多变环境和复杂事件的表观遗传记录是细胞的衰老之源（英文）

虽然表观遗传和衰老的关联性已经被广泛接受,但是两者之间内在的因果关系需要深度的理论阐述和分析.本文通过分析环境与表观遗传相互作用及其过程的本质特征,证明表观遗传记录多变的细胞环境和复杂的细胞事件是细胞的衰老之源.细胞周围环境以及所经历事件可通过表观修饰激活或抑制染色体上各个基因的表达,从而对染色体模板以及基因表达模式进行塑造.外在环境和细胞历史的多变性以及内在冲突性由此被逐渐记录在染色体模板上,整体上导致染色体模板以及基因表达模式的混乱和耗散.这将导致细胞表观熵(类似于Shannon信息熵)不可避免地逐渐衰减,其混乱度可通过细胞分裂而进一步被稳定积累、记忆和扩增.另外,表观修饰应对外在环境的变化存在滞后性和一定的不可逆性,加剧了表观熵的衰退.     

细胞生物学研究型教学初探

本文以西南民族大学细胞生物学课程采用的教学方法、教学手段和师资轮换分段式上课为例,探讨了在培养创新型人才的前提下如何进行专业基础课研究型教学,培养学生的创新性思维,以便为广大研究型教学者提供思路和参考.     

青菜、莴苣对喷雾液PH值的反应

酸雨对植物的危害,已为人们所共识.通过人工模拟酸雨实验,可进一步探讨酸雨 的低PH值（PH值由7.0下降到2.0）会使植物的叶细胞透性增加（叶细胞透性增加的百分率（ %）：青菜最大可达到214.2%,莴苣可达到136.23%）．同时也会使植物叶片中的叶绿素含量 下降（青菜的叶绿素含量从0.851mg/g·鲜重下降到0.247mg/g·鲜重,莴苣的叶绿素含量从 0.868mg/g·鲜重下降到0.185mg/g·鲜重）．进而影响植物的生长发育,对植物造成伤害．     

Preparation and in vitro studies of microencapsulated cells releasing human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2

INTRODUCTION Cell encapsulation in biocompatible and semipermeable polymeric membranes is an effective method for immunoprotection, regardless of the type of recipient (allograft, xenograft, etc.). The semipermeable nature of the membrane prevents high molecular weight molecules, antibodies and other immunologic moieties from coming into contact with the encapsulated cells and destroying them as foreign invaders, but permits the entry of nutrients and oxy- gen and the exit of therapeutic p…     

Yangxueqingnao particles inhibit rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by lysophosphatidic acid

Objective: To observe the effect of Yangxueqingnao particles on rat vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Methods: The amount of³H-TdR (³H-thymidine) admixed in cultured rat VSMC was measured and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and lipid peroxidation end product malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the VSMC were assayed. Results: 1×10⁻⁹, 1×10⁻⁸, 1×10⁻⁷ mol/L LPA in a concentration dependent manner, induced the amount of³H-TdR admixed, MAP kinase activity, and MDA content of the cultured rat VSMC to increase. However, 5%, 10%, and 15% Yangxueqingnao serum preincubation resulted in a decrease of 23.0%, 42.0%, and 52.0% (P<0.01) respectively in the amount of³H-TdR admixed, a decline in VSMC MAP kinase activity of 13.9% (P<0.05), 29.6% (P<0.01), and 48.9% (P<0.01) respectively, and also, a decrease in MDA content of VSMC of 19.4%, 24.7%, and 43.2% (P<0.01) respectively, in the 1×10⁻⁷ mol/L LPA-treated VSMC. Conclusions: LPA activates the proliferation and lipid peroxidation of VSMC in a concentration dependent manner. The LPA-induced VSMC proliferation is related to the activity of MAP kinases, enzymes involved in an intracellular signalling pathway. The results of the present study showed that Yangxueqingnao particles can effectively inhibit LPA-induced VSMC proliferation, MAP kinase activation, and reduce lipid peroxidative lesion. Project (No. 491010-W50339) supported by Chinese Traditional Medicine Administration Bureau of Zhejiang Province, China     

六倍体小偃麦与普通小麦杂交的细胞遗传研究

本文叙述了六倍体小偃麦与普通小麦杂交的细胞遗传研究,国内外技术的现状和发展趋势及目的、意义、理论和经济价值。     

对电化学中两个问题的讨论

讨论了Daniell电池的热力学可逆性问题和电化学反应的判据问题，认为Daniell电池是热力学不可逆电池，电化学反应的ΔrGm判据与E判据并不等价。     

Effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the properties of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

Objective  

To explore the effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on migration, proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).     

Impairment of liver regeneration by the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid in mice

Background and objective: Liver regeneration is a complex process regulated by a group of genetic and epigenetic factors. A variety of genetic factors have been reported, whereas few investigations have focused on epigenetic regulation during liver regeneration. In the present study, valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, was used to investigate the effect of HDAC on liver regeneration. Methods: VPA was administered via intraperitoneal injection to 2/3 partially hepatectomized mice to detect hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration. The mice were sacrificed, and their liver tissues were harvested at sequential time points from 0 to 168 h after treatment. DNA synthesis was detected via a BrdU assay, and cell proliferation was tested using Ki-67. The expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and CDK4 were detected by Western blot analysis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was used to examine the recruitment of HDACs to the target promoter regions and the expression of the target gene was detected by Western blot. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis showed that cells positive for BrdU and Ki-67 decreased, and the peak of BrdU was delayed in the VPA-administered mice. Consistently, cyclin D1 expression was also delayed. We identified B-myc as a target gene of HDACs by complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray. The expression of B-myc increased in the VPA-administered mice after hepatectomy (PH). The ChIP assay confirmed the presence of HDACs at the B-myc promoter. Conclusions: HDAC activities are essential for liver regeneration. Inhibiting HDAC activities delays liver regeneration and induces liver cell cycle arrest, thereby causing an anti-proliferative effect on liver regeneration.