Hispanics.Fire ground accountability is a critical management objective in the firefighting domain. In multi-unit or multi-agency crisis response scenarios, the on-scene incident commander tracks and accounts for each first responder. This research designed and deployed a new fire ground accountability system that tracked firefighters through finger pattern-based biometric logins to their assigned positions on the firefighting apparatus. An instrument measuring level of privacy concern on three underlying dimensions and demographic data was developed, validated and administered in a quasi-experimental field study. A pre-test–post-test survey methodology was employed to detect potential differences in privacy concerns as familiarity with the system increased. The study shows that Anglo and Hispanic subjects frame privacy issues differently associated with use of biometric technology in a fire ground accountability system. Finally, the study showed that some privacy concerns such as distrust and perceived vulnerability can be alleviated through system use with changes in post-use privacy concerns moderated by ethnic affiliation.     

Face-to-face versus computer-mediated discussion of teaching cases: Impacts on preservice teachers’ engagement, critical analyses, and self-efficacy

Two frequently-used discussion protocols were investigated as part of a program to implement teaching cases in undergraduate educational psychology classes designed for preservice teachers. One protocol involved synchronous face-to-face (FTF) discussion of teaching cases, which occurred in class after students had individually completed written case analyses as homework outside of class. The other was asynchronous computer-mediated (CM) discussion taking place outside of class, simultaneous to students’ completion of their written case analyses. Six class offerings of an undergraduate child development course taught by two instructors (three classes by each instructor) were randomly assigned within instructor in a quasi-experimental design to one of the three discussion conditions: FTF, CM, or no discussion of the cases across the semester. Findings indicated that both CM and FTF discussion conditions were associated with positive outcomes relative to the control condition. Both CM and FTF discussion related to higher cognitive–affective engagement with the cases than the control condition; and the CM discussion condition was associated with higher cognitive–affective engagement than FTF discussion. In contrast, FTF discussion, but not CM discussion, was associated with higher-than-control-condition case analysis ability at the end of the semester. Potential explanations for these findings and directions for future research are discussed.     

Do altmetrics assess societal impact in a comparable way to case studies? An empirical test of the convergent validity of altmetrics based on data from the UK research excellence framework (REF)

Altmetrics have been proposed as a way to assess the societal impact of research. Although altmetrics are already in use as impact or attention metrics in different contexts, it is still not clear whether they really capture or reflect societal impact. This study is based on altmetrics, citation counts, research output and case study data from the UK Research Excellence Framework (REF), and peers’ REF assessments of research output and societal impact. We investigated the convergent validity of altmetrics by using two REF datasets: publications submitted as research output (PRO) to the REF and publications referenced in case studies (PCS). Case studies, which are intended to demonstrate societal impact, should cite the most relevant research papers. We used the MHq’ indicator for assessing impact – an indicator which has been introduced for count data with many zeros. The results of the first part of the analysis show that news media as well as mentions on Facebook, in blogs, in Wikipedia, and in policy-related documents have higher MHq’ values for PCS than for PRO. Thus, the altmetric indicators seem to have convergent validity for these data. In the second part of the analysis, altmetrics have been correlated with REF reviewers’ average scores on PCS. The negative or close to zero correlations question the convergent validity of altmetrics in that context. We suggest that they may capture a different aspect of societal impact (which can be called unknown attention) to that seen by reviewers (who are interested in the causal link between research and action in society).     

案例教学法在商务汉语教学中的应用

本文探讨了案例教学法在商务汉语教学中的应用问题。首先,在案例设计环节,应注意三点：（1）选择合适的教学案例,时事经济热点因为其具有经济性、真实性、典型性、时效性、层次性、广泛性等六大特性,所以非常适合被改造成商务汉语的课堂教学案例;（2）语料搜集应以利用网络资源为主,以利用其他手段为辅;（3）案例的设计思路应坚持以培养语言技能为主、坚持羊项技能训练与综合技能训练相结合、坚持循序渐进。其次,在课堂组织环节,应采取四个步骤,即导入案例、分组讨论、教师点评、撰写总结报告。